Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. It provides cost-efficient and resizable capacity while managing time-consuming database administration tasks, freeing you up to focus on your applications and business. In this webinar we will discuss how to move your existing databases to RDS with minimum disruption. We will also cover how to deploy very high performance databases on the cloud. Finally, we will provide examples of how customers have successfully deployed high performance databases using RDS.

1. Introduction to Amazon RDS:
Low Admin, High Performance
Databases in the Cloud
John Smiley
Principal Solutions Architect
Amazon Web Services

2. If you host your databases on-premises
Power, HVAC, net
Rack & stack
Server maintenance
OS patches
DB s/w patches
Database backups
Scaling
High availability
DB s/w installs
OS installation
you
App optimization

3. If you host your databases on-premises
Power, HVAC, net
Rack & stack
Server maintenance
OS patches
DB s/w patches
Database backups
Scaling
High availability
DB s/w installs
OS installation
you
App optimization

4. If you host your databases in EC2
Power, HVAC, net
Rack & stack
Server maintenance
OS patches
DB s/w patches
Database backups
Scaling
High availability
DB s/w installs
OS installation
you
App optimization

5. If you host your databases in EC2
OS patches
DB s/w patches
Database backups
Scaling
High availability
DB s/w installs
you
App optimization
Power, HVAC, net
Rack & stack
Server maintenance
OS installation

6. If you choose a managed DB service like RDS
Power, HVAC, net
Rack & stack
Server maintenance
OS patches
DB s/w patches
Database backups
App optimization
High availability
DB s/w installs
OS installation
you
Scaling

7. The self-managed vs. AWS-managed decision
Self-managed database AWS-managed database
You have full responsibility for
upgrades and backup
Upgrades, backup, and failover are
provided as a service
You have full responsibility for security AWS provides high infrastructure
security, certifications; gives you tools
to ensure DB security
Full control over parameters of server,
OS, and database
Database is a managed appliance, so
you can easily automate
Replication is expensive, complex and
requires a lot of engineering
Failover is a packaged service

8. Amazon RDS: a managed SQL service
• Simple and fast to deploy
• Simple and fast to scale
• AWS handles patching, backups, replication
• Compatible with your applications
– Choose among MySQL, PostgreSQL,
Oracle, SQL Server
• Fast, predictable performance
• No cost to get started; pay only for what you consume

9. Flipboard relies on Amazon RDS
• Flipboard is an online
magazine with millions of
users and billions of “flips”
per month
• Uses Amazon RDS and its
Multi-AZ capabilities to store
mission critical user data
"We were able to go from
concept to delivered product
in about six months with just
a handful of engineers."
- Greg Scallan, Chief
Architect, Flipboard

10. RDS Database instances: scalable CPU, memory,
storage
• Database instance types offer a range of CPU and
memory selections
– Scale up or down among instance types on demand
• Database storage is scalable on demand
– Choose standard storage for lower cost at low loads
– Choose General Purpose (SSD) for high performance and low cost
with variable loads
– Choose Provisioned IOPS (SSD) for the ultimate in performance
and consistency for high, sustained loads
– Add GB, change IOPS and change storage types with no downtime
for MySQL, PostgreSql, and Oracle

11. A simple application architecture
RDS database instance
Application, in an
Amazon EC2 instance
Elastic Load Balancer
instance

12. How RDS backups work
• Automated backups
– Restore your database to a point in time
– Enabled by default
– Choose a retention period, up to 35 days
• Manual snapshots
– Initiated by you
– Persist until you delete them
– Stored in Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)
– Build a new database instance from a snapshot when needed
– Copy snapshots to different regions

13. Choose Multi-AZ for greater availability, durability
• An availability zone is a physically distinct, independent
infrastructure
• With Multi-AZ operation, your database is synchronously
replicated to another AZ in the same AWS Region
• Failover occurs automatically in response to the most
important failure scenarios
• For RDS Oracle, get the benefits of Enterprise grade
durability and availability for all editions of Oracle RDS
offers (SE1, SE, and EE) at a lower cost.

