Isometric projection
•
4 likes•455 views
Isometric projection
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
Machine parts orthographic projections
This document discusses orthographic projections, which are a method of producing multiple two-dimensional views of a solid object from different angles to fully represent it. Orthographic projections involve projecting points and lines on an object orthogonally onto planes to create two-dimensional views at right angles to each other. There are two forms of orthographic projection depending on the positioning of the object: first angle projection and third angle projection.
B.tech i eg u5 isometric
This document provides information and examples regarding isometric projection drawings. It defines key terms like isometric axes, lines, and planes. It explains that in isometric projection, all three dimensions are shown in one view at equal 120 degree angles between axes. It provides instructions for constructing isometric scales and converting true lengths to reduced isometric lengths. It includes examples of how to draw isometric views of various objects like prisms, pyramids, cylinders, and spherical objects. It also provides practice problems drawing isometric views given orthographic projections as input.
Lesson 11 Isometric Projection - Part I
Isometric view and Isometric projection of solids, three dimensional representation of solids. Box method to draw isometric drawing.
Lesson 12 Isometric Projection - Part II
This document discusses isometric projection and provides examples of how to draw the isometric projection of various objects. It explains that isometric projection uses an isometric scale of 0.82 times the true length. It then demonstrates how to draw the isometric projection of different combinations of solids, such as a frustum of a cone, hexagonal prism with a cone, square pyramid on a cylinder, and a sphere on a cube. Tips are provided, such as always using isometric dimensions for spheres and drawing the visible portions of objects in isometric projection. The document is authored by Prof. T. Jeyapoovan from Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science in Chennai, India.
Isometric
The document discusses isometric projections, which show all three faces of an object simultaneously and equally foreshortened. It describes the process of creating isometric drawings, including defining isometric axes, drawing box constructions, and techniques for approximating circles and drawing non-circular curves. Key steps involve locating points through offset measurements from isometric and non-isometric lines.
Isometric projection
The document provides information about isometric projections and how to draw isometric views of objects. It includes:
1) An introduction to isometric projections, which show all three dimensions of an object in the same view, unlike orthographic projections which only show two dimensions.
2) Details on isometric axes, lines, and planes which are used to construct isometric views.
3) Examples of how to draw isometric views of simple objects like blocks and planes given their orthographic projections, including setting up the isometric axes and scale.
4) Steps for constructing isometric views of more complex objects by splitting them into pieces.
Lesson 11-isometric-projections-i
This document discusses isometric projection and how to draw isometric views of objects. It explains that isometric projection shows all three dimensions of an object using three intersecting axes at 120 degree angles. True dimensions are used for isometric views of single solids, while isometric projections of combinations of solids use compressed isometric dimensions. Common techniques for drawing isometric views, like the box method and 4-center method for circles, are described. Several step-by-step examples demonstrate how to apply these techniques to draw isometric views of prisms, cylinders, and cut pyramids. Tips are provided on what details to include or omit in isometric drawings.
Isometric projection
The document discusses isometric projection, which is a method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical drawings. It defines key terms like isometric axes and lines. The steps for constructing an isometric projection are outlined, including defining the axes and adding details to blocks. Various types of objects that can be drawn using isometric projection are described, such as those with normal, oblique, or curved surfaces. Circles are approximated as ellipses, while curved lines use a series of offset points.
Recommended
Machine parts orthographic projections
This document discusses orthographic projections, which are a method of producing multiple two-dimensional views of a solid object from different angles to fully represent it. Orthographic projections involve projecting points and lines on an object orthogonally onto planes to create two-dimensional views at right angles to each other. There are two forms of orthographic projection depending on the positioning of the object: first angle projection and third angle projection.
B.tech i eg u5 isometric
This document provides information and examples regarding isometric projection drawings. It defines key terms like isometric axes, lines, and planes. It explains that in isometric projection, all three dimensions are shown in one view at equal 120 degree angles between axes. It provides instructions for constructing isometric scales and converting true lengths to reduced isometric lengths. It includes examples of how to draw isometric views of various objects like prisms, pyramids, cylinders, and spherical objects. It also provides practice problems drawing isometric views given orthographic projections as input.
Lesson 11 Isometric Projection - Part I
Isometric view and Isometric projection of solids, three dimensional representation of solids. Box method to draw isometric drawing.
Lesson 12 Isometric Projection - Part II
This document discusses isometric projection and provides examples of how to draw the isometric projection of various objects. It explains that isometric projection uses an isometric scale of 0.82 times the true length. It then demonstrates how to draw the isometric projection of different combinations of solids, such as a frustum of a cone, hexagonal prism with a cone, square pyramid on a cylinder, and a sphere on a cube. Tips are provided, such as always using isometric dimensions for spheres and drawing the visible portions of objects in isometric projection. The document is authored by Prof. T. Jeyapoovan from Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science in Chennai, India.
