Ceramics UK 2019 presentation

1. Isabel Potestio M.Sc.
Wed. 10th July, Ceramics UK, Telford.
AM for High-Performance
and Bioresorbable Ceramics:
a focus on medical

2. www.lithoz.com 2 © Copyright Lithoz 2019
About us
Leader for dense and precise parts, since 2011
60+ employees in research, development, production, sales and support
Worldwide 60+ 3Dprinters, 2 locations (Austria und USA), regional sales partnerships
Leading industrial Additive Manufacturing system provider for high-
performance and bioresorbable ceramics

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Introduction
The LCM technology: a ceramic AM process
Technology and main aspects
Status-quo on materials
Innovative medical applications
Success stories

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LCM Technology
the industrial standard

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Process Chain
• Two-stage process
• Thermal post-processing similar to conventional CIM

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LCM: industrial CeraFab Systems

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Materials
High-performance and bioresorbable

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Materials
LithaBone HA 400
LithaBone TCP 300
LithaCon
3Y 230
LithaLox
HP500
Mixtures ß-TCP/HA

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3D Printed vs conventional
Source: Sukrit et al. DOI:
10.1111/os.1226
Process LCM Iso-pressed
Material
Silicon
nitride
Silicon nitride
Density 3.25 g/cm3 3.25
g/cm3
Hardness
HV10
1500 1500
Biaxial
bending
strength
764 MPa 770 MPa

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In vivo: TCP vs Titanium
 New Zealand white rabbits
 Titanium and empty void as
reference
 TCP scaffolds show good
bone ingrowth
Read the whole study:
• Chen et al., Lattice Microarchitecture for Bone Tissue Engineering
from Calcium Phosphate Compared to Titanium, TISSUE
ENGINEERING: Part A, Vol. 24 (19+20), 2019 DOI:
10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0014
• https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0014

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Why ceramics in medical and dental?
Bioinert / Bioresorbable
High mechanical strength and wear resistance
Non-allergenic
Low thermal and no electrical conductivity
No artifacts on CT/MRI

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Cutting-edge Applications
medical and dental

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Patient-specific cranial implant
Interconnected pores and
strut thickness < 90 µm
Bioresorbable TCP
• Chen et al., Lattice Microarchitecture for Bone Tissue Engineering from Calcium Phosphate Compared to Titanium, TISSUE ENGINEERING: Part A, Volume
24, Numbers 19 and 20, 2019 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0014
• Ghayor C and Weber FE (2019), Osteoconductive Microarchitecture of Bone Substitutes for Bone Regeneration Revisited., Front. Physiol. 9:960. DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2019.00960

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Customized bone augmentation
Hydroxyapatite
Single implant no granules
• Source: https://www.zahn-zahnarzt-berlin.de
• Design by Michael Bergler, University of Pennsylvania (USA)

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The best of two worlds
Resorbable and high-performance ceramics
High-performance
Zirconia
Bioresorbable
Tricalcium
phosphate

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Cardiac pump
Pump Turbine
Magnetic
clutch
Impeller Guide wheel
Smooth surface
Ra=0.4 µm Bioinert
alumina

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Ultra-thin occlusal veneers
Feather edges down to
100 µm
Zirconia
Better mechanical stability
compared to milled veneers
Predecessing paper: Ioannidis et al., Load-bearing
capacities of ultra-thin occlusal veneers bonded to
dentin, J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2019; 95:165-
171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.006
Wall thickness 100 µm

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Load-bearing capacity of veneers
realistic masticatory forces:
8-880 N
(Bates et al, 1976)
Tested under chewing
simultion
All tested materials
strong enough
Trend: 3D printed
zirconia stronger than
milled zirconia

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Wrap up
Lithoz as reliable partner

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Success Stories
Medical CeraFab
Systems in Europe,
North and South
America
CE certified Medical
Devices (class III)
FDA approved Medical
Devices (class IIa)
20 surgeries performed
since 2017

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Summary
 Lithography-based processes for ceramics applications requiring
• Mechanical properties as conventional
• Wide spectrum of materials
 Success stories are showing how ceramic AM responds to needs for
prostheses, implants and surgical tools
 Today we see a shift from prototyping to serial production

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AM Ceramics Flyer

24. Business Development
Tel: +43 660 912 8829
ipotestio@lithoz.com
Isabel Potestio, MSc.

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Artificial aging
Chewing simulation
1.2 Mio cycles
5-55 °C
1 mm vertical
movement
Antagonist: Rounded
tip ∅ 8 mm