2. Practice the safety and regulations in
workshops
Apply the measurement techniques in given
projects
Interpret working drawings (blue-prints) for
project given
4. The following rules apply to all workshop
personnel, whether they are permanently
employed in the workshop or just occasional
users:
Keep the workshop clean and tidy at all times
Always seek instruction before using an
unfamiliar piece of equipment
Only use tools and machines for their
intended purpose
5. Report all damaged equipment and do not
use it until it has been repaired by a qualified
person
Where machine guards are provide they must
be kept in place
Never distract the attention of another staff
member when that person is operating
equipment
6. Always use the appropriate personal
protective devices and check that they are
clean and in good condition before and after
use
Report all hazards and unsafe conditions and
work practices
7.
8. The term "personal protection equipment"
covers any item intended for wearing or carrying
by the worker with the aim of protecting him
from one or more risks likely to cause injury or
jeopardize health while at work, in addition to
any item or accessory having the same purpose.
9.
10. A shield or cover over hazardous areas on
a machine to prevent accidental contact
with body parts or to prevent debris, such
as chips, from exiting the machine.
13. 1.2.1 Types of Occupational Diseases According To Target Organ
i. Occupational Lung Diseases
ii. Occupational Skin Diseases
iii. Musculoskeletal Diseases
iv. Cardiovascular System Diseases
v. Reproductive System Diseases
vi. Central Nervous System Diseases
vii. Building Related Illness
viii. Liver Disease
ix. Renal Disease
x. Psychiatrics Disease / Mental Health Disturbance
xi. Occupational Cancers
14. 1.2.2 Types of Occupational Diseases According To Causative Agents
i. Metal
ii. Gas
iii. Solvent
iv. Pesticide/ Herbicide / Rodenticide / Fungicide
v. Noise Induce Hearing Lost
vi. Vibration
vii. Temperature
viii. Radiation
ix. Pressure (Hyperbaric and hipobaric)
x. Infectious Agent/ Infectious Occupational Diseases
15. a. Extreme Temperature e. Electrical
b. Mechanical f. Radiation
c. Vibration g.
Hipobaric/Hyperbaric
Pressure
d. Noise h. Illuminations
a. Acid / Alkali d. Anasthetic Gas
b. Solven e. Cytotoxic Drugs
c. Disinfectant
a. Virus d. Fungus
b. Bacteria e. Plasmodium
c. Protozoa
a. Repetitive Motion d. Musculoskeletal Injury
b. Static Motion e. Visual Display Unit
c. Lifting Weight
a. Occupational Stress c.
Drugs and substance
addiction
b.
Depresion, anxiety
disorders
d. Sexual harassment
Physical Hazard
Chemical Hazard
Biological Hazard
Ergonomic Hazard
Psychosocial
16. A hazard is the potential for harm (physical or
mental). In practical terms, a hazard often is
associated with a condition or activity that, if
left uncontrolled, can result in an injury or
illness. Identifying hazards and eliminating
or controlling them as early as possible will
help prevent injuries and illnesses
17. Table 1
Examples of Hazards and Their Effects
Workplace Hazard Example of Hazard
Example of Harm
Caused
Thing Knife Cut
Substance Benzene Leukemia
Material
Mycobacterium
tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Source of Energy Electricity Shock, electrocution
Condition Wet floor Slips, falls
Process Welding Metal fume fever
18.
19. a) To monitor occupational diseases & poisonings reported to DOSH.
b) To monitor state's occupational disease investigation
c) To analyze all occupational disease and poisoning reports that's been
received and to prepare an incident report based on occupational disease
and poisoning.
d) Planning, implementation & monitoring of staff member's health screening
and promotion program.
e) To provide professional input in implementation for occupational health.
f) To give advice and help to all state offices, private sectors, medical
practitioners and the public.
20. a) To register Occupational Health Doctor under the Act of Occupational Safety
and Health 1994.
b) To monitor surveillance activities carried out by Occupational Health Doctor
c) To carry out investigation and development with Occupational Health
Doctor's duties.
22. A steel rule is a direct measuring instrument mostly
used in 300 mm length.
During measuring.
Place the rule either directly onto the length to be
measured or at right angles to the reference plane. Use
a contact face if possible and read off measurements by
looking at the point from directly above
23. • Better known as engineer’s try square
• Very common tool used for scribing straight lines at right angles
to a true surface or testing the trueness of mutually normal
surfaces
• Consists of a steel blade fitted into a steel stock of rectangular
cross-section.
