Intonation refers to the variation in pitch when speaking and is used to express feelings and whether a speaker is finished. There are two main intonation patterns in English - rising intonation where the voice rises at the end of a sentence and falling intonation where the voice rises and then falls. Rising intonation is used for yes/no questions, exclamations, listings and choice questions while falling intonation is used for WH questions, commands, and statements. Example dialog demonstrates the use of rising and falling intonation in different sentence types.

1. Introduction to Intonation
INTONATION IS THE VARIATION IN THE PITCH OF THE VOICE WHEN SPEAKING. INTONATION IS
ABOUT HOW WE SAY THE WORDS, RATHER THAN WHAT WE SAY. WE USE INTONATION TO EXPRESS
OUR FEELINGS AND TO EXPRESS WHETHER OR NOT WE HAVE FINISHED SPEAKING. IF THERE WERE NO
INTONATION, OUR VOICES WOULD SOUND FLAT AND MONOTONOUS LIKE A ROBOT’S

2. The Two Main Intonation Patterns
There are two basic intonation patterns in English language.
 Rising intonation
 Falling intonation

3. The Rules of Both Types of Intonation
 Rising Intonation: The voices rises sharply at the end of sentence.
 Falling Intonation: The voice rises earlier in the sentence then falls at the
end of the sentence.

4. Example Sentences
Rising intonations used with;
 Yes/No Questions ( the questions that you can only answer with yes or no)
Is she coming here?
Are you telling me the truth?
 Exclamations Expressing Suprise or Disbelief
That’s amazing!
Oh my god!
 Listing Items
Don’t forget to buy a milk, 2 potato, 5 onion, 3 bread and 5 tomatos when you arrive to the mall.
 Choice Questions
Do you want to eat burger?
 Question Tags
You really love her, don’t you?

5. Example Sentences
Falling Intonations used with;
 WH Questions (Information questions)
Are you going to your home?
Is she the blonde one?
 Commands
Don’t move!
Take your hands off!
 Statements
I’m not going to drive your car.
I’m not going to work today.
 Question Tags (You are not seeking forany real confirmation)
She is a cute girls, isn’t she?

6. Example Sentences
Person A Person B
1) Would you like to drink a cup of coffe? Yeah sure.
(choice intonation)
2) You are not going to leave this house for two days! Alright…
(Command intonation)
3) There is the red flower that you wanted from me. Thanks for the flower my dear.
(Falling intonation)
4) Is he gonna be alright? I think so.
(Rising intonation)

7. Example Dialoge
Using ‘’+’’ for rising intonation and ‘’-’’ for falling intonation
Geogre: Hey Sasha! ( )
Sasha: It’s been a while Geogre! ( ) How are you doing?( )
Geogre: I’m fine I guess. ( ) What about you? ( )
Sasha: Yeah, same things are happens since we spoke to each other .( ) What about you? ( )
Geogre: Same, nothing is changed since the last time we spoke to each other. ( ) The weather is so hot isn’t it? ( )
Sasha: Indeed, it’s very hot today. ( )
Geogre: I hope this weather won’t last long because it’s too hot. ( ) I have to go now Sasha. ( )
Sasha: To where?
Geogre: To shopping. ( )
Sasha: With who? ( )
Geogre: With my wife of course! ( )
Sasha: What are you guys gonna shop in the mall?
Geogre: We will shop some vegetables and some meat for tonight. ( ) We are going to welcome my wife’s parents. ( )
Sasha: That’s great! ( ) Then make sure that everything is fine tonight. ( )
Geogre: I’ll do my best! ( ) I have to now, take care of yourself Sasha, see you next time! ( )
Sasha: You too Geogre! ( ) See you next time. ( )