Isometric
The document discusses isometric projections, which show all three faces of an object simultaneously and equally foreshortened. It describes the process of creating isometric drawings, including defining isometric axes, drawing box constructions, and techniques for approximating circles and drawing non-circular curves. Key steps involve locating points through offset measurements from isometric and non-isometric lines.
Isometric projection
The document provides information about isometric projections and how to draw isometric views of objects. It includes:
1) An introduction to isometric projections, which show all three dimensions of an object in the same view, unlike orthographic projections which only show two dimensions.
2) Details on isometric axes, lines, and planes which are used to construct isometric views.
3) Examples of how to draw isometric views of simple objects like blocks and planes given their orthographic projections, including setting up the isometric axes and scale.
4) Steps for constructing isometric views of more complex objects by splitting them into pieces.
Lesson 11-isometric-projections-i
This document discusses isometric projection and how to draw isometric views of objects. It explains that isometric projection shows all three dimensions of an object using three intersecting axes at 120 degree angles. True dimensions are used for isometric views of single solids, while isometric projections of combinations of solids use compressed isometric dimensions. Common techniques for drawing isometric views, like the box method and 4-center method for circles, are described. Several step-by-step examples demonstrate how to apply these techniques to draw isometric views of prisms, cylinders, and cut pyramids. Tips are provided on what details to include or omit in isometric drawings.
Isometric projection
The document discusses isometric projection, which is a method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical drawings. It defines key terms like isometric axes and lines. The steps for constructing an isometric projection are outlined, including defining the axes and adding details to blocks. Various types of objects that can be drawn using isometric projection are described, such as those with normal, oblique, or curved surfaces. Circles are approximated as ellipses, while curved lines use a series of offset points.
Axonometric
The document discusses axonometric projection and isometric perspective. It states that in isometric perspective, the three isometric axes form 120 degree angles between each other. This relationship between the axes is repeated throughout the document.
Pictorial Drawings
The document discusses isometric projections and oblique projections. Isometric projections show an object with all vertical lines remaining vertical but horizontal lines drawn at a 30 degree angle. Oblique projections show depth through lines drawn at 45 degree angles, with cavalier drawings showing full scale depth, cabinet drawings at half scale, and general oblique drawings using any reasonable scale between half and full.
Pictorial Drawing
This document discusses different types of pictorial drawings including oblique, isometric, and perspective drawings. Oblique drawings can be cavalier or cabinet style and involve shortening receding lines at 45 degrees. Isometric drawings present a 3D object with all dimensions visible and undistorted using 3 sets of lines at 30 degree angles. Perspective drawings make objects appear smaller with distance using 1, 2, or 3 vanishing points to align lines. The document provides examples and steps for creating each type of pictorial drawing.
Lecture 11 Perspective Projection
The document discusses different types of projections in 3D computer graphics, including orthographic, oblique, and perspective projections. It explains the geometry and matrices used to perform perspective projections, mapping 3D points onto a 2D view plane using similar triangles. The text also compares perspective versus parallel projections, noting that perspective projection preserves angles and looks more realistic while parallel projection preserves distances and angles.
Orthographic projection exercises
The document contains instructions and examples for 14 exercises related to orthographic projection. The exercises include identifying views of objects from different angles, matching orthographic drawings to isometric or oblique views, sketching projections of objects, and drawing multi-view orthographic projections of components with dimensions. Solutions or spaces for solutions are provided for each exercise.
Engineering Drawing: Chapter 05 pictorial sketching
This document provides guidance on freehand sketching techniques for isometric projections and sketches. It discusses sketching lines, arcs, circles, curves, and objects from orthographic views. Key steps include locating centers and tangent points, using construction lines, and extruding 2D shapes to add the third dimension. Parallel lines should remain parallel in isometric views. Complex objects can be sketched by combining simple shapes or adding details gradually to the main form.
Ist year engineering-graphics-ed-for-be-students (1) (1)
1. The document discusses the procedure for solving problems involving the projections of plane figures.
2. It involves a 3 step process of drawing initial projections assuming a position, then adjusting for surface inclination, and finally adjusting for side/edge inclination.
3. Key assumptions are made for the initial position based on whether the surface is parallel or inclined to the horizontal or vertical planes.
BE sem 1 Engineering Graphics(E.G.) full course ppt
In this ppt full course of BE sem 1 E.G. is considered
I'm recommended you to just learn this fully ppt for good marks
Isometric projections for engineering students
The document discusses isometric projections and isometric drawing. It begins by explaining the limitations of orthographic views and how isometric projections show all three dimensions of an object in a single view. It then defines the principles and types of projection, including orthographic, pictorial, axonometric, isometric, dimetric and trimetric. The remainder of the document focuses specifically on isometric projection, defining isometric axes, lines, planes and drawings. It provides examples of how to construct isometric views of various objects from their orthographic projections.