14. A resilient, durable, still simple application
architecture
RDS database instances:
Master and Multi-AZ standby
Application, in Amazon
EC2 instances
Elastic Load Balancer
instance
DB snapshots in
Amazon S3

15. Choose Read Replicas for greater scalability
• Help your app scale by offloading read traffic to
an automatically maintained read replica
• Create multiple read replicas, load-share traffic
• Easy to set up
Native
MySQL
RDS

16. Choose cross-region snapshot copy for even greater
durability, ease of migration
• Copy a database snapshot to a different
AWS Region
• Warm standby for disaster recovery
• Or use it as a base for migration to a
different region

17. Choose cross-region read replicas for enhanced
data locality, even more ease of migration
• Even faster recovery
in the event of
disaster
• Bring data close to
your customers
• Promote to a master
for easy migration

18. How RDS billing works
Monthly
bill = + GB
Assumes DB instance accessed only from EC2
Further details at http://aws.amazon.com/rds/pricing/
= 720 hrs * $0.37 + 100 GB * $0.115
= $277.90
db.m3.xlarge; MySQL;
Oregon; Single-AZ;
On-Demand
100 GB
General Purpose (SSD)

19. Save money with RDS Reserved Instances
• Pay a low up-front fee to get a lower hourly price
on database instances for a 1- or 3-year term
• The lower-price entitlement applies to any
running instance matching its description
• Choose among Heavy, Medium, Light RIs
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
On-demand 544.50 1,089.00 1,633.50 2,178.00 2,722.50 3,267.00 3,811.50 4,356.00 4,900.50 5,445.00 5,989.50 6,534.00
Heavy RI 1-yr 1,508.10 1,750.20 1,992.30 2,234.40 2,476.50 2,718.60 2,960.70 3,202.80 3,444.90 3,687.00 3,929.10 4,171.20
Start saving here

20. How to scale with Amazon RDS
• Scale up or down with resizable instance types
– CPU to 32 vCPUs, RAM to 244 GiB
• Scale your storage up with a few clicks
– Scale while online
– Easy conversion from Standard to General Purpose (SSD) to Provisioned
IOPS storage
• Offload read traffic to Read Replicas
• Put a cache in front of Amazon RDS
– Amazon ElastiCache for Memcached or Redis
– Or your favorite cache, self-managed in Amazon EC2
• Amazon RDS takes some of the pain out of sharding

21. Best practices for Amazon RDS
• Choose storage appropriate to usage
• Strongly consider Multi-AZ deployments
• Make maximum use of ability to rapidly provision
test environments
• Create regular DB Snapshots
• Test recovery from them
• Configure CloudWatch alerts and DB Event
notifications

22. Security in Amazon RDS
• Security is a shared responsibility
– AWS is responsible for physical security of cloud infrastructure
– You are responsible for configuring your instances securely
• Use DB security groups to govern network access to
database instances
• Use Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) to run
DB instances in a distinct subset of the AWS cloud
– Private IP address ranges, subnets, routing tables and network gateways
• Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) for
fine-grained control of users and rights
• Use DB master users to govern in-DB access to data

23. How to migrate data into RDS
• Basic technique: dump and restore
– Simple, but requires downtime
RDS for
MySQL
RDS for
Oracle
RDS for SQL
Server
RDS for
PostgreSQL
mysqldump Data Pump Generate/
Publish scripts
pgdump
mysqlimport SQL Loader Bulk Copy
(bcp)
copy

24. How to migrate data into RDS, continued
• Advanced technique: apply the deltas
– Replay transactions against the migration target
RDS for
MySQL
RDS for
Oracle
RDS for SQL
Server
RDS for
PostgreSQL
mysqlbinlog Mview
replication
Linked servers Use row
metadata to
capture
modified rows
Tungsten
Replicator
Golden Gate,
Dbvisit,
Attunity, Dell
SharePlex
SSIS

25. Schema design
Query construction
Query optimization
Migration
Backup and recovery
Patching
Configuration
Software upgrades
Storage upgrades
Server upgrades
Hardware issues
Why choose Amazon RDS?
Focus your
team here
Let AWS
focus here

26. Try Amazon RDS for free
• For your first year, at no charge…
– Enough free instance-hours to run a “micro” instance
continuously
– 20 GB of database instance storage
– 20 GB for automated backups
– 10 million I/O operations per month
• Learn more about the AWS free tier:
http://aws.amazon.com/free/

27. Learn more about Amazon RDS
• Amazon RDS home page:
http://aws.amazon.com/rds/
• Amazon RDS Frequently Asked Questions:
http://aws.amazon.com/rds/faqs/
• Links to Import Guides for each engine:
http://aws.amazon.com/rds/faqs/#9

28. Thank you