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1) °²×°´íÎó´¦Àí¾ä±ú¡£
2) ·ÖÅäÔËÐл·¾³¡£
3) µ÷ÓÃ×Ó³ÌÐò
logon()£¬½¨Á¢µ½Ö¸¶¨ÔËÐл·¾³µÄÊý¾Ý¿âÁ¬½Ó¡£
4) ½¨Á¢Ïß³Ì
1£¬ÓÃÓÚÖ´ÐÐquery()×Ó³ÌÐò£¬¸Ã×Ó³ÌÐòÓÃÓÚ²éѯ£»
½¨Á¢Ïß³Ì
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5) µ÷ÓÃ×Ó³ÌÐò
logoff()¶Ï¿ªÁ¬½Ó¡£
6) ÊÍ·ÅΪÔËÐл·¾³Ëù·ÖÅäµÄÄÚ´æ¡£
¶þ£®¾ßÌå´úÂëʵÏÖ
1. Á¬½Óµ½ Êý¾Ý¿â×Ó³ÌÐò
Oracle
void logon(sql_context ctx)
{
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
VARCHAR username[20],password[20],server[20];
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;
EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx;
printf("n ÊäÈëÓû§Ãû£º");
gets(username.arr);
username.len = (unsigned short)strlen((char *) username.arr);
printf("n ÊäÈë¿ÚÁ
");
gets(password.arr);
password.len = (unsigned short)strlen((char *) password.arr);
printf("n ÊäÈë·þÎñÃû£º
");
gets(server.arr);
server.len = (unsigned short)strlen((char *) server.arr);
EXEC SQL CONNECT :username IDENTIFIED BY
<img src="images/smilies/tongue.gif" border="0" alt="">assword
USING :server;
printf("n ÒÔÓû§ %s ³É¹¦µØÁ¬½Óµ½ÁË·þÎñÆ÷ %s ÉÏ£¡ n",
username.arr,server.arr);
}
2£®¶Ï¿ªÊý¾Ý¿âÁ¬½Ó×Ó³ÌÐò¡£
Void logoff(sql_context ctx)
{
EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx;
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE;
}
3£®´íÎó´¦Àí×Ó³ÌÐò¡£
void sql_ error(struct sqlca sqlca)
{
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![ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10
001
* ¹ØÓÚ±ðÃûµÄʹÓã¨
Öصã
££
©º
1. Ò»µ©ÔÚ Öж¨ÒåÁ˱í±ðÃû£¬ÔòÔÚÕû¸ö
WHERE SELECT Óï¾äÖв»ÄÜÔÙʹÓñíÔ-Ãû
2. where,group by ×Ó¾äÖпÉÒÔʹÓñí±ðÃû£¬µ«²»ÄÜʹÓÃÁбðÃû
3. order by ×Ó¾äÖпÉÒÔʹÓÃÁбðÃû
£¬µ«²»ÄÜÓбíÃûǰ׺£¬²»ÄÜʹÓ㺱
.ÁбðÃû£¬
µ«¿ÉÒÔʹÓ㺱í±ðÃû
.ÁÐÔ-Ãû
4. ±í±ðÃû¿ÉÒÔÓëÁбðÃûÏàͬ
* A literal is any character, expression, or number included in the SELECT list that is not a
column name or a column alias. --¿ÉÒÔÀí½âΪ³ýÁË×Ö¶ÎÃû£¨°üÀ¨±ðÃû£©
·û¡¢Êý×Ö¡¢±í´ïʽ£©
* Currently, Oracle treats a character value with length of zero as null. However, this may
not continue to be true in future versions of Oracle. -- 8i Öл¹Ã»Óиı䣬 ''ÈÔÈ»ÊÓΪ null
´¦Àí
* You can use the NVL function to convert any datatype, but the return value is always the
same as the datatype of expr1. -- ³ý·Ç¿ÉÒÔÒþº¬×Ô¶¯×ª»»µÄÀàÐÍ£¬±ÈÈçÊ
* In SQL*Plus, you can display the structure of a table using the DESCRIBE command. The
result of the command is to see the column names, datatypes, and whether a column must
contain data(null or not null). £¨Øµã
Ö £©
* You terminate the SQL buffer by either entering one of the terminator characters
(semicolon or slash), or pressing [RETURN] twice. You will now see the SQL prompt. (Öصã
)
* SQLPLUS Command : 0 text Inserts a line before line 1.
* SPO[OL] [filename[.ext]|OFF|OUT] Stores query results in a file, OFF closes the spool
file. OUT closes the spool file and sends the file results to the system printer. (Öصã
)
* COLUMN ÃüÁ
JUS[TIFY] {align} Justifies the column heading (not the data) to be left, center, or
right.
NOPRI[NT] Hides the column.
NUL[L] text Specifies text to be displayed for null values.
PRI[NT] Shows the column.
TRU[NCATED] Truncates the string at the end of the first line of display. £-Óë
wrap
¶ÔÓ¦£¬¸ù¾ÝÁпí½Ø¶Ï
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![ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10
001
WRA[PPED] Wraps the end of the string to the next line.
WOR[D_WRAPPED] Same as WRAPPED, but ensures that words do not split. £-ÔÚÖÐÎÄ
×Ö·û¼¯ÏµĴ¦Àí£¬Ò²ÊÇÒÔ¿Õ¸ñÇø·Ö
L Represents local currency. L9999 £-Óë
nls_currency µÄÉ趨
Ïà¹Ø
*
COL[UMN] column Displays the current settings for the specified column.
COL[UMN] Displays the current settings for all columns.
COL[UMN] column CLE[AR] Clears the settings for the specified column.
CLE[AR] COL[UMN] Clears the settings for all columns.
* The selection capability in SQL allows you to choose rows in a table to be returned by a
query. You can restrict the rows returned by selection using various criteria. The
projection capability in SQL allows you to choose columns in a table to be returned by a
query. You can control the number of columns returned by a query. Selection is often
considered horizontal partitioning, and projection is often considered vertical partitioning.
? SQL commands are not case sensitive, unless indicated.
Lession2 Limiting Selected Rows
* ORDER BY clause is last in SELECT command. £-£¨£©
Öصã
* If no ORDER BY clause, the Oracle7 Server may not fetch rows in the same order for the
same query twice. --ÓëÊý¾Ý´æÖüµÄ±ä»¯ÓйØ
* ASC orders the rows in ascending order. This is the default order.
* In Oracle7, null values are displayed last for ascending sequences and first for
descending sequences. -- 8i ÒÀÈ»ÊÇÕâ¸öÔ-Ôò£¨
Öص㠣©
* You can order by position to save time. -- ûÓвâÊÔ¹ý°´Î»ÖÃ
order by ÊÇ·ñ¿ÉÒÔ½ÚÊ¡ÔË
ÐÐʱ¼ä£¿
* Sort by position is especially useful when sorting by a long expression. Rather than typing
the expression again. £-±ðÃûÒ²¿ÉÒÔ½â¾öÎÊÌâ
* You can order by columns that are not in the SELECT list. --×¢ÒâÀýÍâÇé¿öÊÇ£ºÔÚ
SELECT
ÖÐʹÓÃÁË ºÍ×麯Êý
DISTINCT £¨Øµã
Ö £©
* Conditions consist of the following:
- Column name,expression,constant
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![ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10
001
An expression
* Features of Single Row Functions
They may expect one or more user arguments.
You can nest them.
You can use them in SELECT, WHERE, and ORDER BY clauses. --Ϊʲô²»Ð´£º
group
by?
* Lower(),Upper(): Converts alpha character
INITCAP(): Converts alpha character values to uppercase for the first letter of each
word, all other letters in lowercase.
CONCAT(): ͬ||
SUBSTR(column|expression,m[,n]): m ²»ÄÜȱʡ£¬ end, n=0 ·µØ
n ȱʡΪµ½ » null
NVL(column|expression1,column|expression2)£º
exp1 ºÍ
exp2 ±ØÐëͬÀàÐÍ£¬»òÕß¿ÉÒ
Òþº¬×ª»»
ROUND(column|expression,n)£º 0 »ò ²»Ö¸¶¨£¬Ôò
n£½ n round µ½ÕûÊýλ£»
n Ϊ¸ºÊý£¬Ôò
´ÓСÊýµãÆðÏò×ó±ß date at midnight.
round£» Round the
TRUNC(column|expression,n)£º 0 »ò ²»Ö¸¶¨£¬Ôò
n£½ n round µ½ÕûÊýλ£»
n Ϊ¸ºÊý£¬Ôò
´ÓСÊýµãÆðÏò×ó±ß
n λ trunc Ϊ0
NEXT_DAY(date,‘ )£º
char’ Finds the date of the next specified day of the week (‘ )
char’
following date. char may be a number representing a
day or a character string. (char ÔÚÓ¢ÎÄ×Ö·û¼¯Ï£¬ÓÃÈýλ±íʾ¼´¿É£¬È
mon, char ÊÇ
ºÍ×Ö·û¼¯Ïà¹ØµÄ£¿ÔÚÖÐÎÄ×Ö·û¼¯Ï¾ßÌåµÄ char ¸ñʽÈçºÎÑ°ÕÒ£¿
)
* Oracle stores dates in an internal numberic format. - Century, year, month, day,hours,
minutes, seconds.
* Default date display is DD-MON-YY. – ÓëCharacterSet ÉèÖÃÓйأ¬
nls_data_format,
nls_date_language
* Valid Oracle dates are between January 1, 4712 B.C. and December 31, 4712 A.D.
--Oracle8i Öв»ÖªÊÇ·ñ¸ü¸ÄÁË
?
* The DUAL table is owned by the user SYS and may be accessed by all users. It contains
one column, DUMMY, and one row with the value “X”
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![ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10
001
Lession7 Specifying Variable at Runtime
* In SQL*PLUS: ACCEPT reads a line of user input and stores it in a variable. DEFINE
creates and assigns a value to a variable.
* SQL*Plus does not support validation checks on user input.
* &user_variable: SQL*Plus discards a new variable once it is used. £-Èç¹ûʹÓÃ
&&£¬
SQLPLUS ½«¼ÇסʹÓÃÁË &&Ö®ºóͬÃû±äÁ¿µÄÖµ
* With the single ampersand, the user is prompted every time the command is executed.
* Setting SET VERIFY to ON forces SQL*Plus to display the text of a command before and
after it replaces substitution variables with values.
* ACCEPT variable [datatype][FORMAT][PROMPT text][HIDE]
HIDE suppresses what the user enters, for example a password.
* Both the ACCEPT and DEFINE commands will create a variable if the variable does not
exist; these commands will automatically redefine a variable if it exists.
* Use the ACCEPT command to:
Give a customized prompt when accepting user input. Otherwise, you will see the
default “ Enter value for variable.”
Explicitly define a NUMBER or DATE datatype variable.
Hide user input for security reasons.
* The ECHO variable controls whether START and @ commands list each command in a
command file as the command is executed.
* To define you wanted variables for every session, modify your login.sql file so that those
variables are created at startup.
* Reports can accept a maximum of nine parameters that are named from &1 to &9.
* SQL*Plus retains report parameters and their values until you redefine them, undefine
them, or terminate your SQL*Plus session.
* Without the single quotes encl sing the variable value an invalid column name error
o
occurs.
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Itpub电子杂志(第二期)