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
rock mass characterization and New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology towards Sustainable Steelmaking
Eric Nizeyimana's document 2006 from gicumbi to ttc nyamata handball play
this notes have been created
by Eric36 at nyamata ttc
after readings
pe book for y2sme .
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting.pdf
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Axonometric
The document discusses axonometric projection and isometric perspective. It states that in isometric perspective, the three isometric axes form 120 degree angles between each other. This relationship between the axes is repeated throughout the document.
Pictorial Drawings
The document discusses isometric projections and oblique projections. Isometric projections show an object with all vertical lines remaining vertical but horizontal lines drawn at a 30 degree angle. Oblique projections show depth through lines drawn at 45 degree angles, with cavalier drawings showing full scale depth, cabinet drawings at half scale, and general oblique drawings using any reasonable scale between half and full.
Pictorial Drawing
This document discusses different types of pictorial drawings including oblique, isometric, and perspective drawings. Oblique drawings can be cavalier or cabinet style and involve shortening receding lines at 45 degrees. Isometric drawings present a 3D object with all dimensions visible and undistorted using 3 sets of lines at 30 degree angles. Perspective drawings make objects appear smaller with distance using 1, 2, or 3 vanishing points to align lines. The document provides examples and steps for creating each type of pictorial drawing.
Lecture 11 Perspective Projection
The document discusses different types of projections in 3D computer graphics, including orthographic, oblique, and perspective projections. It explains the geometry and matrices used to perform perspective projections, mapping 3D points onto a 2D view plane using similar triangles. The text also compares perspective versus parallel projections, noting that perspective projection preserves angles and looks more realistic while parallel projection preserves distances and angles.
Orthographic projection exercises
The document contains instructions and examples for 14 exercises related to orthographic projection. The exercises include identifying views of objects from different angles, matching orthographic drawings to isometric or oblique views, sketching projections of objects, and drawing multi-view orthographic projections of components with dimensions. Solutions or spaces for solutions are provided for each exercise.
Engineering Drawing: Chapter 05 pictorial sketching
This document provides guidance on freehand sketching techniques for isometric projections and sketches. It discusses sketching lines, arcs, circles, curves, and objects from orthographic views. Key steps include locating centers and tangent points, using construction lines, and extruding 2D shapes to add the third dimension. Parallel lines should remain parallel in isometric views. Complex objects can be sketched by combining simple shapes or adding details gradually to the main form.
Ist year engineering-graphics-ed-for-be-students (1) (1)
1. The document discusses the procedure for solving problems involving the projections of plane figures.
2. It involves a 3 step process of drawing initial projections assuming a position, then adjusting for surface inclination, and finally adjusting for side/edge inclination.
3. Key assumptions are made for the initial position based on whether the surface is parallel or inclined to the horizontal or vertical planes.
BE sem 1 Engineering Graphics(E.G.) full course ppt
In this ppt full course of BE sem 1 E.G. is considered
I'm recommended you to just learn this fully ppt for good marks
Isometric projections for engineering students
The document discusses isometric projections and isometric drawing. It begins by explaining the limitations of orthographic views and how isometric projections show all three dimensions of an object in a single view. It then defines the principles and types of projection, including orthographic, pictorial, axonometric, isometric, dimetric and trimetric. The remainder of the document focuses specifically on isometric projection, defining isometric axes, lines, planes and drawings. It provides examples of how to construct isometric views of various objects from their orthographic projections.
Viewers also liked (9)
Engineering Drawing: Chapter 05 pictorial sketching
Engineering Drawing: Chapter 05 pictorial sketching
Ist year engineering-graphics-ed-for-be-students (1) (1)
Ist year engineering-graphics-ed-for-be-students (1) (1)
BE sem 1 Engineering Graphics(E.G.) full course ppt
BE sem 1 Engineering Graphics(E.G.) full course ppt
Recently uploaded
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
rock mass characterization and New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology towards Sustainable Steelmaking
Eric Nizeyimana's document 2006 from gicumbi to ttc nyamata handball play
this notes have been created
by Eric36 at nyamata ttc
after readings
pe book for y2sme .
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting.pdf
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting
哪里办理(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine Learning
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Recently uploaded (20)
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
basic-wireline-operations-course-mahmoud-f-radwan.pdf
basic-wireline-operations-course-mahmoud-f-radwan.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Generative AI leverages algorithms to create various forms of content
Generative AI leverages algorithms to create various forms of content
Eric Nizeyimana's document 2006 from gicumbi to ttc nyamata handball play
Eric Nizeyimana's document 2006 from gicumbi to ttc nyamata handball play
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT