How computer exist

1. INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTING

2. WHAT IS COMPUTER?
• The word computer comes from the word “compute”, which
means, “ to calculate”
• Thereby, a computer is an electronic device that can perform
arithmetic operations at high speed.
• A computer is also called a data processor because it can store,
process, and retrieved data whenever desired.

3. DATA PROCESSING
• The activity of processing data using a computer is called data processing.
• Data is raw material used as input and information is processed data obtained
as output of data processing.
Data
Capture Data
Manipulate
Data
Output Result
Informati
on

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
• Automatic
• Speed
• Accuracy
• Diligence
• Versatility
• Remembrance Power
• No I.Q
• No Feelings

5. AUTOMATIC
Done without thinking or human interaction.
Given a job, computer can work on it automatically without human
interventions.

6. SPEED
A very fast device.
Perform operation with high speed
Usually measured in:
• Microseconds (10^-6)
• Nanoseconds (10^-9)
• Picoseconds (10^-12)
The amount of work that a man can do in an entire year, computer perform
that
Work in seconds even in milliseconds.

7. ACCURACY
Computer is basically made for two main reasons:
Speed
Accuracy
The degree of accuracy of computer depends on its design
Each and every calculation or task is performed with the same accuracy.
Note: Errors may occur in computers, but these are man made errors rather
than technological weakness, that is imprecise thinking by a programmer.

8. VERSATILITY
Computer is a versatile device
It can adapt in any condition or situation.
One moment, It is preparing the results of particular examination, the next
moment it is busy preparing electricity bills.
So, a computer is capable of performing any task provided that the task can be
reduced to a series of logical steps.
We can do variety of work in computer.
It just requires the particular software to perform required work.

9. REMEMBRANCE POWER
Computer can store and recall any amount of information because of its
secondary storage capability.
It forgets or looses certain information only when it is asked to do so.
It can adapt in any condition or situation.

10. NO I.Q.
I.Q. stands for Intelligence Quotient.
As computer is a machine which does not have intelligence of its own.
Computer perform the tasks that is fed to it.
So therefore, it cannot take its own decisions.
It is not like human beings who possess thinking capability.
Allah gifted the thinking capability to human while human trying to gift the
thinking capability to computer.
As now a days programmers are trying to make computer an intelligen
Machine. Programmers are programming artificial intelligence in
computer

11. NO FEELINGS
Computer is a machine due to which it is lacking emotions and feelings.
Although men have succeeded in building a memory for the computer, but no
computer possesses the equivalent of a human heart and soul.
Based on our feelings, taste, knowledge, and experience, we often make
certain judgements in our day to day life. But computers can not make such
judgements on their own.
Their judgements is based on the instructions given to them in the forms of
programs that are written by us.
They are only as good as man makes and uses them. As computers have no
feelings they work for us day and night without any difficulty.

12. EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Charles Babbage is considered to be the father of modern digital computers.
He designed “Difference Engine” in 1822.
He designed a fully automatic analytical engine in 1842 for performing basic
arithmetic functions.
His efforts established a number of principles that are fundamental to the
design of any digital computer.

13. SOME WELL KNOWN EARLY COMPUTERS
The Mark I Computer (1937-1944)
The Atanasoff-Berry Computer (1939-1942)
The ENIAC(1943-1946)
The EDVAC(1946-1952)
The EDSAC(1947-1949)
Manchester Mark I (1948)
The UNIVAC I (1951)

14. THANK YOU!!!!