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- 4. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ±¾ÆÚµ¼¶Á ÏÖÔÚ¹ÜÀíÈí¼þÅòÕÍ×î¿ìµÄÊг¡ÊÇÖÐСÐÍÊг¡¡ £µ«ÊÇ¿¼Âǵ½Ó¦ÓÃÐèÇóµÄ¸´ÔÓÐ ÍêÕûÐÔ£¬ÆäʵÖÐÐÍÊг¡ÊÇ×î¾ßÓдú±íÐÔµÄÊг¡¡£±¾ÎÄ×ÅÖزûÊöÁËÖÐÐÍÊг¡µÄ¿Í µã¼°¹¦ÄÜÐèÇó¡£ Cloning Oracle Applications, Release 11i ¡ï Kevon zeng Òë Oracle Applications ϵͳµÄ¿Ë¡ÊÇ Applications ÖØÒªµÄÒ»ÖÖ¼¼Êõ¡£ÓÐÁË Oracle Ëü£ÎÒÃÇÄܹ»Ñ¸ËÙ¶ÔÔ-ÓеÄÓ¦ÓÃϵͳ´Óһ̨»úÆ÷¸´ÖƵ½ÁíÍâһ̨»úÆ÷» ¬ ·ÖÀë¡£ HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 5. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ORACLE Êý¾Ý¿â¹éµµÄ£Ê½µÄÉèÖà ORACLE Êý¾Ý¿â¹éµµÄ£Ê½µÄÉèÖà : tigerking ×÷Õß ÔÚORACLE Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ¿ª·¢»·¾³ºÍ²âÊÔ»·¾³ÖУ¬Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÈÕÖ ¶¼ÊDz»ÉèÖõģ¬ÕâÑùÓÐÀûÓÚϵͳӦÓõĵ÷Õû£¬Ò²ÃâµÄÉú³ Á¿µÄÏûºÄ¡£µ«ÔÚϵͳÉÏÏߣ¬³ÉΪÉú²ú»·¾³Ê±£¬½«ÆäÉèÖÃΪ ÒòΪ£¬ÕâÊDZ£Ö¤ÏµÍ³µÄ°²È«ÐÔ£¬ÓÐЧԤ·ÀÔÖÄѵÄÖØÒª´ëÊ Á½´Î±¸·Ý¼ä¸ôÖ®¼äµÄÈÕÖ¾Îļþ£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÐЧµÄ»Ö¸´Õâ¶Îʱ¼ ʱºòÍì»Ø»ò×î´ó¿ÉÄܵļõÉÙÊý¾Ý¶ªÊ§¡£ËäÈ» ORACLE Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÈÕ־ģʽºÍ×Ô¶¯¹éµ ²»¸´ÔÓ£¬µ«ÆäÖеÄһЩ¸ÅÄîºÍ²Ù×÷¹ý³Ì»¹ÊÇÈÝÒ×»ìÏýµÄ£ Ï£¬ËùÓû·¾³Îª UNIX(HPUX,SOLARIES,AIX,TRU64UNIX)ºÍ ORACLE8¡£ һҪʹ . OARCLE Êý¾Ý¿â½øÐÐÈÕÖ¾µÄ×Ô¶¯¹éµµ£¬ÐèÒª×öÁ½·½ÃæµÄÊ Ò»ÊÇÊý¾Ý¿âÈÕ־ģʽ µÄÉèÖà (database log mode,¿ÉΪArchive Mode ºÍ Archive Mode)£¬ÁíÍâ¾ÍÊÇ×Ô¶¯¹éµµÄ No ʽÉèÖà (Automatic archival,¿ÉΪ Enabled ºÍDisabled)¡£ ¶þÈçºÎ²é¿´Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÏÖÐÐÈÕÖ¾ºÍ×Ô¶¯¹éµµÄ£Ê½µÄÉèÖà . ¿ÉÓà archive log list ÃüÁîÀ´²é¿´¡£ ÀýÈ磺 ÔËÐÐÔÚÈÕÖ¾×Ô¶¯¹éµµÄ£Ê½ÏµÄÊý¾Ý¿âϵͳ²é¿´½á¹ûÈçÏ SVRMGR> archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /backup/archivelog Oldest online log sequence 2131 Next log sequence to archive 2133 Current log sequence 2133 ûÓÐÆô¶¯Êý¾Ý¿âÈÕ־ģʽºÍ×Ô¶¯¹éµµµÄÊý¾Ý¿âϵͳ²é¿ SVRMGR> archive log list Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/product/8.0.5/dbs/arch Oldest online log sequence 194 Current log sequence 196 ÈýÊý¾Ý¿âÈÕ־ģʽµÄÉèÖà . ÔÚ´´½¨Êý¾Ý¿âʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚ CREATE DATABASE Óï¾äÖÐÖ¸¶¨Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÈÕ־ģʽ ÓÐÖ¸Ã÷£¬ÔòȱʡΪģʽ¡£ÓÉÓÚÈç¹ûÔÚ´´½¨Êý¾Ý¿âʱָÃ÷Ê NOARCHIVELOG Archive Mode µÄ»°£¬»áÔö¼ÓÔ¼ 20%µÄ´´½¨Ê±¼ä£¬¶øÔÚÒÔºóÆô¶¯ INSTANCE ʱÔÙÉèÖõĻ°£¬Ò»°ãÖ»Óà ÃëµÄʱ¼ä£¬ËùÒÔÒ»°ãÔÚ´´½¨Êý¾Ý¿âʱÊDz»ÉèÖÃΪ ARCHIVE MODE µÄ¡£ÈçҪȷ¶¨Ò»ÏµÍ³Êý ¿âµÄÈÕ־ģʽÉè Ö㬳ýÁË (¶þ )Öеķ½·¨ÍâÒ²¿ÉÒÔÖ´ÐÐÈçϲÙ×÷²é¿´£º SVRMGR> Select * from V$DATABASE NAME CREATED LOG_MODE CHECKPOINT ARCHIVE_CH HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 6. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ORACLE Êý¾Ý¿â¹éµµÄ£Ê½µÄÉèÖà ------- ------------ --------------- ---------------- ----------------- ORCL 05/21/97 17:55:06 NOARCHIVELOG 172185 170808 ½«Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÈÕ־ģʽÉèÖÃÇл»£¨ Archive Mode ºÍ Archive Mode Ö®¼äµÄÇл»£©µÄ²½ No ÖèºÍ²Ù×÷ÈçÏ£º 1. ¹Ø±ÕÔËÐеÄÊý¾Ý¿âʵÀý SVRMGRL> shutdown ÔÚ½øÐÐÈÕ־ģʽÇл»Ö®Ç°£¬±ØÐ뽫ÔËÐеÄÊý¾Ý¿âÕý³£¹ 2. ±¸·ÝÊý¾Ý¿â ¸Ã±¸·Ý¸úÒÔºó²úÉúµÄÈÕÖ¾Ò»ÆðÓÃÓÚ½«À´µÄÔÖÄѻָ´£ ʽ£¬Ã»ÓÐÕâ¸öÊý¾Ý¿â±¸·Ý£¬½öÓÐÈÕÖ¾ÎļþÊÇÎÞ·¨´Ó¸ÃÊ 3. Æô¶¯Êý¾Ý¿âʵÀýµ½ mount ״̬£¬µ«²»Òª´ò¿ª¡£ SVRMGRL> startup mount ×¢Ò⣺Èç¹ûÊÇʹÓÃOPS µÄ»°£¬ÇëÖ»´ò¿ªÒ»¸öÊý¾Ý¿âʵÀý½øÐÐģʽ »»²Ù×÷¡£ 4. Çл»Êý¾Ý¿âÈÕ־ģʽ¡£ SVRMGRL> alter database archivelog;(ÉèÖÃÊý¾Ý¿âΪ¹éµµÈÕ־ģʽ ) »ò SVRMGRL> alter database noarchivelog;(ÉèÖÃÊý¾Ý¿âΪ¹éµµÈÕ־ģʽ ) 5. ´ò¿ªÊý¾Ý¿â SVRMGRL> alter database open; 6. È·ÈÏÊý¾Ý¿âÏÖÔÚ´¦Óڹ鵵ÈÕ־ģʽ¡£ SVRMGRL> archive log list; Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination for example: $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/arch Oldest on-line log sequence 275 Next log sequence 277 Current log sequence 278 7. ½«Õâ¸öʱ¼äµãµÄ redo logs ¹éµµ SVRMGRL> archive log all; 8. È·ÈÏвúÉúµÄÈÕÖ¾ÎļþÒÑÔÚÏàÓ¦µÄ¹éµµÄ¿Â¼ÏÂÃæ¡£ ËÄ . ×Ô¶¯¹éµµÄ£Ê½ÉèÖà (Automatic archival,¿ÉΪ Enabled ºÍDisabled)¡£ ÔÚ¸ÃģʽÏ£¬Êý¾Ý¿âÆô¶¯Ò»¸ölogs дµ½ÏµÍ³¹éµµÉ豸µÄÏ arch ½ø³Ì£¬×¨ÃŸºÔ𽫠redo ӦĿ¼Ï¡£ÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âµÄ²ÎÊýÎļþÖÐÉèÖòÎÊý£¨Ò»°ãÊÇÔÚ $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init*.ora Îļþ ÖУ£©º LOG_ARCHIVE_START= LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST= LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT= LOG_ARCHIVE_START: ÈçÒªÇó×Ô¶¯¹éµµµÄ»°£¬ÔòÉèΪ TRUE£¬ÈçÒªÇóΪ·Ç×Ô¶¯¹éµµµÄ»°£¬ÔòÉèÎ FALSE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST: ¸Ã²ÎÊýÉ趨Á˹鵵´æ·ÅµÄ·¾¶¡£ archive logs LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT: ¸Ã²ÎÊýÉ趨ÁË archive logs µÄÃüÃû¸ñʽ¡£ÀýÈ磬È罫¸ñʽÉèΪ : arch%s.arc HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 7. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ORACLE Êý¾Ý¿â¹éµµÄ£Ê½µÄÉèÖà log Îļþ½«Îª : arch1.arc, arch2.arc, arch3.arc Õ⼸¸ö²ÎÊýÉèÖÃÖ»ÓÐÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âʵÀýÆô¶¯Ç°ÉèÖòÅÄÜÉú Öã¬ÒªÊ¹ÆäÉúЧ£¬±ØÐëÖØÆðÊý¾Ý¿â¡£ Èç¹ûÊý¾Ý¿âÕýÔÚÔËÐÐÖУ¬²»Äܼ´¿ÌÖØÆð£¬ÒªÉèÖÃÆäÎª× SVRMGRL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG START; ÈçÒªÉèÖÃÆäΪ·Ç×Ô¶¯¹éµµÄ£Ê½ (È¡Ïû×Ô¶¯¹éµµ )£¬Ôò£º SVRMGRL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG STOP; µ«Èç¹ûÊý¾Ý¿âÖØÆðºó£¬¸øÓï¾äÐ޸ĵĽá¹û¾ÍʧЧÁË£¬× ÎļþÖÐµÄ LOG_ARCHIVE_START µÄÖµÀ´ÉèÖᣠÎå . ¼¸ÖÖÉèÖÃÇé¿ö£º (1) Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled ÕâÊÇÔڴ󲿷ÖÉú²ú»·¾³ÖÐµÄ ORACLE Êý¾Ý¿âÈÕÖ¾¼°¹éµµÄ£Ê½ÉèÖã¬ÕâÖÖ Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ¶¨ÆÚ±¸·Ý£¨ÓÐÈȱ¸ºÍÀ䱸£©ºÍ¹éµµÈÕÖ¾±¸·Ý£¬¿ µÄÈ«²¿Ê±¼äµã¡£ (2) Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬Êý¾Ý¿â²»ÄÜ×Ô¶¯¹éµµ£¬ÐèÒª½øÐÐÊÖ¹¤¹éµ ÓÖûÓеļ°Ê±½øÐÐÊÖ¹¤¹éµµµÄ»°£¬ÓÉÓÚ LGWR ûÓпÉÓõÄÔÚÏßÈÕÖ¾¿Éд£¬Êý¾Ý Õâ¶ù£¬Ö»ÓнøÐÐÊÖ¹¤¹éµµºó£¬ÓпÉÓõÄÔÚÏßÈÕÖ¾ºó²ÅÄܼ Çé ¿ö¡£ ÊÖ¹¤¹éµµ²Ù×÷ÈçÏ£º SVRMGRL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL; Êý¾Ý¿â½«»á°ÑÔÚÏßÈÕÖ¾½øÐй鵵´¦Àí (3) Database log mode NO Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled ÓÐЩÏà¶ÔǷȱ¾-ÑéµÄ¹ÜÀíÔ±ÔÚ½øÐÐÉèÖÃʱ£¬Ö» LOG_ARCHIVE_START=TRUE£¬È»ºóÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âÆðÀ´ºó²é¿´µ½ ARCH ¹éµµ½ø³ÌÒѾ-ÆðÀ´ÁË£¬¿ ÊǾ¡¹Ü ÒѾ-×÷Á˼¸´ÎÈÕÖ¾Çл»£¬µ«»¹ÊÇûÓй鵵ÈÕÖ¾£¬ ORACLE ÊÇÕâÖÖÇé¿ö£¬ Èç¹ûÊý¾Ý¿â²»ÊÇ´¦ÔÚ redolog »¹ÊDz»»á±»¹éµµ¡£ ARVHIVELOG ģʽ£¬ (4) Database log mode NO Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled ÕâÖÖÉèÖÃÊǸհ²×°µÄ oracle Êý¾Ý¿âµÄȱʡÉèÖ㬿ª·¢»·¾³Ò²´ó²¿·Ö ¹éµµ¡£ HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 8. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ²»ÓÃÖؽ¨ Standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÇл»·½·¨ ²»ÓÃÖؽ¨ Standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÇл»·½·¨ : overtime ×÷Õß Oracle µÄ standby Êý¾Ý¿â³£³£ÓÃÀ´×÷ΪÊý¾Ý¿â±¸·ÝµÄÖØÒª·½·¨ Oracle µÄÁª»úÎĵµ ÖУ¬ Standby Êý¾Ý¿âÈç¹û±»¼¤»î£¨ activate£©ºó£¬¾Í³ÉΪÁË primary Êý¾Ý¿â£¬Ô-À´µÄ primary Êý¾Ý¿â±ØÐëÖؽ¨²ÅÄܳÉΪРstandby Êý¾Ý¿â£ ÕâÖ÷ÒªÊÇÒòΪ ¬ standby µÄ¼¤»îÏ൱ÓÚ¶ÔÊý¾Ý¿ ½øÐÐÁË ²Ù×÷¡£Æäʵ£¬´Ó resetlog Oracle 7.3 ¿ªÊ¼£¬Èç¹û primary Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ ÔÚÇл»Ê± redo log ÊÇ¿ÉÓõÄÇé¿öÏ£¬¿ÉÒÔʵÏÖ primary µ½ standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÎÞ·ìÇл»£¨graceful switch£¡£ÕâÑù © ¿ÉÒÔ²»ÓÃÖؽ¨ standby Êý¾Ý¿â£¬¼õÇáÁËά»¤¹¤×÷Á¿£¬ÁíÍ⣬ÔÚ activate standby Êý¾Ý¿âʱ»á ¶ªÊ§Ò»²¿·ÝÊÂÎñµÄÇé¿öÒ²¿ÉÒÔ±ÜÃâ¡£ ÕâÖÖÇл»·½·¨ÓëÕý³£¼¤»î standby µÄ·½·¨Ö÷Òª²»Í¬Ö®´¦ÔÚÓÚ£º 1. ÔÚ primary Êý¾Ý¿âÉú³É´´½¨Êý¾Ý¿â¿ØÖÆÎļþµÄ½Å±¾£¨ alter database backup controlfile to trace noresetlogs£¡©£ 2. primary Êý¾Ý¿âÒª¹Ø±Õ£¨¿ÉÒÔÒì³£¹Ø±Õ££¬Ö»ÒªËùÓÐµÄ redo og ¿ÉÓþÍÐС£¶øÕý³£ l © ¼¤»îʱ¶ÔÊý¾Ý¿âûÓÐÒªÇó¡£ primary 3. standby Êý¾Ý¿âÔÚÓ¦ÓÃÍêËùÓеĹ鵵ÈÕÖ¾ºóÒªÕý³£¹Ø±Õ primary µÄËùÓÐµÄ redo log ¿½±´µ½ Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÏàӦĿ¼Ï¡£ standby 4. ÒÔ nomount ·½Ê½´ò¿ªÊý¾Ý¿â£Ö´ÐÐÏÈÇ°ÔÚ standby ¬ primary Êý¾Ý¿âÉÏÉú³ÉµÄ create controlfile Óï¾ä¡£ 5. ÔÚ standby Êý¾Ý¿âÉϽøÐÐ recover£´ò¿ªÊý¾Ý¿â¡Õâʱ£¬ ¬ standby ¾Í³ÉΪÐ嵀 £ primary¡£ 6. ÏÖÔÚ£¬Ô-À´µÄ primary Êý¾Ý¿â¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚ±£ÁôÁËÐ嵀 primary µÄËùÓÐÊý¾ÝÎļþÒ»Ñù£ Ö»ÐèÔÚÐ嵀 primary ÉÏ´´½¨ Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ¿ØÖÆÎļþ²¢½øÐÐÒ»´Î¹éµµ¾Í standby primary Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÎļþ´´½¨Ð嵀 standby ÁË¡£ Oracle standby µÄÕâÖÖÇл»·½Ê½£¬¿ÉÒÔÀí½â³É£º standby Êý¾Ý¿â¾ÍÊÇÒ»¸öÔÚ²»Í£×ö»Ö¸´µÄ±¸·ÝÊý¾Ý¿â£¬Èç¹ activate£©·½Ê½£¬ ¾ÍÏñÊÇ×öÁËresetlogs ²Ù×÷Ò»Ñù£¬ primary µÄÊý¾ÝÎļþÏ൱ÓÚÊÇresetlogs ֮ǰµÄ±¸·Ý£¬¾Íʧ ЧÁË¡£¶øÕâÖÖÎÞ·ìÇл»·½Ê½£¬Ï൱ÓÚÔÚ±¸·ÝÊý¾Ý¿â×öÁËÒ ¼þ£¨ primary Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÊý¾ÝÎļþ£©ÈÔÈ»ÊÇÓÐЧµÄ¡£ µ±È»£¬ÓÐʱºòÓü¤»îµÄ·½Ê½ÊDz»¿É±ÜÃâµÄ£¬ÌرðÊÇÔÚ redo log ÒѾ-²»¿ÉÓÃʱ¡£ÔÚÐèÒ ¶Ô primary ºÍ standby ×öÁÙʱÇл»£¨ÈçÓ²¼þÉý¼¶¡¢»ú·¿°áǨ£©Ê±£¬¿ ·½Ê½¡£ ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»´Î standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄʵ¼ÊÇл»¹ý³Ì£º ˵Ã÷£º Êý¾Ý¿â°æ±¾£º Oracle 8.1.6.3 ²Ù×÷ϵͳ£º Solaris 2.6 A »ú : primay database B »ú : standby database standby database ÔÚ recover managed standby database ״̬£» Êý¾ÝÎļþ¶¼ÊÇ online ״̬£» HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 9. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ²»ÓÃÖؽ¨ Standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÇл»·½·¨ initSID.ora Ö÷Òª²ÎÊý : log_archive_dest_1 "location=/t11a/oracle8i/switch_data/archive mandatory" log_archive_dest_2 "service=standby reopen=300" log_archive_dest_state_1 Enable log_archive_dest_state_2 Enable standby_archive_dest /t11a/oracle8i/switch_data/archive db_file_name_convert ('/export/home2/oracle', '/t11a/oracle8i/switch_data') log_file_name_convert ('/export/home2/oracle', '/t11a/oracle8i/switch_data') Switchover ²½Öè : A »ú B »ú 1.¹éµµµ±Ç°µÄÈÕÖ¾1.¼ì²é standby Êý¾Ý¿â alter system archive log current; È·ÈÏ datafile µÄ״̬²»ÊÇfuzzy »ò recover: 2.Éú³É´´½¨¿ØÖÆÎļþµÄ½Å±¾ select name,fuzzy,recover alter database backup controlfile from v$datafile_header; to trace noresetlogs; ºóÀ´ÐµÄÔöµÄÊý¾ÝÎļþµÄ״̬¿É recover ´Ë½Å±¾ÌáÈ¡³ö create controlfile µÄÄÇÒ» ¾ä³öÀ´£¬Çл»Ê±ÔÚ standby Êý¾Ý¿â´ò¿ª È·ÈÏdatafile µÄ unrecoverable_change# < ºóÖ´ÐÐ v$backup.change#: select d.name,unrecoverable_change#,change# 3.¹Ø±ÕÊý¾Ý¿â from v$datafile d, v$backup b shutdown immediate where b.file#=d.file#; ÈôÊý¾Ý¿âÒì³£¹Ø±Õ£¬Ö»Òª online redolog ÍêºÃÒ²¿ÉÒÔ È·ÈÏÊý¾Ý¿âµÄ resetlog version Ò»Ñù : select resetlogs_change#, resetlogs_time, open_resetlogs from v$database; 2.Ó¦ÓÃÍêËùÓÐµÄ archivelog£¬ÖÐÖ¹ recovery recover managed standby database cancel; 3.Õý³£¹Ø±ÕÊý¾Ý¿â shutdown immediate; 4.¿½±´ online redolog µ½ ËùÓÐµÄ B »ú: ²»ÒªÉ¾³ýÕâЩ online redo log; HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 10. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ²»ÓÃÖؽ¨ Standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÇл»·½·¨ 4.Ð޸Ĵ´½¨¿ØÖÆÎļþµÄ½Å±¾ ÈçÊý¾ÝÎļþÃûµÈ£¨ÔÚ standby ºÍ primary Êý¾ÝÎļþÃû²» Ò»ÖµÄÇé¿öÏ£© 5.´ò¿ªÊý¾Ý¿â startup nomount; create controlfile .....; £¨´ËΪÔÚÊý¾Ý¿âÉϱ¸·Ý¿Ø primary ÖÆÎļþÉú³ÉµÄ½Å±¾£© recover database; alter database open; 6.¼ì²éÊý¾Ý¿âÊÇ·ñÕý³£ 7.´´½¨ standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ¿ØÖÆÎļþ alter database create standby controlfile as '....'; 8.¿½±´ standby Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ¿ØÖÆÎļþµ½ A »ú 5.½ÓÊÕ archive log B »úµÄ 6.¿ªÆô standby Êý¾Ý¿â : startup nomount; alter database mount standby database; recover managed standby database; Switchback ºÍ Switchover µÄ²½ÖèÒ»Ñù ³£¼ûÎÊÌâ 1.