This document discusses different types of securities issues that companies use to raise funds. It defines an issue as when a company offers bonds or shares to investors to finance their business. The document then lists and describes six main types of issues: public issues like IPOs and FPOs, rights issues, bonus issues, private placements, preferential issues, and qualified institutional placements.

2. Issue is the process of offering securities as an attempt to raise funds. Companies may
issue bonds or shares to investors as a method of financing the business. The term
"issue" also refers to a series of stocks or bonds that have been offered to the public,
and typically relates to the set of instruments that were released under one offering.

4. I. Public Issue:
Initial Public Offer (IPO)
Further Public Offer (FPO)
II. Rights Issue
III. Bonus Issue:
IV. Private Placement:
Preferential Issue:
Qualified Institutional Placement (QIP)