• Well hardened and tempered to suit the need. Both inner and
outer surface of the blade are kept truly at right angles to the
corresponding surfaces of the stock.
24. A vernier caliper is most precision instrument tools which is can measure
until 0.02mm accuracy. This instrument can be use for measuring outer or
inner diameter, width of groove, depth of groove and length.
25. A micrometer is an instrument which is specially used to
take an accurate measuring. It can be found in metric
and in unit. Normally, the smallest measuring can be
read by micrometer is 1/100 millimeters.
26. A height gauge is a measuring device used for determining the height of
objects, and for marking of items to be worked on
28. The purpose of filing is to shape work pieces accurately so as to achieve smooth
surfaces. Files can be used to cut work to prescribed dimensions and shapes as
well as to obtain a desired surface finish. A file should be considered as a hand-
operated cutting tool
29. A chisel is a tool with a characteristically shaped cutting edge (such that wood
chisels have lent part of their name to a particular grind) of blade on its end, for
carving or cutting a hard material such as wood, stone, or metal. The handle
and blade of some types of chisel are made of metal or wood with a sharp edge
in it
In use, the chisel is forced into the material to cut it. The driving force may be
manually applied or applied using a mallet or hammer. In industrial use, a
hydraulic ram or falling weight ('trip hammer') drives the chisel into the material
to be cut
30. The hacksaw is used to cut metal to shape before finishing off by filing. Its use
is limited to straight line cuts. The blade is held in tension in a frame such as
the one illustrated. The blade is fitted with the teeth pointing forwards so that it
cuts on the forward stroke. Although the width of the piece being cut is limited
to the depth of the frame, all hacksaw frames are designed so that the blade
may be turned at right angles for making deeper cuts
31. A hammer is a tool meant to deliver an impact to an object. The most common
uses are for driving nails, fitting parts, forging metal and breaking up objects.
Hammers are often designed for a specific purpose, and vary widely in their
shape and structure. The usual features are a handle and a head, with most of
the weight in the head. The basic design is hand-operated, but there are also
many mechanically operated models for heavier uses, such as steam hammers.
32. The bench vise is used to help grip the workpiece for filing,
hacksawing, chiseling and bending light metal. The bench vice
mainly consist of a fixed jaw, movable jaw and jaw plates. Most
bench vises have hardened insert jaws that are sharply serrated and
will dig into finished workpieces enough to mar them beyond repair.
Hence, soft jaws made of copper, other soft metals or wood are
often slip over the vise jaws to protect the workpiece’s finished
surface.
33.
34.
35. a. Visible lines – Used to show visible edges
or contours of an object (NOTE: Visible lines
are sometimes called object lines.)
b. Hidden lines – Used to show surfaces or
features on an object that are not visible
c. Center lines – Used to show the centers
of holes, round shapes, or the travel of a
center (path or motion)
36. d. Section lines – Used to show a surface that has
been cut in a section view
e. Extension lines – Used for placing dimensions;
these extend (but do not touch) from the lengths
and widths of objects
f. Dimension lines – Used to show the size
(dimensions) of an object; spans from one
extension line to the next, has arrowhead at both
ends, and is broken in the middle for the
measurement number (dimension)
37. g. Leader lines – Used to direct descriptive information,
notes, or special dimensions to features on the drawing
h. Cutting-plane lines – Used to show where a section
has been taken; arrows on the end show the direction
in which the section was taken
I. Break lines – Used to show that part of the object has
been removed or broken away
1. Short breaks are for freehand, jagged lines
2. Long breaks are solid with a Z symbol inserted in
several places
38. j. Phantom lines – Used to show the position of
an object that moves (rotated position)
k. Border lines – Used to define the outer edges
or margins on the drafting media; the drawing
and all other information is inside this border.
L. Chain line. The line where a line of the
length of two kinds of length is repeated in
turn
39.
40. Orthographic Projection
An orthographic projection is a representation
of separate views of an object on a two
dimensional surface. It reveals the width, depth
and height of the object
Causative Agent means any virus, bacterium, fungus, parasitic agent or microorganism which is directly or indirectly responsible for causing the applicable disease.