Çл»ºó£¬ÔÚÐ嵀 standby Ö´ÐÐ recover managed standby database£¬Ìáʾ ORA-308£¬ ÕÒ²»µ½ÏàÓ¦µÄ øÇÒ archivelog£¬ ¶ archivelog µÄÎļþÃû»¹ÊÇ primary ÉϵÄÃû×Ö£¬Ã»Óиù¾Ý log_file_name_convert ²ÎÊýת»» ÕâÖÖ´íÎó·¢ÉúÔÚ¸ÕÇл»ºóµÄ Í·¼¸¸ö archivelog ÎļþÖУ¬ÊÇÒòΪµ±Ê±Ô¶³Ìarchive ûÓÐÕý ³£¹¤×÷£¬ Oracle ÈÏΪÄÇЩ archivelog Ó¦¸ÃÒѾ-ÔÚÏàÓ¦µÄĿ¼Ï (ÔÚÇл»ºóµÄprimary ÒѾ- archive Á˸ÃÎļþÉú³É log ºó²Å standby ¿ØÖÆÎļþ£¬ Oracle ¸ù¾Ý¿ØÖÆÎļþÅжÏÊÇ·ñÉú³ ÐèµÄ archivelog£¬ )£¬¾ÍûÓеȴý£¬¶øÊÇÖ±½ÓÈ¥ÏàӦĿ¼ÕҸà archivelog¡£ ÕâЩ archivelog ±ØÐëÊÖ¹¤´«µ½ standby µÄÏàӦĿ¼Ï£¬ÇÒÓÉÓÚ²»ÊÇÓÉ RFS ½ø³Ì½øÐÐ archive£¬ÎļþÃûҲûÓиù¾Ý log_file_name_convert ²ÎÊý½øÐÐÏàÓ¦µÄת»»£¬ÕâЩ log Ҫͨ¹ý recover standby database ÃüÁîÓ¦Óõ½ standby Êý¾Ý¿âÖÐ . 2.³öÏÖÌáʾ ºó£¬ÔÙ´ÎÖ´ÐÐ ORA-308 recover managed standby database ʱ£¬Ìáʾ£º ORA-00275: media recovery has already been started ÖØРinternal ¼´¿É sqlplus ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ : Granceful Switchover and Switchback Oracle Standby Database HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 11. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ÇÉÓà Rman À´¹ÜÀíÂãÉ豸ÉϵÄÊý¾Ý¿â ÇÉÓà Rman À´¹ÜÀíÂãÉ豸ÉϵÄÊý¾Ý¿â ×÷Õß : chao_ping ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀ£¬ Oracle Êý¾Ý¿â´ó¶à¶¼´æ·ÅÔÚÂãÉ豸ÉÏÃ棬ÒÔÀ Unix ÉÏÃæµÄ IO ÐÔÄÜ µÄÌáÉý¡£µ«ÊÇÂãÉ豸µÄ¹ÜÀí±È½ÏÂé·³£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇ°ÑÊý¾ÝÎļ ÂãÉ豸°ÑÊý¾ÝÎļþת»»µ½Îļþϵͳ£¬ÕâЩ¸ø dba ´øÀ´ºÜÍ·ÌÛµÄÊÂÇé¡£ ±¾ÎĽéÉÜÒ»¸ö°ì·¨£¬¿ÉÒÔÓà Rman À´ÇáËɸ㶨ÂãÉ豸 /Îļþϵͳ֮¼äÊý¾ÝÎļþµÄÇ ÔÚ´«Í³·½·¨ÀïÃ棬ÎÒÃDZØÐë¶ÔÓÚÿ¸ö overhead µÄÖµ Unix ²»Í¬µÄ´óС£¬ Block OS ¾í¹ÜÀíµÄ ×÷¼ÆË㣬²ÅÄܷdz£Ð¡ÐĵÄÓà dd À´×öÕâЩ¿½±´ ºÍÒƶ¯£¬µ«ÊÇÏÖÔÚÔÚ Rman µÄ°ïÖúÏ£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿É ÒÔÍêÈ«ºöÂÔÕâЩ²»Í¬µÄµØ·½£¬ÔÚËùÓÐ Unix ƽ̨ƽ̨ÉÏÖ±½ÓÔÚ /NT Oracle ÄÚ²¿ÊµÏÖÕâÖÖÊý¾Ý ÎļþµÄתÒÆ¡£ Ò» . °ÑÊý¾ÝÎļþ´ÓÎļþϵͳתÒƵ½ÂãÉ豸 ±ÈÈçÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚÓÐÒ»¸öÊý¾Ý¿â£¬Æä rbs.dbf Êý¾ÝÎļþµÄ IO Á¿·Ç³£´ó£¬Ôì³É±È½Ï´óµÄ IO µÈ ´ý£ ÎÒÃÇÏ£Íû°ÑËüתÒƵ½ÂãÉ豸ÉÏ£ ÒÔÌáÉýÐÔÄÜ¡ ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ ¬ rbs.dbf µÄ´óСΪ£ ¬ 60M£¬ ËùÒÔÎÒÃÇÐèÒª´´½¨Ò»¸ö 61M µÄÂãÉ豸£¨ 1M ¿Õ¼äÓÃÀ´ÈòÙ×÷ϵͳʹÓ㬹ÜÀí¾í ²»ÓÃÒ²¿ÉÒÔ£¬ÎÒÃÇ·½±ãÆð¼û£¬¸ø 1M 1M£¡©£ s80_svc:oraprd 22> ls -l rbs.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oraprd dba 62916608 Jan 20 21:48 rbs.dbf ÎÒÃÇÏÈÒªÖªµÀ²Ù×÷ϵͳµÄÒ»¸ö PP£¨ Physical Partition£©µÄ´óС£¬ÎÒÃÇÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÀï µÄ´óСÊÇ 64M¡£ # lsvg oravg VOLUME GROUP: oravg VG IDENTIFIER: 000c738d015de954 VG STATE: active PP SIZE: 64 megabyte(s) VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 543 (34752 megabytes) MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 114 (7296 megabytes) LVs: 8 USED PPs: 429 (27456 megabytes) OPEN LVs: 8 QUORUM: 2 TOTAL PVs: 1 VG DESCRIPTORS: 2 STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs: 0 ACTIVE PVs: 1 AUTO ON: no MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32 ÎÒÃÇת»»µ½ root Óû§£ ´´½¨ÕâÑùÒ»¸öÂß¼-¾í£ ´óСÊÇ ¬ 66M£¬ ²¢ÇÒ°ÑÕâ¸öÂß¼-¾í¸ø ¬ oracle Óû§ oraprd£º # mklv -y lvorarbs oravg 1 lvorarbs # chown oraprd:dba /dev/rlvorarbs ÓÉÓÚÕâ¸öÊǻعö¶ÎËùÔڵıí¿Õ¼ä£¬ÐèÒª°Ñ±í¿Õ¼ä offline£¬ÏÈÒª »Ø¹ö¶Î£º offline HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 12. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ÇÉÓà Rman À´¹ÜÀíÂãÉ豸ÉϵÄÊý¾Ý¿â SQL> select segment_name,status from dba_rollback_segs; SEGMENT_NAME STATUS ------------------------------ ---------------- SYSTEM ONLINE RBS01 ONLINE RBS02 ONLINE RBS03 ONLINE SQL> alter rollback segment rbs01 offline; Rollback segment altered. SQL> alter rollback segment rbs02 offline; Rollback segment altered. SQL> alter rollback segment rbs03 offline; Rollback segment altered. rman£¬Á¬½Óµ½Ä¿±êÊý¾Ý¿â£º È»ºóÎÒÃǵǽ½øÈë s80_svc:oraprd 25> rman target / nocatalog Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.7.2.0 - Production RMAN-06005: connected to target database: TEST (DBID=1749460842) RMAN-06009: using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog ÎÒÃÇ¿ªÊ¼°ÑÊý¾ÝÎļþ´ÓÎļþϵͳ¿½±´µ½´ÅÅÌÂãÉ豸ÉÏÃæ£ RMAN> run{ 2> allocate channel c3 type disk; 3> sql 'alter tablespace rbs offline'; 4> copy datafile '/backup/test/datafile/rbs.dbf' to '/dev/rlvorarbs'; 5> } Ö´ÐÐÕâ¸öÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½£¬ÃüÁî³É¹¦Ö´ÐУº RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c3 RMAN-08500: channel c3: sid=9 devtype=DISK RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql RMAN-06162: sql statement: alter tablespace rbs offline RMAN-03023: executing command: sql RMAN-03022: compiling command: copy HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 13. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ÇÉÓà Rman À´¹ÜÀíÂãÉ豸ÉϵÄÊý¾Ý¿â RMAN-03023: executing command: copy RMAN-08000: channel c3: copied datafile 4 RMAN-08501: output filename=/dev/rlvorarbs recid=8 stamp=451692882 RMAN-08031: released channel: c3 È»ºóÎÒÃÇÔÙ¸üпØÖÆÎļþÀïÃæ»Ø¹ö¶Î±í¿Õ¼äÊý¾ÝÎļþµÄ¶ SQL> alter tablespace rbs rename datafile 2 '/backup/test/datafile/rbs.dbf' to '/dev/rlvorarbs'; Tablespace altered. SQL> alter tablespace rbs online; Tablespace altered. ÎÒÃǼì²éÊý¾Ý×ֵ䣬¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½ÕýÈ·µÄеÄÊý¾ÝÎļþ£º SQL> l 1* select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='RBS' SQL> / TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME ------------------------------ -------------------- RBS /dev/rlvorarbs °Ñ¼¸¸ö»Ø¹ö¶Î·Ö±ðÖØРonline ¾Í¿ÉÒÔÁË¡£ ¶þ . °ÑÊý¾ÝÎļþ´ÓÂãÉ豸תÒƵ½Îļþϵͳ ÏÂÃæÎÒÃÇÔÙÑÝʾһÏÂÈçºÎ°ÑÊý¾ÝÎļþ´ÓÂãÉ豸תÒƵ½Î ÎÒÃÇ ÏȽ¨Á¢Ò»¸öÂãÉ豸£¬ÔÙ¹éÊôÓÚ Oracle Óû§£¬ÓÃÕâ¸öÂãÉ豸À´´´½¨±ê¿Õ # mklv -y lvrawtest oravg 1 lvrawtest # chown oraprd:dba /dev/rlvrawtest È»ºóÎÒÃÇÔÙ Oracle ÀïÃæ´´½¨±í¿Õ¼ä£¬´´½¨±í£¬²åÈëʾÀýÊý¾Ý£º SQL> create tablespace rawtofs datafile 2 '/dev/rlvrawtest' size 60m; Tablespace created. ×¢ÒâÕâÀïÎÒÃÇ´´½¨µÄ±í¿Õ¼ä´óС²»ÄÜ´óÓÚ 65M£¬ÒòΪÂã·ÖÇø´óСֻÓÐ 66M£ Ó Òª×÷ ¬ 1M РΪ µÄ¹ÜÀíʹÓᣠOS SQL> create table testforraw (id number) tablespace rawtofs; HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 14. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ÇÉÓà Rman À´¹ÜÀíÂãÉ豸ÉϵÄÊý¾Ý¿â Table created. SQL> insert into testforraw values(100); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. RMAN> run{ 2> allocate channel c3 type disk; 3> sql 'alter tablespace rawtofs offline'; 4> copy datafile '/dev/rlvrawtest' to '/backup/test/datafile/testforraw.dbf'; 5> } RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c3 RMAN-08500: channel c3: sid=13 devtype=DISK RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql RMAN-06162: sql statement: alter tablespace rawtofs offline RMAN-03023: executing command: sql RMAN-03022: compiling command: copy RMAN-03023: executing command: copy RMAN-08000: channel c3: copied datafile 5 RMAN-08501: output filename=/backup/test/datafile/testforraw.dbf recid=7 stamp=451692581 RMAN-08031: released channel: c3 È»ºóÎÒÃÇÔÙÔÚ Oracle ÀïÃæ¶ÔÕâ¸öÊý¾ÝÎļþ¸üж¨Ò壺 SQL> alter tablespace rawtofs rename datafile '/dev/rlvrawtest' to '/backup/test/datafile/testforraw.dbf'; Tablespace altered. SQL> alter tablespace rawtofs online; Tablespace altered. ÎÒÃǼì²éÒ»ÏÂÎÒÃDzåÈëµÄÊý¾Ý£¬Ã»ÓÐÎÊÌ⣺ SQL> select *from testforraw; ID ---------- 100 ÎÒÃǼì²éÊý¾Ý×ֵ䣬ҲÕýÈ··´Ó³ÁËÕâ¸öеÄÊý¾ÝÎļþ£ HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 15. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ÇÉÓà Rman À´¹ÜÀíÂãÉ豸ÉϵÄÊý¾Ý¿â SQL> L 1* select tablespace_name,file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='RAWTOFS' SQL> / TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME ------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- RAWTOFS /backup/test/datafile/testforraw.dbf > HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 16. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ¿ª·¢ Pro*C/C++¶àÏß³ÌÓ¦Óõķ½·¨ ¿ª·¢ Pro*C/C+ +¶àÏß³ÌÓ¦Óõķ½·¨ wangqis ×÷Õߣº ÕûÀí£º jlandzpa Ò» ±à³Ì²½ÖèÒÔ¼°³ÌÐòÁ÷³Ì . 1) °²×°´íÎó´¦Àí¾ä±ú¡£ 2) ·ÖÅäÔËÐл·¾³¡£ 3) µ÷ÓÃ×Ó³ÌÐò logon()£¬½¨Á¢µ½Ö¸¶¨ÔËÐл·¾³µÄÊý¾Ý¿âÁ¬½Ó¡£ 4) ½¨Á¢Ïß³Ì 1£¬ÓÃÓÚÖ´ÐÐquery()×Ó³ÌÐò£¬¸Ã×Ó³ÌÐòÓÃÓÚ²éѯ£» ½¨Á¢Ïß³Ì 2£¬ÓÃÓÚÖ´ÐÐ modify()×Ó³ÌÐò£¬¸Ã×Ó³ÌÐòÓÃÓÚÐÞ¸Ä±í¡£ 5) µ÷ÓÃ×Ó³ÌÐò logoff()¶Ï¿ªÁ¬½Ó¡£ 6) ÊÍ·ÅΪÔËÐл·¾³Ëù·ÖÅäµÄÄÚ´æ¡£ ¶þ£®¾ßÌå´úÂëʵÏÖ 1. Á¬½Óµ½ Êý¾Ý¿â×Ó³ÌÐò Oracle void logon(sql_context ctx) { EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION; VARCHAR username[20],password[20],server[20]; EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION; EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx; printf("n ÊäÈëÓû§Ãû£º"); gets(username.arr); username.len = (unsigned short)strlen((char *) username.arr); printf("n ÊäÈë¿ÚÁ "); gets(password.arr); password.len = (unsigned short)strlen((char *) password.arr); printf("n ÊäÈë·þÎñÃû£º "); gets(server.arr); server.len = (unsigned short)strlen((char *) server.arr); EXEC SQL CONNECT :username IDENTIFIED BY <img src="images/smilies/tongue.gif" border="0" alt="">assword USING :server; printf("n ÒÔÓû§ %s ³É¹¦µØÁ¬½Óµ½ÁË·þÎñÆ÷ %s ÉÏ£¡ n", username.arr,server.arr); } 2£®¶Ï¿ªÊý¾Ý¿âÁ¬½Ó×Ó³ÌÐò¡£ Void logoff(sql_context ctx) { EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx; EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE; } 3£®´íÎó´¦Àí×Ó³ÌÐò¡£ void sql_ error(struct sqlca sqlca) { HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 17. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ¿ª·¢ Pro*C/C++¶àÏß³ÌÓ¦Óõķ½·¨ if (sqlca.sqlcode < 0) printf("n%.*snn",sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrml,sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc); exit(1); } 4£®¸üÐÂ×Ó³ÌÐò * ¸üÐÂÎÄÕ´úÂë±íÖÐ TYPE ÖеÄÎÄÕÂÄÚÈÝ¡£ void modify(parameters *param) { struct sqlca sqlca; sql_context ctx; ctx=param->ctx; EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sql_error(sqlca); EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx; EXEC SQL UPDATE type SET type_remark='¿Æѧ ' WHERE type_code='AA'; EXEC SQL COMMIT; } / HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 18. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ½«²éѯ½á¹ûÁ¬½Ó³É±íµÄ¼¸¸ö·½·¨ ½«²éѯ½á¹ûÁ¬½Ó³ÉÁбíµÄ¼¸¸ö·½·¨ : oldwain ×÷Õß ÎÒÃÇÔÚʵ¼Ê¿ª·¢¹ý³ÌÖУ¬¾-³£ÐèÒª½«Ò»¸ö²éѯµÄ½á¹ûÁ Èç˵½«Ò»¸ö²¿Ãż°ÆäËùÓÐÔ±¹¤ÁÐÔÚÒ»ÐÐÏÔʾ¡£ ±¾ÎĽéÉÜÁË´Ó×î¼òµ¥µ½×îͨÓõļ¸ÖÖ·½·¨À´´ïµ½ÕâÒ»Ä ¡£ 1. ÒÑÖªÁеÄÈ¡Öµ·¶Î§ ±ÈÈç˵ £¬ÐÒÔϲúÆ·±í 3 ÖÖÑÕÉ« B-BLACK, W -WHITE)£º Ó £¬¿ÖÖ²úÆ·Ö»ÓÐ Ã (R-RED, scott@ORCL> DESC PROD Ãû³Æ ¿Õ ? ÀàÐÍ ----------------------------------------- -------- -------------- PRODNAME VARCHAR2(20) COLOR VARCHAR2(1) scott@ORCL> SELECT * FROM PROD; PRODNAME C -------------------- -- CAR R CAR B CAR W MOTOR W MOTOR B ÎÒÃÇÏ£ÍûÁгöÿÖÖ²úÆ·¶¼ÓÐÄÄЩÑÕÉ« ¡£ ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ ʹÓà , Ö»Òª¼òµ¥µÄ decode()º¯Êý¼´¿É . ÏÂÃæÊÇ´úÂë¼°ÏàÓ¦µÄÔËÐнá¹û script ¡£ scott@ORCL> COLUMN COLORS FORMAT A10 scott@ORCL >select PRODNAME, 2 max(decode( COLOR, 'B', COLOR, null )) || 3 max(decode( COLOR, 'W', COLOR, null )) || 4 max(decode( COLOR, 'R', COLOR, null )) COLORS 5 from PROD 6 group by PRODNAME 7 / PRODNAME COL -------------------- --- CAR BWR MOTOR BW HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 19. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ½«²éѯ½á¹ûÁ¬½Ó³É±íµÄ¼¸¸ö·½·¨ 2.¾²Ì¬ SQL ÕâÖÖ·½·¨ÊʺÏÓÚÁеÄÈ¡Öµ²»ÄÜÔ¤Öª£ÓÉÓÚʹÓþ²Ì¬ sql£¬ Ïà¶Ô·½·¨ 3 À´Ëµ±È½Ï¼òµ¥£¬ ¬ ²»¹ý¸Ãº¯ÊýÖ»ÄÜÓÃÓÚÌض¨µÄ±í¡£ ʾÀýËùÓÃµÄ±í¼°Êý¾ÝʹÓà oracle Ëæ»ú ±í demo emp¡£ ×¢Òâ varchar2 µÄ³¤¶ÈÏÞÖÆ£¬ÁеÄÈ¡ÖµµÄ×ܳ¤¶ÈÊÇÓÐÏÞÖÆ : ÊÜ 3 ÖÐÒ²ÓРͬÑùµÄÎÊÌâ¡£ ÏÂÃæÊǺ¯Êý¼°ÆäÔËÐнá¹û£º create or replace function list_func1( p_dept in varchar2 ) return varchar2 is l_str varchar2(4000) default null; l_sep varchar2(2) default null; begin for x in ( select empno from emp where deptno = p_dept ) loop l_str := l_str || l_sep || to_char(x.empno); l_sep := ', '; end loop; return l_str; end; / scott@ORCL> column emplist format a60 scott@ORCL> select deptno, emplist1(deptno) emplist 2 from emp 3 group by deptno 4 / DEPTNO EMPLIST ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 10 7782, 7839, 7934 20 7369, 7566, 7788, 7876, 7902 30 7499, 7521, 7654, 7698, 7844, 7900 scott@ORCL> 3.¶¯Ì¬ SQL ÕâÖÖ·½·¨ÓÉÓÚʹÓö¯Ì¬ sql£¬Ïà¶ÔÀ´Ëµ±È½Ï¸´ÔÓ£¬µ«Óë´Ëͬʱ£¬Ë 2 À´Ëµ ¹¦ÄÜ´ó´óÔöÇ¿£º Ëü¿ÉÒÔÓÃÓÚÈÎÒâ±í£¬²¢¿ÉÒÔÁ¬½Ó±íÖеÄÈÎÒâÁ º¯Êý´úÂ룺 create or replace function list_func2( p_key_name in varchar2, p_key_val in varchar2, HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 20. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ½«²éѯ½á¹ûÁ¬½Ó³É±íµÄ¼¸¸ö·½·¨ p_other_col_name in varchar2, p_tname in varchar2 ) return varchar2 as type rc is ref cursor; l_str varchar2(4000); l_sep varchar2(2); l_val varchar2(4000); l_cur rc; begin open l_cur for 'select '||p_other_col_ name||' from '|| p_tname || ' where ' || p_key_name || ' = :x ' using p_key_val; loop fetch l_cur into l_val; exit when l_cur%notfound; l_str := l_str || l_sep || l_val; l_sep := ', '; end loop; close l_cur; return l_str; end; / ²ÎÊý˵Ã÷£º p_key_name¡ª¡ª ²éѯÒÀ¾ÝµÄÁÐÃû p_key_val¡ª¡ª²éѯÒÀ¾ÝµÄÁÐÃûËù¶ÔÓ¦µÄÁÐÖµ p_other_col_name¡ª¡ª ÒªÁ¬½Ó³ÉÁбíµÄÁÐÃû p_tname¡ª¡ª ±íÃû ÏÂÃæÊÇÔËÐнá¹û£º scott@ORCL> column emplist format a60 scott@ORCL> select DEPTNO, 2 list_func2('DEPTNO', DEPTNO, 'EMPNO', 'EMP') emplist 3 from emp 4 group by deptno 5 / DEPTNO EMPLIST ---------- -------------------------------------------------- 10 7782, 7839, 7934 20 7369, 7566, 7788, 7876, 7902 HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 21. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ½«²éѯ½á¹ûÁ¬½Ó³É±íµÄ¼¸¸ö·½·¨ 30 7499, 7521, 7654, 7698, 7844, 7900 scott@ORCL> HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 22. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ¼¸¸ö³£Óýű¾ ¼¸¸ö³£Óýű¾ ×÷Õߣº ÕûÀí£º sean jlandzpa ÊÕµ½µÚÒ»ÆÚ µç×Ó¿¯Î¾õµÃºÜºÃ£¬Ò»¶¨»á¶Ô´ó¼ÒÓкܶà IT PUB µÄ script¡·Ò»ÎĵÄÆô·¢£¬ÎÒÏë°Ñ×Ô¼º¾õµÃ±È½ÏÓÐÓõļ¸¸ö script ¹±Ï׳öÀ´£¬ºÍ´ó¼Ò¹²Ïí¡ Ò»¡¢´´½¨Óû§Êý¾Ý×ÖµäµÄ½Å±¾ ÎļþÃû LCOLUMN7.SQL BREAK ON TABLE_NAME SKIP 1 SET LONG 180 SET LINE 255 SET ARRAY 10 SET PAGES 50000 COLUMN TABLE_NAME HEADING TABLENAME FORMAT A30 COLUMN COLUMN_ID HEADING CID FORMAT 999 COLUMN NULLABLE HEADING NULLABLE COLUMN COLUMN_NAME HEADING COLUMNNAME FORMAT A30 COLUMN DATA_TYPE HEADING DATATYPE FORMAT 999 COLUMN DATA_LENGTH HEADING D_L FORMAT 9999 COLUMN DATA_PRECISION HEADING D_P FORMAT 99 COLUMN DATA_SCALE HEADING D_S FORMAT 99 COLUMN COL_COMMENT HEADING C_COMMENT FORMAT A150 SPOOL c:LSTSLCOLUMN7.LST Select substr(o.name,1,30) TABLE_NAME, c.col# COLUMN_ID, decode(sign(c.null$),-1,'D', 0, 'Y', 'N') NULLABLE, substr(c.name,1,30) COLUMN_NAME, decode(c.type#, 1, 'VARCHAR2', 2, decode(c.scale, null, decode(c.precision, null, 'NUMBER', 'FLOAT'), 'NUMBER'), 8, 'LONG', 9, 'VARCHAR', 12, 'DATE', 23, 'RAW', 24, 'LONG RAW', 69, 'ROWID',96,'CHAR', 105, 'MLSLABEL', 106, 'MLSLABEL', 'UNDEFINED') DATA_TYPE, c.length DATA_LENGTH, c.precision DATA_PRECISION, c.scale DATA_SCALE, substr(co.comment$,1,150) COL_COMMENT from sys.col$ c, sys.obj$ o, sys.com$ co where o.obj# = c.obj# and o.owner# = userenv('SCHEMAID') HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 23. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ¼¸¸ö³£Óýű¾ and c.obj# = co.obj#(+) and c.col# = co.col#(+) and o.type in (1,2,3,4,5) order by o.type,o.name,c.col#; SPOOL OFF ÒÔÉÏÊÇÕë¶Ô 7.3 ·þÎñÆ÷µÄ½Å±¾£¬Èç¹ûÊÇ 8 °æ±¾µÄ·þÎñÆ÷ÒªÉÔ×÷Ð޸ģ È COLUMN8.SQL£º ¬ ç BREAK ON TABLE_NAME SKIP 1 SET LONG 180 SET LINE 255 SET ARRAY 10 SET PAGES 50000 COLUMN TABLE_NAME HEADING TABLENAME FORMAT A30 COLUMN COLUMN_ID HEADING CID FORMAT 999 COLUMN NULLABLE HEADING NULLABLE COLUMN COLUMN_NAME HEADING COLUMNNAME FORMAT A30 COLUMN DATA_TYPE HEADING DATATYPE FORMAT 999 COLUMN DATA_LENGTH HEADING D_L FORMAT 9999 COLUMN DATA_PRECISION HEADING D_P FORMAT 99 COLUMN DATA_SCALE HEADING D_S FORMAT 99 COLUMN COL_COMMENT HEADING C_COMMENT FORMAT A150 SPOOL c:LSTSLCOLUMN8.LST select substr(o.name,1,30) TABLE_NAME, c.col# COLUMN_ID, decode(sign(c.null$),-1,'D', 0, 'Y', 'N') NULLABLE, substr(c.name,1,30) COLUMN_NAME, decode(c.type#, 1, 'VARCHAR2', 2, decode(c.scale, null, decode(c.precision#, null, 'NUMBER', 'FLOAT'), 'NUMBER'), 8, 'LONG', 9, 'VARCHAR', 12, 'DATE', 23, 'RAW', 24, 'LONG RAW', 69, 'ROWID',96,'CHAR', 105, 'MLSLABEL', 106, 'MLSLABEL', 'UNDEFINED') DATA_TYPE, c.length DATA_LENGTH, c.precision# DATA_PRECISION, c.scale DATA_SCALE, substr(co.comment$,1,150) COL_COMMENT from sys.col$ c, sys.obj$ o, sys.com$ co where o.obj# = c.obj# and o.owner# = userenv('SCHEMAID') and c.obj# = co.obj#(+) HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 24. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ¼¸¸ö³£Óýű¾ and c.col# = co.col#(+) and o.type# in (1,2,3,4,5) order by o.type#,o.name,c.col#; SPOOL OFF ¶þ¡¢È¡µÃ±í£¨ÁУ©×¢ÊÍ£¬²¢Éú³ÉÖؽ¨½Å±¾µÄ½Å±¾ Èç¹ûÔÚΪÓû§¿ª·¢Ò»¸öÓ¦Ó㬿ªÊ¼Îĵµ²»½¡È«£¨Êµ¼ ¸øÆäËûÓû§£¬²¢Ö𽥹淶ÆðÀ´µÄ»°¾ÍÓÐÓÃÁË¡£ 1.È¡µÃ±í×¢ÊÍ COMMGETT.SQL SET LONG 180 SET LINE 255 SET ARRAY 20 SET PAGES 0 SET FEED OFF SPOOL C:LSTSCOMMSETT.SQL SELECT 'SPOOL COMMSETT.ERR' FROM DUAL; SELECT 'COMMENT ON TABLE', TABLE_NAME, 'IS', '''', SUBSTR(COMMENTS,1,150), '''', ';' FROM USER_TAB_COMMENTS WHERE TABLE_TYPE='TABLE' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME; SELECT 'SPOOL OFF' FROM DUAL; SPOOL OFF 2.È¡µÃÁÐ×¢ÊÍ COMMGETC.SQL SET LONG 180 SET LINE 255 SET ARRAY 20 SET PAGES 0 SET FEED OFF SPOOL C:LSTSCOMMSETC.SQL SELECT 'SPOOL COMMSETC.ERR' FROM DUAL; SELECT 'COMMENT ON COLUMN', LPAD(SUBSTR(A.TNAME,1,30),30), '.', SUBSTR(A.CNAME,1,30), 'IS', HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 25. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ¼¸¸ö³£Óýű¾ '''', SUBSTR(A.REMARKS,1,150), '''', ';' FROM COL A, TAB B WHERE A.TNAME=B.TNAME AND B.TABTYPE='TABLE' ORDER BY A.TNAME,A.CNAME; SELECT 'SPOOL OFF' FROM DUAL; SPOOL OFF Èý¡¢Öؽ¨Óû§Ë÷ÒýµÄ½Å±¾ INDXGET7.SQL SPOOL C:LSTSINDXCRA.SQL Select 'create '|| decode(rtrim(i.uniqueness),'UNIQUE','unique index ','index ')|| rtrim(i.index_name)|| ' on '|| rtrim(decode(i.table_owner,user,'',table_owner||'.'))|| rtrim(i.table_name)|| '('|| max(decode(c.column_position,1,rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,2,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,3,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,4,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,5,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,6,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,7,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,8,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,9,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| max(decode(c.column_position,10,','||rtrim(c.column_name),null))|| ');' from user_indexes i, user_ind_columns c where i.index_name = c.index_name group by i.index_name,i.table_owner,i.table_name,i.uniqueness; SPOOL OFF ËÄ¡¢Öؽ¨Óû§Í¬Òå´ÊµÄ½Å±¾ SYNOGET7.SQL SPOOL C:LSTSSYNOCRA.SQL Select 'create synonym '||synonym_name||' for '|| decode(table_owner,user,'',table_owner||'.')||table_name||';' from user_synonyms; HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 26. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ ¼¸¸ö³£Óýű¾ SPOOL OFF Îå¡¢ÁгöÓû§ËùÓÐ±í¡¢ÊÓͼ¡¢ÐòÁнű¾ LSTTVS7.SQL set line 30; SET PAGES 0; SPOOL C:LSTSUERTAB.LST; SELECT TNAME FROM TAB WHERE TABTYPE='TABLE'; SPOOL OFF SPOOL C:LSTSUSRVEW.LST; SELECT TNAME FROM TAB WHERE TABTYPE='VIEW'; SPOOL OFF SPOOL C:LSTSUSRSEQ.LST; SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM OBJ WHERE OBJECT_TYPE='SEQUENCE'; SPOOL OFF ÒÔÉÏ£¬Ï£Íû¶Ô IT PUB µÄÐËÍúÓй±Ïס£ SEAN 20020109 seanf@sohu.com HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 27. