3. We know the main culprits
parasites & mosquitoes...
Malaria parasites
(genre: Plasmodium)
Female mosquitoes
(genre: Anopheles)
4. We know how it’s transferred
to people...
Transmission of parasites via
mosquito bite
and more…
and more people
and more....
and more…
5. We know how to control it:
prevention
Insecticide treated
bed nets
Indoor residual
spraying
Drugs
(prophylactic use)
vs mosquitoes vs vector-human
contact
vs the parasite
Environmental
interventions
Larvicides
6. We know how to control it:
Rapid Diagnostic
Tests
Microscopy
&
diagnosis treatment
ACTs
(Artemisinin-based
Combination Therapies)
Other drugs
7. We know how far we’ve come...
Malaria endemic areas
1900
12. ...and we know 99 countries
are still malaria endemic,
although
United Arab Emirates
2007
Morocco & Turkmenistan
2010
Armenia
2011 2012
Kazakhstan
5 have been acknowledged by WHO as
in the past six years:
“MALARIA FREE”
13. We also know
just how far we NEED to go:
In 2010
Malaria
Killed an estimated
660,000
People
with an estimated
219 million
Currently
1/2
of the world
population
lives in
countries
where
transmission
continues
cases
14. BURDEN
of
MALARIA
…and we must
face the daily
In Africa, the economic growth is
hindered every year due
to the costs associated to malaria
In some African countries the cost to prevent and
treat the disease may be up to 1/3 of the
families total annual income
In countries like Tanzania, they spend nearly
40% of their entire health budget
to fight malaria
16. On top of ALL of this
we face significant
CHALLENGES:
Risk of reintroduction
& resurgence
Sustaining
funds
Sustaining political
commitment & public
awareness
and most importantly:
17. oday’s malaria
story is about
T control & elimination,
and working together
towards global eradication.
But available tools are
not enough in some parts
of the world…
18. - Joint statement of the Malaria Eradication Research Agenda
(malERA) Initiative Leadership Council, January 2011.
“
The dream of ending this
scourge of humanity is within
reach, but demands our BEST
COLLECTIVE EFFORTS”
19. Malaria elimination means:
1. NO local transmission
2. ZERO infections in a
defined-geographical area
Transmission of parasites
20. In other words, we need to
interrupt transmission
and eliminate all reservoirs
To achieve elimination, we must treat
infections and prevent mosquitoes from
passing the parasites
21. means
= less than one new infection
per existing infection
R 1
<
0
that one infection…
does not cause another…
…and another
BLOCKING
transmission
22. Malaria elimination
is strengthening R&D to develop new
ways of interrupting transmission
New insecticides New drugs that kill all
stages of the parasite
life cycle
Vaccines that interrupt
malaria transmission
23. ...with these
NEW TOOLS & STRATEGIES
we aim to:
Drive down transmission and block it
Eliminate the very last infections
Keep infection rate at zero
malaria infection
0
24. 3 years with NO local
malaria transmission =
ELIMINATION
