Inventions and disoveries
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This document discusses the difference between inventions and discoveries. It explains that an invention is a new device, composition, method or process that did not previously exist, while a discovery is finding something that already existed but was previously unknown. It goes on to provide examples of important inventions throughout history, such as the modern printing press and paper, and encourages learning about how inventions and discoveries have contributed to and advanced society.
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To learn about natural disasters and the preparations needed to face them. A natural disaster is a sudden natural event that causes loss of life and property. Examples of natural disasters include earthquakes, which are sudden vibrations or shaking of the Earth's surface caused by disturbances beneath the surface, and tsunamis, which can be triggered by undersea earthquakes.
The earth's atmoshpere and global warming
The document discusses the different layers of the atmosphere:
1) The troposphere is the lowest layer and extends from the Earth's surface to around 12km high. It contains around 75% of the atmosphere's mass.
2) Above the troposphere lies the stratosphere, which extends from 12km to 50km high. It contains the ozone layer which absorbs UV radiation.
3) The mesosphere extends from 50km to 80km high. It is the coldest part of the atmosphere.
4) Above this is the thermosphere, where the temperature increases with height. This layer extends from 80km to the base of the exosphere.
The earth in the solar system
The Earth orbits the Sun along with seven other planets in our Solar System. The Solar System is located within the Milky Way galaxy, which contains billions of stars and is one small part of the vast Universe, made up of countless galaxies. The Sun is at the center of our Solar System and provides light and heat to the eight planets that revolve around it, including Earth.
Disasters
This document discusses different natural disasters including earthquakes, volcanoes, and landslides. It explains how to minimize risks from these hazards such as preparing for earthquakes by securing furniture and avoiding construction on steep mountainsides to prevent landslides. Volcanoes discussed include Mt Vesuvius and Mt Rainier, and it notes the Circum Pacific Belt as a region prone to volcanic activity.
Florra n fauna n life of people in deserts
The document provides information about the Sahara Desert and Ladakh region. It discusses the geographical location of the Sahara, including the ocean to its west and the continents that surround it. It also describes the climate and land surface of the Sahara, noting that oases form where underground water reaches the surface in depressions. The document then discusses the flora, fauna, and occupations of the people who live in the Sahara Desert, particularly around oases, growing date palms. Similar information is also provided about the Ladakh region.
The Constitution of India
The document discusses the evolution and key features of the Constitution of India. It explains that the Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946 to draft the Constitution, with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar leading the Drafting Committee. Between 1947-1949, members of the Assembly debated and finalized the draft Constitution. Key features included establishing a federal system of government with power shared between the central and state governments. India also adopted a parliamentary democracy with an elected Parliament and Prime Minister as head of government. The Constitution was finally adopted on November 26, 1949 and came into effect on January 26, 1950.
Art, Architectur and Literature of Ancient India
1. The document discusses various aspects of art, architecture, and literature in ancient India such as stupas, temples, paintings in the Ajanta caves, and epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
2. It provides examples of famous temples built by different dynasties including the Brihadeshwara Temple, Kailashnath Temple, and Shore Temple.
3. The document also outlines scientific and technological developments during this period including calculations of pi and the length of the solar year, as well as inventions like the decimal system and concept of zero.
India during medieval period
The document provides information about India during the medieval period. It discusses the emergence of new social and political groups during this time, including Mahmud Ghazni and the Turks who founded the Delhi Sultanates. The Delhi Sultanates were later replaced by the Mughals, who established the Mughal Empire. Many regional kingdoms also emerged across India during the medieval period. There were also major developments in religious traditions, including the emergence of Bhakti, the arrival of Islam, and the spread of Sufism through Sufi saints.
From gathering to growing food
This document discusses the beginnings of farming and herding lifestyles. It describes how early humans transitioned from nomadic hunter-gatherers to settling in places and cultivating plants and domesticating animals. They discovered which plants grew well in different environments and learned to store seeds and the harvested plants. They also started keeping animals like sheep and goats near their camps and protecting them. This led to the first settled villages like Mehrgarh in modern-day Pakistan and Daojali Hading in China, where evidence of plant cultivation and animal domestication has been found, along with artifacts like pottery and tools.
Judiciary
The judiciary plays a crucial role in India's democracy by administering justice and upholding the rule of law. It comprises a hierarchical system of courts, with the Supreme Court at the top, followed by high courts at the state level and district courts below. The judiciary resolves disputes between citizens and governments and reviews laws for compliance with the constitution. It is an independent body that protects citizens' fundamental rights and ensures no branch of government can misuse its powers. However, access to justice remains difficult for many due to long legal processes and high costs involved.
The thief’s story
The document summarizes a story about a thief named Hari Singh. Hari befriends a writer named Anil and lives with him. One night, Hari sees Anil hide a bundle of notes under his mattress and decides to steal them. However, as Hari is about to leave on a train, his conscience persuades him to return the money. He puts the wet notes back and Anil understands what happened, but continues to support Hari by giving him work.
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Inventions and disoveries
- 1. What does these images mean to you???
- 2. What does this image mean to you???
- 4. Why should I learn this lesson? • To tell the meaning of the word invention and discovery • To identify the difference between an invention and discovery • Learn about the contributions and applications of important inventions and discoveries
- 5. Imagine life without the inventions and Discoveries
- 12. What is invention (cont…) • Any new device, composition, method or process which has never existed before, is called an invention. • An invention can also be an improved version of a specific product or machine. • It can also be a new process that we an use to reach a desired result or create an object
- 13. What is
- 14. What is Discovery? • When we detect or find something that already existed but we were not aware of, it is a discover.
- 19. Early humans used to write on wood pulp
- 22. In other parts of the world people used to write on palm leaves People wrote on clay tablets
- 23. Ancient Chinese of HAN Dynasty invented paper
- 24. FUN WITH COMICS