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Developer2000 ϵÁн²×ùÖ®¶þ Deveoper2000 ϵÁн²×ùÖ®¶þ Developer2000 µÄ°²×°ºÍ¹¹³É ×÷Õß÷ÂíÀï £º Ë Ò» ¼þºÍÈí¼þÐèÇó . Ó² win95,win98 »òÕß winnt(service pack 5 »òÒÔÉÏ ) 128M ÄÚ´æ×ö¿ª·¢£¬Èç¹û runtime »·¾³£¬ÔòÈ¡¾öÓںܶàÒòËØ£¬ IBM ¼°Æä¼æÈÝ»úÉÏ ¶þ . Ïà¹ØÈí¼þ 1. Êý¾Ý¿âÈí¼þ . Oracle8,Oracle8i,ÐèÒª for windows net8 »òÕß personal oracle »òÕß personal oracle lite£¬ÄãÒ²¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý ODBC Á¬½Ó·Ç oracle Êý¾Ý¿â¡£ 2. Web Server ÈçûÄã´òËã°ÑÄãµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐò·¢²¼ÔÚÍøÉÏ ¹ (Èý²ã¼Ü¹¹ )£ÄãÐèÒª°²×°Ò»¸ö ¬ Webserver ×öΪ ¼àÌýÆ÷¡£Èç¹ûÑ¡Ôñ·½±ãµÄ»°£¬Ê¹Óà oracle ×Ô¼º´øµÄ oracle webDB Linstener£¬µ«ÆäËü ÈκÎÒ»¸ö ¶¼ÄÜʹÓáÈç¹ûʹÓà webserver £ OAS(oracle application server),ÔòÐèÒª 4.0.8 ÒÔÉÏ°æ±¾¡£ Èý . ORACLE_HOME µÄÑ¡ÔñÎÊÌâ¡£ (Õâ¸öÎÊÌⱻѯÎÊÁ˷dz£¶à´ÎÁË£¬Õâ¸ö×ö ) Oracle µÄ²úÆ·¶¼±»Éè¼Æµ½Ò»¸ö Oracle_home Ï¡£ °²×° Form Developer ʱ£¬Äã±ØÐëÑ¡ÔñÒ»¸ö Oracle Oracle Home£¬µ«Òª×ñÑ-Èçϼ¸µã£ 1. Form Developer6i ±ØÐë±»°²×°ÔÚÒ»¸öĬÈ쵀 ORACLE_HOME ÖÐ 2. Èç¹û Developer Óë Form Oracle8/8i server ·ÅÔÚһ̨»úÆ÷ÉϵÄʱºò±ØÐë± ²»Í¬µÄ ORACLE_HOME ÖС£ 3. ͬÑù£¬Èç¹û Form Developer Óë ·ÅÔÚͬһ̨»úÆ÷ÉϵÄʱºò±ØÐë± OAS µÄ ORACLE_HOME ÖÐ Èç¹ûÄã´òËã°²×°¼¸¸ö Form Developer£¬Äã±ØÐë×¢ÒâÒÔϼ¸µã£º 1£® Oracle Developer 1.6.1 ºÍ Form Developer 6i ÄÜͬʱװÔÚͬһ¸ö ORACLE_HOME ÖÐ 2£® Oracle Developer 2.1 ºÍ Form Developer 6i ÄÜͬʱװÔÚͬһ¸ö ORACLE_HOME ÖÐ 3£® Oracle Developer 1.6.1 ºÍ Oracle Developer 2.1 ²»ÄÜͬʱװÔÚͬһ¸ö ORACLE_HOME ÖÐ 4£® Form Developer 6.0 ºÍ Form Developer 6i ²»ÄÜͬʱװÔÚͬһ¸ö ORACLE_HOME ÖÐ ËÄ . ¿ª·¢Èí¼þµÄʱºòÊDzÉÓà C/S ¼Ü¹¹»¹ÊÇÈý²ã£¿ ÄãÐèÒª°²×°Á½ÖÖ»·¾³£º 1£® Éè¼Æ»·¾³ 2£® ÔËÐл·¾³ web ÔËÐл·¾³ HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 28. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Developer2000 ϵÁн²×ùÖ®¶þ /·þÎñÆ÷ÔËÐл·¾³ ¿Í»§ Îå . °²×° ÕâÀïÎÒÃǽéÉܵÄÊÇ´Ó ÏÂÔØµÄ Developer6i¸ø´ó¼Ò¼òÂÔ½éÉÜ http://otn.oracle.com Forms Ò»ÏÂÈí¼þµÄ°²×°¡£ Ö´ÐÐ Ï嵀 D2K setup.exe,Èç¹ûÊǵÚÒ»´Î°²×°£¬³öÏÖÈçÏÂÆÁÄ» ÓÉÓÚ English ÔÚÒÔºóµÄ±íÊö¸üΪ·½±ãºÍÇå³þ£¬²»ÖÁÓÚÒýÆðÎó»á£¬ English¡£ °´È·¶¨£¬ÎÒÃǽøÈëÏÂÒ»²½ ÈÃÄãÑ¡ÔñÀïÃæµÄ²úÆ·£¬Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇÐèҪװ Form ¿ª·¢»·¾³µÄ»°£¬ÎÒÃÇÑ¡µÚÒ»Ïî£¬È ÓóÌÐòתÒƵ½ÍøÉÏ£¨Èý²ã½á¹¹£©ÎÒÃÇÒª°²×° Oracle Forms Server£¬¹ØÓÚÈçºÎ°ÑÓ¦ÓóÌÐò× ÒƵ½ÍøÉÏ£¬ÎÒÃÇÏÂÃ潫רÃÅ»®³öÒ»ÕÂ×ö½éÉÜ£¬ÕâÀïÎÒÃÇÑ¡ Oracle Forms Developer¡£ °´ ½øÈëÏÂÒ»²½¡£ OK HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 29. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Developer2000 ϵÁн²×ùÖ®¶þ ÕâÒ»²½Èôó¼ÒÑ¡Ôñ°²×°µÄÀàÐÍ£¬Èç¹ûÄã¶Ô Typical Forms Developer ÖеÄ×é¼þ²»ÊìϤ£¬ÇëÑ¡Ôñ °²×°£¬Èç¹ûÄãÏ붨Öà Forms Developer µÄ»°£¬¶øÄúÓÖ¶Ô ×é¼þÓÖÊìϤµÄ»°£¬ Forms Developer ¿ÉÒÔ½øÐж¨Öã¬ÕâÀïÎÒÃÇÑ¡Óà Typical£¬°´ OK£¬½øÈëÏÂÒ»²½£¬ ÕâÒ»²½ÊÇÈÃÄãÊÇ·ñÊÔÓÃһϠForms Server, ÓÉÓÚÄ¿Ç°ÎÒÃDz»×¼±¸¼Ü¹»Èý²ã½á¹¹ Ôñ £¬°´ NO OK£¬½øÈëÏÂÒ»²½ ÏÂÃæÎÒÃǾͽøÈëÁËÕýʽµÄ°²×°£¬ÔÚÇ°Ãæ»áÌø³ö¼¸¸ö¶Ô»°¿ ÇóµÄһЩÉèÖã¬ÎÒÃǶ¼°´ OK ¼´¿É¡£ ÓàÏµĹ¤×÷¾ÍÊǵȴýµçÄÔ°²×°Íê³É¡£ Ok,Ò»ÇÐ ¸ã¶¨£¬ÏÂÃæµÄÒ»²½¾ÍÊÇÓëÊý¾Ý¿â½¨Á¢Á¬½Ó¡£ HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 30. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Developer2000 ϵÁн²×ùÖ®¶þ µã»÷ Net8 Easy Config£¬´ò¿ªÅäÖô°¿Ú£¬ÈçÏÂͼËùʾ£º Oracle ÔÚÕâÀïÎÒÃÇÊÇÔö¼ÓÒ»¸ö Service Name(ÓÖ½ÐÊý¾Ý¿â±ðÃû )£¬ËùÒÔÑ¡ Service£¬Ãû³ÆÎÒ Add New ÃǶ¨Îª server£¬°´ ½øÈëÏÂÒ»²½ next HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 31. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Developer2000 ϵÁн²×ùÖ®¶þ ÔÚÕâÀïÑ¡Ôñͨ¹ýÄÄÖÖÍøÂçÐ-ÒéÓëÊý¾Ý¿â·þÎñÆ÷½øÐÐͨѶ¡£µ±È»ÕâÖÖÐ-Òéͨ³£ÒªÏÈ°²×°º ÀïÎÒÃÇÑ¡Ôñ×î³£ÓÃµÄ Ð-Òé¡£ TCP/IP ÏÂÃæÌîÈëÊý¾Ý¿âËùÔÚ·þÎñÆ÷µÄ IP µØÖ·ºÍͨѶ¶Ë¿Ú£¨ Oracle ĬÈϵÄΪ 1521£© ÕâÀïÎÒÃǶ¨ÒåÒªÁ¬½ÓµÄÿһ¸ö oracle Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ SID £¬ SID È·¶¨Ò»¸ö oracle Êý¾Ý¿âʵÀý¡£ ORCL ÊÇĬÈÏÖµ£¬ÓÉÓÚ×÷ÕßÕâÀïʹÓõÄÊý¾Ý¿âÊÇÁíÍâµÄÃû³Æ£¬Ë µã next£¬½øÈë²âÊÔÒ³Ã棬Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇ·ÅÐĵĻ°£¬Ö±½Ó°´ next ºó Finished Íê³ÉÉèÖᣠÈç¹ûÐèÒª²âÊԵĻ°£¬µã»÷ test£¬ÊäÈëÊý¾Ý¿âÓû§ÃûºÍÃÜÂ룬½øÐÐÁ¬½Ó²â ºóÐ޸ġ£ Ok,Ò»Ì× Developer ÒѾ-°²×°ºÃÁË¡£ Form ´ó¼Ò¿ÉÒÔ¼ÌÐø°²×°Ò»Ì× Report Developer£¬ÓÃÀ´ÖÆ×÷±¨±íµÄ¹¤¾ß¡£¨ÏµÁн²×ù Form £ ÉÏ£¬ ½«ÔÚ ½²×ùÍêÁ˺óд£© Report Form £¨°²×°Íê³Éºó oracle Developer µÄ´ó²¿·Ö×é¼þÒѾ-°²×°ÉÏÁË£© Áù . ˵˵ developer oracle ʵ¼ÊÉÏÎÒÃÇËù˵µÄ°æ±¾Ó¦¸ÃÊÇ Oracle Developer 6i£¬«ÎªÁËÑØÓôó¼ÒµÄÏ°¹ß µ £¬¹ÊdzÆΪ » HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 32. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Developer2000 ϵÁн²×ùÖ®¶þ Developer2000 Ëü°üº¬ÈçÏÂ×é¼þ £º ¡ñ Project Builder£ºÉÒÔ·½±ãµÄ°ïÖúÄãÔÚÕû¸öÈí¼þµÄ¿ª ¿ ·¢ÖÜÆÚÖй¤×÷¡£¿ÉÒÔÀûÓÃËûµ ·Ç³£ÈÝÒ׵ĽøÈëÕû¸öÏîÄ¿µÄÎļþ²¢¶ÔËüÃǵĸı䡣¿ÉÒÔ× Ðò¡£ÀûÓÃÕâ¸ö¹¤¾ß¶ÔÄãÉú³ÉµÄÏîÄ¿´ò°ü £¬²×°µ½ÆäËü»úÆ÷ÉÏ¡£ ° ¡ñ Builder£ºâÌ×¹¤¾ßÄÜ°ïÖú´ó¼ÒÉú³ÉÍêÉƵĽ»»¥Ê½µÄÓ¦Óó Form Õ Form Builder ÄÜͨ¹ý Îı¾£¬Í¼ÐÎÓû§½çÃ棬ͼÐÎÕ¹ÏÖÐÅÏ¢¡£ÓÐÏòµ¼ÄÜ°ïÖú´ó¼Ò Form Builder Ç¿´óµÄÌØÐÔÌá¸ßÓ¦ÓóÌÐòµÄÏÔʾºÍ¹¦ÄÜ¡£ ¡ñ Report Builder£ºâ¸ö¹¤¾ßÄÜ°ïÖúÄã·Ç³£·½±ãµÄÉú³ÉÇ¿´óµÄ±¨±í Õ £¬ ¡ñ Graphics Builder£ºâ¸ö¹¤¾ßÄÜ°ïÖú´ó¼ÒÉú³É¸÷ÖÖͼ±í Õ ¡ñ Schema Builder£ºÉÓÃͼÐÎÓû§·½Ê½Éú³ÉÓû§¶ÔÏóºÍËüÃǵĹØϵ ² ¡ñ Query Builder£º¹ÓÃ Ê ReportBuilder µÄʱºòʹÓà £¬¼ÐÎÓû§½çÃæ¿ÉÒÔ·½±ãµÄ´ÓÊý Í µÃËùÒªµÄÊý¾Ý¡£ ¡ñ Procedure Builder£ºÚ Ô Form,Report,Graphics Öо-³£Óõ½ £¬ÃÀ´Éú³ÉÐ޸ijÌÐòµ¥Ôª¡£ Ó ¡ñ Translation Builder£ºÜÀíÓ¦ÓóÌÐò½Ó¿ÚµÄÎı¾×ª»» ¹ £¬ÉÒÔÀûÓÃÕâ¸ö¹¤¾ßת»»Ó¦Óó ¿ ¶à¸öÓïÑÔ £¡ ÏÂÒ»½²ÎÒÃǽ«Õýʽ½øÈë Developer2000 µÄ±à³ÌÊÀ½ç¡£ ½²Êö Developer Êý¾Ý¿é Form £¬ Frame ºÍ item¡£ Text HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 33. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 Åàѵ£º001 Lesson 1-10 : easyfree ×÷Õß Lession1 Selecting Rows * RELATIONSHIPS Solid Line = Must Be Dashed Line = May Be Single Line = One and Only One Crow's foot = One or More UID = # Secondary UID = ( # ) Mandatory attribute = ( * ) Optional Attribute = ( o ) * An SQL command is entered at the SQL prompt, and subsequent lines are numbered. This is called the SQL buffer. £-¿ÉÓжà¸ö plus Óï¾ä buffer ´æÖü * Only one statement can be current at any time within the buffer, and the statement can be executed in a number of ways: (Öصã ) Place a semicolon at the end of last clause. Place a semicolon or slash on the last line in the buffer. Place a slash at the SQL prompt. Issue a SQL*Plus RUN command at the SQL prompt. * Character and date column headings and data are left-justified within a column and numbers are right-justified. Character and date column headings may be truncated, but number headings may not be truncated. The column labels appear in uppercase by default. You can override the column label display with an alias. £¨Øµã Ö £¬×¢Ò⣺½öÊý×ÖÊÇÓÒ¶Ô µÄ£¬¶øÇÒ±£ÁôÍêÕûµÄ heading£© * SQL*Plus ignores blank spaces before and after the arithmetic operator. * By default, alias headings will be forced to uppercase and cannot contain blank spaces and special characters (such as # or $), unless the alias is enclosed in double quotation marks (“ ). ” * You can include the AS keyword before the alias name to comply with ANSI SQL 92 standards. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 34. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 * ¹ØÓÚ±ðÃûµÄʹÓ㨠Öص㠣£ ©º 1. Ò»µ©ÔÚ Öж¨ÒåÁ˱í±ðÃû£¬ÔòÔÚÕû¸ö WHERE SELECT Óï¾äÖв»ÄÜÔÙʹÓñíÔ-Ãû 2. where,group by ×Ó¾äÖпÉÒÔʹÓñí±ðÃû£¬µ«²»ÄÜʹÓÃÁбðÃû 3. order by ×Ó¾äÖпÉÒÔʹÓÃÁбðÃû £¬µ«²»ÄÜÓбíÃûǰ׺£¬²»ÄÜʹÓ㺱 .ÁбðÃû£¬ µ«¿ÉÒÔʹÓ㺱í±ðÃû .ÁÐÔ-Ãû 4. ±í±ðÃû¿ÉÒÔÓëÁбðÃûÏàͬ * A literal is any character, expression, or number included in the SELECT list that is not a column name or a column alias. --¿ÉÒÔÀí½âΪ³ýÁË×Ö¶ÎÃû£¨°üÀ¨±ðÃû£© ·û¡¢Êý×Ö¡¢±í´ïʽ£© * Currently, Oracle treats a character value with length of zero as null. However, this may not continue to be true in future versions of Oracle. -- 8i Öл¹Ã»Óиı䣬 ''ÈÔÈ»ÊÓΪ null ´¦Àí * You can use the NVL function to convert any datatype, but the return value is always the same as the datatype of expr1. -- ³ý·Ç¿ÉÒÔÒþº¬×Ô¶¯×ª»»µÄÀàÐÍ£¬±ÈÈçÊ * In SQL*Plus, you can display the structure of a table using the DESCRIBE command. The result of the command is to see the column names, datatypes, and whether a column must contain data(null or not null). £¨Øµã Ö £© * You terminate the SQL buffer by either entering one of the terminator characters (semicolon or slash), or pressing [RETURN] twice. You will now see the SQL prompt. (Öصã ) * SQLPLUS Command : 0 text Inserts a line before line 1. * SPO[OL] [filename[.ext]|OFF|OUT] Stores query results in a file, OFF closes the spool file. OUT closes the spool file and sends the file results to the system printer. (Öصã ) * COLUMN ÃüÁ JUS[TIFY] {align} Justifies the column heading (not the data) to be left, center, or right. NOPRI[NT] Hides the column. NUL[L] text Specifies text to be displayed for null values. PRI[NT] Shows the column. TRU[NCATED] Truncates the string at the end of the first line of display. £-Óë wrap ¶ÔÓ¦£¬¸ù¾ÝÁпí½Ø¶Ï HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 35. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 WRA[PPED] Wraps the end of the string to the next line. WOR[D_WRAPPED] Same as WRAPPED, but ensures that words do not split. £-ÔÚÖÐÎÄ ×Ö·û¼¯ÏµĴ¦Àí£¬Ò²ÊÇÒÔ¿Õ¸ñÇø·Ö L Represents local currency. L9999 £-Óë nls_currency µÄÉ趨 Ïà¹Ø * COL[UMN] column Displays the current settings for the specified column. COL[UMN] Displays the current settings for all columns. COL[UMN] column CLE[AR] Clears the settings for the specified column. CLE[AR] COL[UMN] Clears the settings for all columns. * The selection capability in SQL allows you to choose rows in a table to be returned by a query. You can restrict the rows returned by selection using various criteria. The projection capability in SQL allows you to choose columns in a table to be returned by a query. You can control the number of columns returned by a query. Selection is often considered horizontal partitioning, and projection is often considered vertical partitioning. ? SQL commands are not case sensitive, unless indicated. Lession2 Limiting Selected Rows * ORDER BY clause is last in SELECT command. £-£¨£© Öصã * If no ORDER BY clause, the Oracle7 Server may not fetch rows in the same order for the same query twice. --ÓëÊý¾Ý´æÖüµÄ±ä»¯ÓÐ¹Ø * ASC orders the rows in ascending order. This is the default order. * In Oracle7, null values are displayed last for ascending sequences and first for descending sequences. -- 8i ÒÀÈ»ÊÇÕâ¸öÔ-Ôò£¨ Öص㠣© * You can order by position to save time. -- ûÓвâÊÔ¹ý°´Î»Öà order by ÊÇ·ñ¿ÉÒÔ½ÚÊ¡ÔË ÐÐʱ¼ä£¿ * Sort by position is especially useful when sorting by a long expression. Rather than typing the expression again. £-±ðÃûÒ²¿ÉÒÔ½â¾öÎÊÌâ * You can order by columns that are not in the SELECT list. --×¢ÒâÀýÍâÇé¿öÊÇ£ºÔÚ SELECT ÖÐʹÓÃÁË ºÍ×麯Êý DISTINCT £¨Øµã Ö £© * Conditions consist of the following: - Column name,expression,constant HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 36. