The document discusses Amazon EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service), which allows users to run Kubernetes on AWS. It highlights that EKS manages the control plane for users and provides native integrations with other AWS services like load balancers, IAM, and container registry. The document also summarizes key capabilities like high availability of the Kubernetes masters, networking options, version upgrades, and how to provision Kubernetes nodes on EKS.

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EKS
Kubernetes on AWS

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Ric Harvey, Technical Developer Evangelist
Amazon Web Services
Ric Harvey, Technical Developer Evangelist
@ric__Harvey
https://gitlab.com/ric_harvey/

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57%of Kubernetes workloads
run on AWS today
— Cloud Native Computing Foundation

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https://github.com/kubernetes/kops

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“Make this easier for me”

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“Native AWS Integrations.”

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”An Open Source Kubernetes Experience.”

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E L A S T I C C O N TA I N E R S E RV I C E F O R K U B E R N E T E S
(EKS)

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EKS is Kubernetes Certified

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Architecture

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Availability
Zone 1
Etcd
Master
Etcd
Master
Availability
Zone 2
Availability
Zone 3
Etcd
Master
AWS Managed
Customer Account

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mycluster.eks.amazonaws.com
EKS Workers
kubectl
Amazon EKS
AZ 1 AZ 2 AZ 3
Your AWS account

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Cross-account Kubernetes
Workers Masters
Customer VPC EKS VPC
Network Load
Balancer
ENI
API Access
Kubectl
Exec/Logs
TLS
Static IPs
ENI Attachment

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EKS Cross-Account Networking: Availability Zones
Availability
Zone 1
Master Master
Availability
Zone 2
Availability
Zone 3
Master
Workers Workers Workers
Customer VPC
EKS VPC
ENI ENI ENI

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Versions and Upgrades

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Semantic Versioning (semver)
v1.10.0
Major Minor Patch
Breaking
Changes
New
Features
Bug fixes
Security

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1.9.11.9.2
Version
1.9
Version
1.10
Kubernetes Upgrades

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EKS Networking

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Native VPC networking
with CNI plugin
Pods have the same VPC
address inside the pod
as on the VPC
Simple, secure networking
Open source and
on Github
https://github.com/aws/amazon-vpc-cni-k8s

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Nginx Pod
Java Pod
ENI
Secondary IPs:
10.0.0.1
10.0.0.2
Veth IP: 10.0.0.1
Veth IP: 10.0.0.2
Nginx Pod
Java Pod
ENI
Veth IP: 10.0.0.20
Veth IP: 10.0.0.22
Secondary IPs:
10.0.0.20
10.0.0.22
ec2.associateaddress()
VPC Subnet – 10.0.0.0/24
Instance 1 Instance 2

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How do I provision EKS nodes?

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Integrations

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Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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I want to use AWS accounts to operate Kubernetes
An open source approach to integrating
AWS IAM authentication with Kubernetes

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kubectl
3) Authorizes AWS Identity with RBAC
K8s API
1) Passes AWS Identity
2) Verifies AWS Identity
4) K8s action
allowed/denied
AWS Auth
IAM Authentication with kubectl

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I want to give a pod permissions to an AWS service
• Runs as a DaemonSet on your workers
• Creates iptables rules to redirect metadata service to kube2iam
• Add annotations to your pods to grant them AWS IAM Roles

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kube2iam example
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-deployment
spec:
replicas: 3
template:
metadata:
annotations:
iam.amazonaws.com/role: arn:aws:iam:123567989012/role/nginx-role
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.9.1
ports:
- containerPort: 80

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Container Registry: Amazon ECR

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Amazon ECR
• Simple to create
• High Availibility
by default
• IAM permissions
• Lifecycle rules
• Encrypted at rest
• Billed on storage

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Load Balancers

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Services: LoadBalancer
$ kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas 3 --port=80
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=LoadBalancer
$ kubectl get services -o=wide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S)
nginx LoadBalancer 100.70.217.164 a5cefe533ac1d11e7a38f0a67818e472-1987464052.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com 80:31108/TCP

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Configure your load balancers via annotations
aws-load-balancer-type
aws-load-balancer-internal
aws-load-balancer-proxy-protocol
aws-load-balancer-access-log-emit-interval
aws-load-balancer-access-log-enabled
aws-load-balancer-access-log-s3-bucket-name
aws-load-balancer-access-log-s3-bucket-prefix
aws-load-balancer-connection-draining-enabled
aws-load-balancer-connection-draining-timeout
aws-load-balancer-connection-idle-timeout
aws-load-balancer-cross-zone-load-balancing-enabled
aws-load-balancer-extra-security-groups
aws-load-balancer-ssl-cert
aws-load-balancer-ssl-ports
aws-load-balancer-ssl-negotiation-policy
aws-load-balancer-backend-protocol
aws-load-balancer-additional-resource-tags
aws-load-balancer-healthcheck-healthy-threshold
aws-load-balancer-healthcheck-unhealthy-threshold
aws-load-balancer-healthcheck-timeout
aws-load-balancer-healthcheck-interval
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
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service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
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service.beta.kubernetes.io/
service.beta.kubernetes.io/
• Draining
• Logging
• SSL Certs
• Tagging
• Security groups
• Health checks

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Network Load Balancer (layer 4)
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx
namespace: default
labels:
app: nginx
annotations:
service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-type: "nlb"
service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-additional-resource-tags: 'Name=nginx'
spec:
type: LoadBalancer
externalTrafficPolicy: Local
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: nginx

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Application Load Balancer (layer 7)
CoreOS ALB Ingress Controller: Supported by AWS
Exposes ALB functionality to Kubernetes via Ingress
Resources
Layer 7 load balancing, supports content-based routing
by host or path

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Load Balancing

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DNS

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Automatic Route53 DNS creation for services
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx
annotations:
external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname: nginx.demothe.cloud.
spec:
type: LoadBalancer
ports:
- port: 80
name: http
targetPort: 80
selector:
app: nginx

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…works with ingress too
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: "nginx"
spec:
rules:
- host: nginx.demothe.cloud
http:
paths:
- backend:
serviceName: nginx
servicePort: 80

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Orchestration

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Deploying AWS resources with K8s (operator)
apiVersion: cloudformation.linki.space/v1alpha1
kind: Stack
metadata:
name: my-bucket
spec:
template: |
---
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Resources:
S3Bucket:
Type::AWS::S3::Bucket
Properties:
BucketName: my-bucket
Deploy AWS resources right
from your K8s YAML files.
User's don't need AWS
permissions, the IAM Role for
the host(s) running the
operator do.
https://github.com/linki/cloudformation-operator

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Demo
Cluster auto scaler
https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler

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Recap

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Recap
• EKS runs the control plane for you (just bring nodes)
• EKS is upstream open source Kubernetes
• All integrations are open source
• The master nodes are HA (across 3 AZ’s)

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One more thing

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Ok another thing!
awsdevelopers.slack.com
Preview
@ric__harvey
DM me and send me your email address

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Thank you!
Ric Harvey, Technical Developer Evangelist
@ric__Harvey
https://gitlab.com/ric_harvey/