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 - Comparison operator - Literal * ...WHERE expr operator value : the expr cannot be an alias. £-²Î¼û µÄ¹ØÓÚ Lession1 ±ðÃûµÄÏÞÖÆ˵Ã÷ * SQL Operator Precedence ÓÅÏÈ´ÎÐòÖص㠣-£¨£© 1. Õý¸º- + 2. ³Ë³ý/ * 3. ¼Ó¼õ- || + 4. All comparison operators ±È½ÏÔËËã·û£º <> BETWEEN...AND... IN(list) = < <= > >= LIKE is(not) null 5. NOT 6. AND Âß¼-ÔËËã·û 7. OR * = NULL that an error is not raised, the result is simply always FALSE. * It may be faster and easier to eliminate rather than include. £- ?Åųý±È°üÀ¨Ëٶȿì ?Ðè Òª²âÊÔ * Search conditions can contain either literal characters or numbers. * The % and _ symbols may be used in any combination with literal characters. * When you need to have an exact match for the actual “ and “ characters, use the %” _” ESCAPE option. This option specifies what the ESCAPE character is. ? ÎÞ ORDER BY ʱ ORACLE ȱʡÓÃʲôÑùµÄ˳ÐòÏÔʾÊý¾Ý£¿ ROWID? Lession3 Single Row Functions * Functions are a very powerful feature of SQL and can be used to Perform calculations on data. Modify individual data items. Manipulate output for groups of rows. Alter date formats for display. Convert column datatypes. * An argument may be one of the following: A user-supplied constant A variable value A column name HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 37. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 An expression * Features of Single Row Functions They may expect one or more user arguments. You can nest them. You can use them in SELECT, WHERE, and ORDER BY clauses. --Ϊʲô²»Ð´£º group by? * Lower(),Upper(): Converts alpha character INITCAP(): Converts alpha character values to uppercase for the first letter of each word, all other letters in lowercase. CONCAT(): ͬ|| SUBSTR(column|expression,m[,n]): m ²»ÄÜȱʡ£¬ end, n=0 ·µØ n ȱʡΪµ½ » null NVL(column|expression1,column|expression2)£º exp1 ºÍ exp2 ±ØÐëͬÀàÐÍ£¬»òÕß¿ÉÒ Òþº¬×ª»» ROUND(column|expression,n)£º 0 »ò ²»Ö¸¶¨£¬Ôò n£½ n round µ½ÕûÊýλ£» n Ϊ¸ºÊý£¬Ôò ´ÓСÊýµãÆðÏò×ó±ß date at midnight. round£» Round the TRUNC(column|expression,n)£º 0 »ò ²»Ö¸¶¨£¬Ôò n£½ n round µ½ÕûÊýλ£» n Ϊ¸ºÊý£¬Ôò ´ÓСÊýµãÆðÏò×ó±ß n λ trunc Ϊ0 NEXT_DAY(date,‘ )£º char’ Finds the date of the next specified day of the week (‘ ) char’ following date. char may be a number representing a day or a character string. (char ÔÚÓ¢ÎÄ×Ö·û¼¯Ï£¬ÓÃÈýλ±íʾ¼´¿É£¬È mon, char ÊÇ ºÍ×Ö·û¼¯Ïà¹ØµÄ£¿ÔÚÖÐÎÄ×Ö·û¼¯Ï¾ßÌåµÄ char ¸ñʽÈçºÎÑ°ÕÒ£¿ ) * Oracle stores dates in an internal numberic format. - Century, year, month, day,hours, minutes, seconds. * Default date display is DD-MON-YY. – ÓëCharacterSet ÉèÖÃÓйأ¬ nls_data_format, nls_date_language * Valid Oracle dates are between January 1, 4712 B.C. and December 31, 4712 A.D. --Oracle8i Öв»ÖªÊÇ·ñ¸ü¸ÄÁË ? * The DUAL table is owned by the user SYS and may be accessed by all users. It contains one column, DUMMY, and one row with the value “X” HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 38. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 * Add hours to a date by dividing the number of hours by 24. £-°´ÌìµÄ·½Ê½Ôö¼õ * ÈÕÆÚÖµ¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó°´×Ö·ûÐÎʽ±È½Ï£¬±ÈÈ磺 WHERE start_date LIKE ’ %1991’ µ±È»ÓÚ ; nls_date_format ÓÐ¹Ø * to_char(date): The names of days and months in the output are automatically padded with blanks. To remove padded blanks or to suppress leading zeros, use the fill mode fm element. The resultant column width is 80 characters by default. (×¢Ò⣺ 8i ÖÐÒѾ-¸Ä±äÁË ²»ÊÇ ) 80 ÁÐ * TO_CHAR() format: MONTH Name of month padded with blanks to length of 9 characters. RM Roman numeral month. DAY Name of day padded with blanks to length of 9 characters. DY Name of day; 3-letter abbreviatio n. Years in dates YYYY or SYYYY Year; S prefixes BC date with -. SCC or CC Century; S prefixes BC date with -. Q Quarter of year. SSSSS Seconds past midnight (0-86399). /., Punctuation is reproduced in the result. “ the ” Quoted string is reproduced in the result. of TH Ordinal number (for example, DDTH for 4TH). SP Spelled-out number (for example, DDSP for FOUR). SPTH or THSP Spelled-out ordinal numbers (for example, DDSPTH for FOURTH). L uses the floating local currency symbol set the NLS_CURRENCY parameter MI Minus signs to right (negative values). 999999MI 1234- PR Parenthesize negative numbers. 999999PR <1234> EEEE Scientific notation (format must specify four Es). 99.999EEEE 1.234E+03 V Multiply by 10 n times (n= no of 9s after V). 9999V99 123400 B Display zero values as blank, not 0. B9999.99 1234.00 FM/fm Fill Mode ɾ³ýÇ°µ¼ 0 ºÍÓұߵĿոñ FX Format Exact ¾«È·Æ¥Åä ORACLE Îĵµ £-²Î¼û * RR available in Oracle7, not Oracle Version 6. * NLS parameters may be added to init.ora file to set default date formats and language names and abbreviations. And you can use the dcl command: "Alter Session" to change it in a session and can change it in register table in Windows system. * The Oracle Server displays a string of pound signs (#) in place of a whole number whose digits exceed the number of digits provided in the format model. * Single row functions can be nested to any depth. Nested functions are evaluated from the innermost level to the outermost level. ¿ÉÒÔǶÌ×ÈÎÒâ²ã´Î£¬Ö´ÐдÎÐò´ÓÄÚ HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 39. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 £¿ÔÚÖÐÎÄ×Ö·û¼¯Ï¾ßÌåµÄ char ¸ñʽÈçºÎÑ°ÕÒ£¿ Lession4 Displaying Data from Multiple Tables * Cartesian Product µÑ¿¨¶ù³Ë»ý * To join tables together, you need a minimum of the number of join conditions summarized as the number of tables minus one. ×îÉÙµÄÁ¬½ÓÌõ¼þÊÇ ÖØ Á¬½Ó±íµÄ¸öÊý£- 1£¨ µã¿¼ÊÔÌâ may not apply if your table has a concatenated primary key, in which £© rule This case more than one column is equired to uniquely identify each row. µ±ÓÐ×éºÏµÄÖ÷¼üʱ£¬ ¸Õ²ÅµÄÔ-Ôò²»ÊÊÓã» * Table aliases help to keep SQL code smaller, therefore using less memory. * Once you use the table alias, you must continue to qualify every column reference with the table alias. ±íÃûºÍ±í±ðÃû²»ÄÜͬʱʹÓã»particular table If a table alias is used for a name in the FROM clause, then that table alias must be substituted for the table name hroughout the SELECT statement. * Table aliases can be up to 30 characters in length. £-Öй涨£¿ 8i * The table alias is only valid for the current SELECT statement. * A NON-EQUIJOIN's relationship is obtained using an operator other than equal (=). £- ²»ÊÇʹÓà =Á¬½ÓµÄ¾ÍÊǷǵÈÖµÁ¬½Ó * Table aliases have been specified for performance reasons, not because of possible ambiguity. * (+) is placed on the “ side” the join that is deficient in information. (the side where of there is no value to join to, or which have no direct match in the other side , But not on both sides. Place the outer join symbol following the name of the table without the matching rows.) * A condition involving an outer join may not use the IN operator or be linked to another condition by the OR operator. * Speed up database access with table ailiases. ? Additional join methods include the following: HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 40. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 Outer joins Self joins Set operators ? update ? ? When writing a SELECT statement that joins tables, precede the column name with the table name for clarity and to enhance database access. Äܹ»Ìá¸ßÓÅ»¯Æ÷µÄʹÓÃô£¿ ? How to code with an outer join on both sides? This is possible with the UNION operator, which is not addressed in this course. Lession5 Group Functions * ORACLE7 ÖÐÓÐ 7 ¸ö×麯Êý£»????? £-ÖÐ 8i * STDDEV() ±ê×¼·½²î£» VARIANCE() ? * COUNT(*)=COUNT(ROWID)=COUNT(1) ͳ¼Æ ºÍÖظ´µÄÖµ£»µ« NULL COUNT(×ֶΠ)ͳ ¼Æ·Ç¿ÕÖµ * MAX(),MIN() ºöÂÔ NULL * ×麯ÊýÖпÉÒÔʹÓÃALL ÊÇȱʡֵ£È磺 A),COUNT(ALL DISTINCTºÍ ALL£¬ COUNT(DISTINCT » A)£» * The datatypes for the arguments may be CHAR, VARCHAR2, NUMBER, or DATE where expr is listed. £- ? ???? 8i ÖÐÊÇ·ñÓб仯 ????? * You can use AVG and SUM functions against columns that store numeric data. You can use MAX and MIN functions for any datatype. * GROUP BY Clause Gidelines Cannot select individual results as well unless the individual column appears in the GROUP BY clause. You cannot use the positional notation or column alias in the GROUP BY clause. By default, rows are sorted by ascending order of the GROUP BY list. You can override this by using the ORDER BY clause. * The ORDER BY clause is always the last clause in a SELECT statement. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 41. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 Lession6 Subqueries * You can place the subquery in a number of SQL command clauses: WHERE clause HAVING clause FROM clause of a SELECT or DELETE statement * Additionally, subqueries can be placed in the CREATE VIEW statement, CREATE TABLE statement, CREATE SNAPSHOT statement, UPDATE clause, INTO clause of an INSERT statement, SET clause of an UPDATE statement. * A subquery executes once before the main query, and may execute multiple times in correlated subqueries. --Ïà¹Ø×Ó²éѯÖÐÖ´Ðжà´Î * Comparison operators fall into two classes: single row (>, =, >=, <, <>, <=) and multiple row (IN, NOT IN) operators. * The subquery generally executes first, and its output is used to complete the query condition for the main or outer query. * Subqueries Guidelines Enclose a subquery within parentheses. Place the subquery after the comparison operator. Do not add an ORDER BY clause to a subquery. You can have only one ORDER BY clause for a SELECT statement, and if specified, it must be the last clause in the main SELECT statement. Must appear on the right side of the operator. * Single row subquery: =, >, <, >=, or <=. One common error with subqueries is more than one row returned for a single row subquery. * Multiple row subqueries: IN * To produce a nonpairwise comparison in a multiple -column subquery, use a WHERE clause with multiple conditions. A nonpairwise comparison produces a cross product. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 42. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 Lession7 Specifying Variable at Runtime * In SQL*PLUS: ACCEPT reads a line of user input and stores it in a variable. DEFINE creates and assigns a value to a variable. * SQL*Plus does not support validation checks on user input. * &user_variable: SQL*Plus discards a new variable once it is used. £-Èç¹ûʹÓà &&£¬ SQLPLUS ½«¼ÇסʹÓÃÁË &&Ö®ºóͬÃû±äÁ¿µÄÖµ * With the single ampersand, the user is prompted every time the command is executed. * Setting SET VERIFY to ON forces SQL*Plus to display the text of a command before and after it replaces substitution variables with values. * ACCEPT variable [datatype][FORMAT][PROMPT text][HIDE] HIDE suppresses what the user enters, for example a password. * Both the ACCEPT and DEFINE commands will create a variable if the variable does not exist; these commands will automatically redefine a variable if it exists. * Use the ACCEPT command to: Give a customized prompt when accepting user input. Otherwise, you will see the default “ Enter value for variable.” Explicitly define a NUMBER or DATE datatype variable. Hide user input for security reasons. * The ECHO variable controls whether START and @ commands list each command in a command file as the command is executed. * To define you wanted variables for every session, modify your login.sql file so that those variables are created at startup. * Reports can accept a maximum of nine parameters that are named from &1 to &9. * SQL*Plus retains report parameters and their values until you redefine them, undefine them, or terminate your SQL*Plus session. * Without the single quotes encl sing the variable value an invalid column name error o occurs. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 43. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 Lession8 Overview of data Modeling and Database Design * System Development Cycle 1. Strategy and Analysis 2. Design 3. Build and Document 4. Transition 5. Production * Entity relationship models are derived from business specifications or narratives. * Component Description ------------------------------------------------------------- Entity A thing of significance about which information needs to be known. Attribute Something that describes or qualifies an entity. Relationship A named association between entities showing optionality or degree. * One-to-one Degree of one and only one in both directions. These types are rare, and may really be the same entity, or an attribute of the entity. Many-to-one Degree of one or more in one direction and a degree of one and only one in the other direction. Very common. Many-to-many Degree of one or more in both directions. Very common. Resolve them with an intersection entity. * First normal form (1NF) All attributes must be single-valued and not repeating. Second normal form (2NF) An attribute must depend upon its entity’ entire s unique identifier. Third normal form (3NF) No non-UID attribute can be dependent upon another non-UID attribute. * Integrity Constraint Type Description ---------------------------------------------------------------- Entity No part of a primary key can be NULL and the value must be unique. Referential Foreign key values must match a primary key or be NULL. Column Values in the column must match the defined datatype. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 44. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 User-defined Values must comply with the business rules. * A primary key consisting of multiple columns is called a composite primary key or a compound primary key. * A foreign key (FK) is a column or combination of columns in one table that refers to a primary key or unique key in the same table or in another table. * Database Design Steps 1. Map the Entities to Tables 2. Map the Attributes to Columns: Map mandatory attributes, tagged with an asterisk (*), to columns defined as NOT NULL (NN). 3. Map the Unique Identifiers to Primary Keys: symbol (#) to primary key columns and label the key type as PK. 4. Map relationship to foreign keys. Lession9 Creating Tables * When create table, you can use $, _, # , number for table name and column name, must start with character (Öصã ) * Tables can have up to 254 columns and must conform to standard database object naming conventions. -- 8i ÖÐûÓÐÏÞÖÆ * A schema is a collection of objects. Schema objects are the logical structures that directly refer to the data in a database. Schema objects include tables, views, synonyms, sequences, stored procedures, indexes, clusters, and database links. * The default value can be a literal, an expression, or SQL function, such as SYSDATE and USER, but the value cannot be the name of another column or a pseudocolumn, such as NEXTVAL or CURRVAL. The default expression must match the datatype of the column. * The basic datatypes are character, number, date, and RAW. --8i ÖÐÔö¼ÓÁË ???? * If not refered, default values are available (38 for NUMBER and 1 for CHAR). * If you do not name your constraint, Oracle7 generates a name with the format SYS_Cn, where n is an integer to create a unique constraint name. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 45. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 * Null values are allowed if the unique key is based on a single column. * UNIQUE indexes are created automatically when you create PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE constraints. * A foreign key that is part of a primary key cannot be a null value because no part of a primary key can be NULL. * FOREIGN KEY: Without the ON DELETE CASCADE option, the row in the parent table cannot be deleted if it is referenced in the chil department. * The CHECK constraint defines a condition that each row must satisfy. The condition can use the same constructs as query conditions, with the following exceptions: References to the CURRVAL, NEXTVAL, LEVEL, or ROWNUM pseudocolumns Calls to SYSDATE, UID, USER, or USERENV functions Queries that refer to other values in other rows * CHECK constraints can be defined at the column-constraint level or table-constraint level. The constraint syntax can apply to any column in the table, not only on the column on which it is defined. --±í¼¶¶¨ÒåCHECK ʱ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¶Ô¶àÁÐ×éºÏ¶¨Ò壬È磺 CHECK (A+B=10) * CTAS = CREATE TABLE AS SELECT The column definition can contain only the column name, default value, and integrity constraints, not the datatype or referential integrity constraint. Only the NOT NULL constraint is inherited from the subquery table to corresponding columns in the new table. * ×¢ÒⶨÒå CONSTRAINTS µÄÓï·¨£¬ÔÚ×ֶ춶¨Òåʱ·ÅÔÚ¡°£¡±Ç°Ã棬 ¬ ×îºóÒ»¸ö×ֶζ¨Òå½áÊøµÄ¡°£¡±ºóÃæºÍ±í¶¨Òå¡°£¡±Ç°Ãæ£ ¬ CONSTRAINTS ÒÔ¡°£¡±·Ö¿ª ¬. © * The ENABLE clause can be used in the ALTER TABLE and CREATE TABLE commands. * The keywords PRIVATE and OR REPLACE are invalid when creating a synonym. Triggers may be enabled using the ENABLE clause in the ALTER TABLE command. * By creating a public synonym for the table owned by user, you have eliminated the need to qualify an object name with its schema name. The CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM statement makes a synonym accessible to all users. -- ¶ÔÓû§×ÔÉíÓµÓÐµÄ±í½¨Á¢Í ʱ£¬ÐèҪȥ³ý SCHEMA ǰ׺ HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 46. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 * In CTAS: The datatypes of the new table need not be defined as Oracle knows what the datatypes of the original table are. The column names do not have to be specified unless they are to be given a different name than is used in the original table. -- ÔÚ CTAS ÖУ¬²» ÒªÖ¸¶¨ÁÐÀàÐÍ£¬³ý·ÇÐèÒª¸ü¸ÄÁÐÃû²ÅÐèÒªÖ¸¶¨ÁÐÃû . The only constraint that is inherited is the NOT NULL constraint. -- ÔÚ CTAS ÖУ¬Ö»ÓÐ Ô¼Êø±»¼Ì³Ð NOT NULL * The size of a table does NOT need to be specified. Lession10 Oracle Data Dictionary * Whenever the database is in operation, the data dictionary is updated and maintained by the Oracle7 Server. All data dictionary tables are owned by the SYS user. * The V$ views are initially accessible to the DBA. They are also special in that they are not stored in disk files, but are based on information constantly held in memory. In order for users to view the V$ tables, the DBA must assign them to the MONITORER role. -- V$ÊÓͼ ÊÇÿ´ÎʵÀýÆô¶¯ºóפÁôÄÚ´æʵÊÂˢеģ¬Ö»Óи³Óè monitorer ½ÇÉ«µÄÓû§²ÅÄÜ·ÃÎÊ V$ÊÓͼ£» * Prefix Description --------------------------------------------------------- USER_ Contains objects owned by the user. For example, views with this prefix allow the user to display information about tables created by the user and privileges granted by the user. ALL_ Accesses objects to which the user has been granted access rights, in addition to objects owned by the user. DBA_ Allows users with the DBA privilege to access any object in the database. V$ Displays database server performance and locking. Initially available only to the DBA. * Several data dictionary views do not use the prefixes listed above. These include synonyms for views with long names. View Name Description ----------------------------------------------------------------- DICTIONARY Lists all data dictionary tables, views, and synonyms. TABLE_PRIVILEGES Grants on objects for which the user is the grantor, grantee, or owner. When role or a PUBLIC is grantee The user has granted. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 47. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Åàѵ£ºLesson 1-10 001 That have been granted to the user. That the user owns. IND Is a synonym for USER_INDEXES. * To view a description of each column in data dictionary tables and views, query the DICT_COLUMNS view. * To view all constraints on your table, you can check the USER_CONSTRAINTS table. * The DICTIONARY view lists all data dictionary views accessible to the user with a brief description of the object in a comment column. You an also reference the synonym for the view, DICT. * Frequently Accessed Data Dic tionary Views DICTIONARY DICT_COLUMNS USER_OBJECTS USER_CONSTRAINTS USER_CONS_COLUMNS * ALL_OBJECTS displays all of the objects to which the user has access to. ALL_COL_PRIVS_MADE displays all of the grants on columns that the user owns or that the user has granted. USER_OBJECTS displays only the objects owned by the user. USER_TABLES displays only the tables owned by the user. USER_VIEWS displays only the views owned by the user. DICTIONARY this view provides descriptions of the data dic tionary tables and views that are accessible to the user. HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
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- 56. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Cloning Oracle Applications,Release 11i Cloning Oracle Applications, Release 11i Kevon zeng Òë Oracle Applications ϵͳµÄ¿Ë¡ÊÇ Oracle Applications ÖØÒªµÄÒ»ÖÖ¼¼Êõ¡£ÓÐÁËËü£ Äܹ»Ñ¸ËÙ¶ÔÔ-ÓеÄÓ¦ÓÃϵͳ´Óһ̨»úÆ÷¸´ÖƵ½ÁíÍâһ̨» Web Server, Form Server & Report Server, Concurrent Manager µÄ·ÖÀ룣¬ÏÂÃæÎҾ͸ù¾Ý © Oracle Metalink ÉÏÃæÌṩµÄ¼¼Êõ°×ƤÊé <<Cloning Oracle Applications, Release 11i>>£¬½áºÏÎÒʵ ¼Ê¹¤×÷µÄ¾-Ñ飬Ϊ´ó¼Ò½éÉÜһϠOracle Applications µÄ¿Ë¡¼¼Êõ£¨ÆäÖÐÀ¨ºÅÄÚÊÇÎÒ ×¢ÊÍ£¡ ©£ Äã¿Ë¡ӦÓÃϵͳ¿ÉÄÜÓжàÖÖÔ-Òò£¬ÏÂÃæ°üº¬¼¸ÖÖÐèÒª¿ ?? ΪÁËÔÚÉú²úϵͳ´ò²¹¶¡Ö®Ç°²âÊÔһϲ¹¶¡µÄ¿ÉÓÃÐÔ£ ÄãÐèÒª ¬ oracle applications ÖУ¬ÒªÇóÖÁÉÙÓвâÊÔºÍÉ ¸úÉú²úϵͳһÑùµÄ²âÊÔϵͳ£¨Ò»°ã£¬ÔÚ ÏµÍ³Á½Ì×ϵͳ£¬´ËÍ⻹¿ÉÒÔÓиö demo ϵͳ£»²âÊÔϵͳµÄºÃ´¦ÊDZ£Ö¤²¹¶¡ Äܹ»Õý³£ ʹÓ㬠applications µÄ´ó²¹¶¡¾-³£·¢Éú´íÎó£¬ËùÒÔ´ò´óµ oracle ÏÈÔÚ²âÊÔϵͳ´ò£¬È»ºó½øÐвâÊÔ£¬±£Ö¤Ã»ÓÐʲô´íÎó£ ?? ¶¨ÆÚ´Ó×î½üµÄÕýʽϵͳ¸üвâÊÔϵͳ£ ´Ó¶ø±£Ö¤²âÊÔÏµÍ³Ó ¬ ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´½â¾öÕýʽϵͳ³öÏÖµÄÎÊÌ⣬ÒòΪÓÐʱΪÁ˽â¾öÎ ?? °ÑÏÖÓеÄϵͳÒÆÖ²µ½ÁíÍâһ̨»úÆ÷ ?? £¨ÎÒ¼ÓÉϵģ©×÷½ÚµãµÄ·ÖÀ루ºÃ´¦£º±ÈÈçΪÁËÈÃÍⲿÓû§Ä CRM ϵͳ£¬¶ø ÄãÓÖ²»Ïë°ÑÄãµÄ internet ÉÏ£ Äã±ØÐë°ÑÄãµÄ Server ERP ϵͳ±©Â¶ÔÚ ¬ Web Server ºÍJava ·ÖÀë³öÀ´£© ÔÚ Oracle Applications 11i °æ±¾ÖУ¬ÓÉÓÚ²ÉÓÃÁé»îºÍ¸ß¼¶µÄ½á¹¹£¨Ê Â𣿣£¬¼òµ¥µÄ¿½±´ËùÓеÄ×é¼þÒѾ-²»ÔÙÊÊÓÃÁË£¨ÔÚ © 11 °æÊÇok µÄ£¡£ÀýÈ磬ÔÚϵͳÖÐÓÐ © ¶àÅäÖÃÎļþÐèÒª»ùÓÚÎļþµÄÎïÀíλÖÃÀ´×ö¸ü¸Ä¡£´ËÍ⣬¿ Rapid Install installation£©ÀûÓà ͨÓð²×°¹¤¾ß£¨ Installer-OUI£©°Ñ°²×°µÄ×¢²áÐÅ Oracle Oracle Universal Ϣдµ½¶þ½øÖƵÄ×¢²áÎļþ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬µ±Äã°Ñϵͳ¿½±´µ½Ä¿± ÊÊÓà еÄϵͳ¡£Ëæºó£¬Ä㽫²»ÄܶԻùÓÚ OUI µÄ×é¼þ´ò²¹¶¡¡£ ¿Ë¡ Applications 11i µÄÍƼö·½·¨°üÀ¨ÔËÐпìËÙ°²×°£¨ Oracle Rapid Install£©£¬¿½±´ÏÖÓÐ µÄÊý¾Ý¿â£¬¿½±´ÏÖÓÐµÄ APPL_TOP£¬¸üÐÂÅäÖÃÐÅÏ¢¡£ÔÚÕâ·Ý°×ƤÊéÖУ¬Òª Դϵͳ£¬Ð´´½¨µÄϵͳ³ÆΪĿ±êϵͳ¡£Õâ·ÝÎĵµ¼ÙÉèÄ㶠DBA µÄÈÎÎñºÍ¿ìËÙ°²×°¶¼ÊìÏ ¿Ë¡ Oracle Applications ÏÂÔز¹¶¡#2115451£¬ÔÚԴϵͳÖдò¸Ã²¹¶¡¡£Õâ¸ö²¹¶¡°üº¬ÁË AD ¿Ë¡¹¤¾ß¡£ÔÚÖ´ÐÐ AD ¿Ë¡³ÌÐò֮ǰ½¨Òé¶ÔԴϵͳµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐòÎļþ PP- ºÍÊý¾Ý¿â×ö±¸·Ý¡£ÎÒÃÇÒ²½¨Òé»Ö¸´ APPS£¬A LSYS ºÍAPPLSYSPUB µÄÃÜÂë»Ö¸´µ½È±Ê¡Öµ£¨Óйظü¸ÄµÄÃÜ APPS,APPLSYS ºÍAPPSYSPUB Â룬¿ÉÒÔʹÓà FNDCPASS À´¸ü¸Ä£¬ÓйØÏêϸ¸ü¸Ä·½·¨£¬Çë²Î¿¼ METALINK£¬È·¼ÇÈç¹û²»Öª µÀÏêϸµÄ²½Ö裬ǧÍò²»ÒªÂҸģ¬·ñÔò»áʹÕû¸öϵͳµÄÓû ×¼±¸Ä¿±êϵͳ ÔÚ×÷¿Ë¡֮ǰ£¬ÏÂÃæµÄ²½Öè±ØÐëÏÈÍê³É£º HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
- 57. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Cloning Oracle Applications,Release 11i 1. ÔËÐÐ Install À´°²×°ÐµÄʵÀý Rapid ʹÓÃÄãÓÃÀ´´´½¨Ô´ÏµÍ³µÄ Rapid Install À´´´½¨ÐµÄʵÀý¡£ÀýÈ磬Èç¹ûÄãÔ- ÊÇ 11.5.2 µÄʵÀýÈ»ºó°²×°ÁË 11.5.3 µÄ maintenance pack£¬ÄãÒªÔËÐÐ 11.5.2 µÄ rapid install£¬ Ñ¡Ôñ¡°Oracle Applications” Install Ñ¡ÏËü½«°²×°ËùÓÐµÄ Oracle Applications ×é¼þ¡£±êʾĿ ±êϵͳµÄÊý¾Ý¿âÃû£¬Ñ¡Ôñ¡° fresh install database” £¬´´½¨ÐµÄÅäÖÃÎļþ£¬ÕâÎļþË ¿Ë¡µÄ¹ý³ÌÖÐÓõ½¡£ ΪÁËÆ¥ÅäԴϵͳ£¬ÏÂÃæµÄÕâЩѡÏî±ØÐëÒª×öÊʵ±µÄÐÞ¸ ?? Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÀàÐÍ£¨ÀýÈ磬Èç¹ûԴϵͳµÄÊý¾Ý¿âÊÇÒ»¸ö Vision demonstration Êý¾Ý¿â£¬Ä¿±ê ϵͳ±ØÐëÒ²ÊÇ£»Èç¹ûԴϵͳµÄÊý¾Ý¿âÊÇȫа²×°£¬Ä¿± ?? »ù´¡ÓïÑÔ£¨ base language£© ?? ȱʡµØÇø ?? APPL_TOP µÄ×Ö·û¼¯ ?? ·þÎñÆ÷½ÚµãµÄÅäÖã¨ÀýÈ磬Èç¹ûÔ´½ÚµãÓÐÁ½¸ö½Úµã£¬Ò»¸ö½Ú Êý¾Ý¿â£»ÁíÍâÒ»¸ö½Úµã°üº¬ forms ºÍ ·þÎñ£¬Ä¿±êϵͳÅäÖñØÐëµÈͬÓÚ web ÆäËûµÄÅäÖõÄÑ¡Ïî¿ÉÒÔ²»Í¬ÓÚԴϵͳ£¨Èç¹ûÔÚһ̨»úÆ È¡µÄ·½·¨ÊǶ˿ںÅÔÚԴϵͳµÄ»ù´¡Éϸ÷¼Ó 20£©£¬ÀýÈ磺 ?? ¶Ë¿ÚºÅ ?? ·þÎñÆ÷Ö÷»úÃû ?? ÓòÃû ?? °²×°µã£¨ÀýÈç /u08£© ?? ²Ù×÷ϵͳ°² ×°Õ˺źÍ×飨ÔÚ×öÕâ֮ǰ£¬±ØÐ뽨Á¢Á½¸ö²Ù×÷ϵͳÓà oracle user£¬Ò»¸öÊÇÓ¦ÓÃÓû§ application user¡£ÎÒµÄ×ö·¨Êdz-Ï®Ô-ÓÐϵͳÖж ÅäÖã© ?? Êý¾Ý¿âÃû Äã¿ÉÒÔÌø¹ý²úÆ·µÄÑ¡ÔñºÍ¸ú¹ú¼ÒÏà¹ØµÄ²½Öè£ ÒòΪËùÓÐ ¬ Êý¾Ý¿âÖУ¨ÒòΪϵͳµÄ¿Ë¡°üÀ¨ÁËÊý¾ÝµÄ¸´ÖÆ£©¡£ Èç¹ûÄã¿Ë¡¶à¸ö½ÚµãµÄÓ¦ÓÃϵͳ£¬Äã±ØÐëÏÈ°²×°Êý¾Ý¿ ±êϵͳµÄ¸÷¸ö½Úµã£¬È»ºóÔËÐÐÔÚ¸÷¸ö½ÚµãÔËÐÐ Rapid Install£¬Ê¹Óá° Read configuration from file¡±µÄ·½Ê½¡£µ±¿Ë¡¶à¸ö½ÚµãµÄϵͳ£¬ÔÚÄãϵͳ¸÷¸ö½Úµã ÓÐ¹Ø Install µÄÏêϸ½éÉÜÇë²ÎÕÕ Applications>>¡£ Rapid << Installing Oracle 2£®ÐÞ¸ÄÓû§µÄÅäÖÃÎļþ£¨Ö»¶Ô 11.5.1 µÄ Unix Óû§£© Èç¹ûÄãʹÓà 11.5.1 ¿Ë¡ӦÓÃϵͳ¶øÇÒÓ¦ÓÃϵͳÊÇÒÔ¶àÓû Rapid Install Äã±ØÐë¸Ä±ä COMMON_TOP ÎļþϵͳµÄ owner(´Óoracle user µ½ Applicatons user£¬¿ÉÒÔʹ ÓÃchown –R)¡£ ¹ØÕԴϵͳºÍÄ¿±êϵͳÓÉ ± oracle user ËùÓµÓеÄËùÓзþÎñ£¨Èç¹ûÄãÒѾ-±à stop.sh ½Å±¾£¬Ö»ÐëÔËÐÐËü¼´¿É£© $ cd <COMMON_TOP>/admin/scripts $ adapcctl.sh stop $ adcmctl.sh <APPS_username>/<APPS_password> stop $ adfmcctl.sh stop HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
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- 59. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Cloning Oracle Applications,Release 11i perl /d02/apps115/TESTappl/ad/11.5.0/bin/adclone.pl -mode=preclone -env_name=TEST -node_name=ap100sun -config_file=/d01/apps115/config.txt -ad_top=/d02/apps115/TESTappl/ad/11.5.0 ²ÎÊýÃèÊöÈçÏ£º Mode£º±íʾÄãʲôʱºòÔËÐÐ script Äã¿ÉÒÔ¶¨Òå preclone »òÕß postclone. env_name£º ORACLE_SID µÄÖµ node_name£ºÄ¿±êϵͳµÄ½ÚµãÃû²»°üÀ¨ÓòÃû config_file£ºÓÉÄ¿±êϵͳ Rapid Install ´´½¨µÄÅäÖÃÎļþµÄȫ·¾¶ ad_top£º AD_TOP µÄȫ·¾¶ ÒÔ preclone µÄģʽÔËÐÐ AD ¿Ë¡¹¤¾ß£¬½«×ö£º ?? ¹Ø±Õµ±Ç°½ÚµãËùÓÐÔËÐеķþÎñ APPL_TOP µÄÅäÖÃÎļþ ?? ±£´æ COMMON_TOP µÄÅäÖÃÎļþ ?? ±£´æ APPL_TOP£¬ ?? ɾ³ý JAVA_TOP ¼° OA_HTML Ŀ¼µÄÎļþ Èç¹ûÄã¿Ë¡һ¸ö¶à½ÚµãµÄÓ¦ÓÃϵͳ£¬ÔÚÄ¿±êϵͳµÄ¸÷¸ preclone µÄ·½Ê½ÔËÐÐ AD ¿Ë¡¹¤¾ß¡£ ÅäÖÃÎļþ°ü´åÔÚ COMMON_TOP/admin/clone£¬ÔÚ¿Ë¡¹ý³ÌÖв»Òª±à¼-ÕâЩΠ4. Éý¼¶Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ ORACLE_HOME£¨¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª£© Èç¹ûÔø¾-°ÑԴϵͳÊý¾Ý¿âµÄ ORACLE_HOME Éý¼¶µ½¸úʹÓà Rapid Install °²×°Ê±µÄ°æ±¾ ²»Ò»Ñùʱ£¬Äã±ØÐëÉý¼¶ÄãÄ¿±êϵͳµÄ 11.5.3 µÄ ORACLE_HOME¡£ÀýÈ磬Èç¹ûÄãʹÓà Rapid Install °²×°µÄԴϵͳ£¬Ô-ÓÐÊý¾Ý¿â°æ±¾ÊÇ Oracle 8.1.6£¬ºóÀ´ÄãÓÖ°ÑÔ-ÓеÄÊý¾Ý¿âÉ Oracle 8.1.7¡£Èç¹ûÕâÑù£¬ÄãÐèÒªÉý¼¶Ä¿±êϵͳµÄÊý¾Ý¿â ORACLE_HOME ȥƥÅäԴϵͳµÄ ORACLE_HOME¡£Ò»µ©Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ Éý¼¶Íê³É£¬ÓÃÐ嵀 ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_HOME µÄ·¾¶ ¸üРInstall ÅäÖÃÎļþµÄ Rapid DBS_ORA816 ²ÎÊý¡£ 5£®É¾³ýÊý¾Ý¿âÎļþ Èç¹ûÄ㽫ʹÓôÓԴϵͳ¿½±´Êý¾Ý¿âÎļþµÄ·½·¨£ ÄÇÃ´Ó Rapid Install ´´½¨µÄÄ¿±êϵͳÊý ¬ ¾Ý¿âÎļþ¾Í¿ÉÒÔɾ³ý¡£É¾³ýÇ°£¬Ê×ÏÈҪʹÓÿØÖƽű¾£¨ addbctl.sh£©À´¹Ø±ÕÄ¿±êϵͳµÄÊý ¿â·þ ÎñÆ÷µÄ½ø³Ì£¬È»ºóɾ³ýÄ¿±êϵͳËùÓÐÊý¾Ý¿âÎļþ£¨ *.dbf£©¡£ 6£®¿½±´Ô´ÏµÍ³µÄÊý¾Ý¿â ´´½¨Ô´ÏµÍ³Êý¾Ý¿âµÄÊý¾ÝÎļþºÍ backup control files online redo log µÄÁÐ±í£¨¿ÉÒÔʹÓà to trace µÄ·½·¨£©¡£ÔÚÕý³£¹Ø±ÕԴϵͳµÄÊý¾Ý¿â£¨ i.e. shutdown normal£©ºÍÖ´ÐжÔԴϵͳÊý ¾Ý¿âµÄÀ䱸·Ýºó£¬Ö´ÐÐÏÂÁв½Ö裺 a)ÒÔoracle user µÇ¼Ŀ±êϵͳ£¬È·±£Ö´ÐÐÁËÕýÈ·ÁË»·¾³Îļþ Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ»·¾³ÎļþλÓÚ Ï£¬ÔÚ <SID>.env£¬ 8.1.7 µÄ ORACLE_HOME unix ÏÂÊÇ NT ÊÇ<SID>.cmd£¨ÀýÈ磬ÔÚ AIX Ï /u08/oracle/proddb/8.1.7/PROD.env£© HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
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- 62. ITPUB µç×ÓÔÓÖ¾ Cloning Oracle Applications,Release 11i 3£®¸üРself-service ²ÎÊý£¨¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª£© Èç¹ûÄãʹÓà IE ä¯ÀÀÆ÷,ͬʱ¸Ä±ä SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN µÄÖµ´Óµ½ÆäËûij¸ö NULL Öµ£¬Ê¹ÓøüРsql*plus self-service ²ÎÊý£º sqlplus <APPS username>/<APPS password> SQL> update ICX_PARAMETERS 2> set SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN = '<domain>’ ; 4£®Îª µÄ java archive ÎļþÇ©Ãû£¨ sign£© Applications 11i ÒªÇóËùÓÐÓÃÔÚ¿Í»§¶ËµÄ java archive Îļþ±ØÐëÊÊÓ¦¿Í»§×¨ÓõÄÊý Ãû¡£Èç¹ûÄãҪʹÓøúԴϵͳÏàͬµÄÊý×ÖÇ©Ãû£¬´ÓԴϵͳ¿ identitydb.obj µ½¿±êϵͳ¡£¸Ã Ä ÎļþλÓÚԴϵͳ Applications default user ÏÂµÄ Ä¿Â¼£¬¿½±´Õâ¸öÎļþµ½Ä¿±êϵ home Applications default user µÄhome Ŀ¼Ï¡£ Èç¹ûÄãÏ£ÍûÄãµÄÄ¿±êϵͳʹÓò»Í¬µÄÊý¾ÝÇ©Ãû£¬¿ÉÒÔ² << Installing Oracle Applications manual>>ÄÚ´´½¨Ö¤ÊéµÄһЩ½¨Òé¡£ ²»¹ÜÄãÑ¡ÔñʹÓÃеĻòÕßÒѾ-´æÔÚµÄÊý¾ÝÖ¤Ê飬ÄãÓ¦¸ AD ¹ÜÀí¹¤¾ß£¨ adadmin£© ÖØвúÉú JAR Îļþ¡£ 5£®ÖØРf60webmx£¨¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª£© relink Èç¹ûÄãµÄϵ ͳÊÇ HP ƽ̨£¬ÄãÐèÒªÖØРrelink f60webmx¡£ÔËÐÐ adadmin£¬´Ó“ Maintain Applications Files” ²Ëµ¥ÉÏÑ¡Ôñ “ Relink Applications programs”£¬ÔËÐÐÍêÖ®ºó£¬ÔËÐÐ 'chatr +s enable f60webmx'½â¾ö¹²Ïí¿â·¾¶ÎÊÌâ¡£ f60webmx λÓÚ FND_TOP/bin Ï¡£ 6£®ÖØРËùÓÐÓ¦ÓóÌÐò¿ÉÖ´ÐÐÎļþ£¨ÍƼö£© relink ʹÓà adadmin À´ÖØРrelink ËùÓ¦ÓóÌÐòµÄ¿ÉÖ´ÐÐÎļþ 7£®»Ö¸´Êý¾Ý¿â±êʾ£¨¶ÔÓÚʹÓà oracle recovery manager Óû§£© Èç¹ûÄã¶Ô Oracle Applications ʹÓÃRMAN£¬Äã±ØÐëÓÃΨһµÄ ID »Ö¸´Êý¾Ý¿âµÄ±êʾ £¨ DBID£©¡£µ±Ä¿±êϵͳµÄÊý¾Ý¿âÎļþÖ±½Ó´ÓԴϵͳ¿½±´Ê±£ µÄDBID¡£ DBID ´æ·ÅÔÚ file£¬ control datafiles,temp files ºÍonline redo log files µÄÍ·ÐÅÏ¢¡£ ΪÁËÔÚÕâЩλÖûָ´ DBID£¬ÒªÖ´ÐÐÏÂÁв½Ö裺 ?? ÍêÈ«¹Ø±ÕÊý¾Ý¿â ?? Æô¶¯Êý¾Ý¿âʵÀý£¬²¢ÇÒ mount Êý¾Ý¿â£¬µ«ÊDz¢²»´ò¿ª (startup mount,×¢ÒâÒ»¶¨²»ÒªÔÚ Êý¾Ý¿â´ò¿ªµÄÇé¿öÏÂÖ´ÐÐÏÂÁвÙ×÷ ) ?? ɾ³ý´æÔÚµÄ SYS Éí·ÝÔÚ DBID¡£ÒÔ SQL*Plus Ö´ÐÐÏÂÃæÕâ¸öÃüÁ SQL> exec sys.dbms_backup_restore.zerodbid(fno => 0); ?? ´´½¨Ð嵀 DBID¡£µ±ÄãʹÓÃcreate controlfile Óï¾ä´´½¨Ð嵀 control file£¬ÐµĽ« DBID ²úÉú ²âÊÔÄ¿±êϵͳ ͨ¹ýʹÓÃÏÂÁÐ URLs ¼ì²éÁ¬½Ó£º ?? Êý¾Ý¿â Cartridge Á¬½Ó PL/SQL Èç¹û²ÉÓõÄÊÇ listener£¨ Apache single 11.5.2 ¼°ÒÔºó°æ±¾»òÕß´Ó 11.5.1 Éý¼¶£© http://<apache host>:<apache port>/pls/<dad name>/FND_WEB.PING HOME: http://www.itpub.net MAIL: epub@itpub.net
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