Introduce AWS Lambda for newbie and Non-IT

Introduce AWS Lambda
By Chitpong Wuttanan (iFew)
Updated as of 6 Feb 2019

Evolving to Serverless
Reference: https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/deep-dive-on-aws-lambda

Evolving to Serverless
Reference: https://medium.com/@sdorzak/why-serverless-is-the-new-black-e4ff9e9947e0

What’s Serverless
● Is Cloud-computing execution model
● Dynamically manages the allocation of machine resources.
● Pricing is based on the actual amount of resources consumed by an
application
● Execute application logic only, but do not store data
● Client side control flow and dynamic content generation replaces the server
side controllers (Event-driven)
● In serverless applications, custom code components have a lifecycle that is
much shorter
● Serverless Providers such as AWS Lambda, Google Cloud Functions,
Microsoft Azure Functions, IBM/Apache's OpenWhisk (open source), Oracle
Cloud Fn (open source) Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serverless_computing, https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Serverless.html

What’s Serverless

Common use cases

What’s Lambda
● Serverless Computing platform for stateless as a part of the AWS (Amazon
Web Services)
● Release on November 2014 (4 years agos)
● FaaS (Function-as-a-Service)
● Designed for EDA (Event-driven architecture)
● Support Node.js, Python, Java, Go, Ruby and C# through .NET Core
● Official Website https://aws.amazon.com/lambda
● Logo
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AWS_Lambda
Lambda Lambda Function

Lambda Function Page
Events Trigger
Resources to access
Function

AWS Lambda models

Working with AWS Lambda

Example: Request to API endpoint
Reference: https://medium.com/@chrishantha/ballerina-services-in-serverless-world-b54c5e7382a0
Function

Understand the Function Lifecycle
Reference: https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/srv310designing-microservices-with-serverless

Reference: https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/become-a-serverless-black-belt-optimizing-your-serverless-applications-srv401-reinvent-2017,
https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/srv310designing-microservices-with-serverless
AWS Optimization Your Optimization
Explain Initialization
Beware the Cold Start

AWS Lambda Function anatomy
Handler() Function
Function to start
execution of your Lambda
function.
Event object
Data sent during Lambda
function
Context object
Context object your code
can interact with AWS
Lambda

Continuous Scaling
Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/scaling.html
Initial concurrency brust
Concurrency Limit per Account Concurrency Limit Account
1,000
Start Concurrency
(Asia Pacific - Singapore)
500
NumberofUserExecution
500
Add More (Automatic)
per minute
500
0
1,000Increasingmoretraffic
1,000
* Can request an increase
number of concurrent,
Contact AWS
1,001+
Queue

Setup Rate Limiting with Reserve Concurrency
Reserve concurrency
for this function
Concurrency limit per
account
Speed button, if execution
count is exceeding
Dynamic concurrency for
this function (Default)

Function is Throttled
Reserve concurrency
to zero
Can't call this
function anyway

Access monitoring via AWS CloudWatch

Tracing via AWS X-Ray
Duration time from Gateway
Duration time from LambdaCold Start

Should doing for develop Lambda Function
● Separate the Lambda handler from your core logic. This allows you to
make a more unit-testable function.
● Take advantage of Execution Context reuse to improve the performance of
your function
● Use AWS Lambda Environment Variables to pass operational parameters
to your function.
● Control the dependencies in your function's deployment package.
● Minimize your deployment package size to its runtime necessities.
● Reduce the time it takes Lambda to unpack deployment packages
● Minimize the complexity of your dependencies.
● Avoid using recursive code
Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/best-practices.html#function-code

Should doing for develop Lambda Function
● Avoid fat/monolithic functions
● Performance Testing for your lambda, to allocate memory and control cost
● Load Test your Lambda function to determine an optimum timeout value
and concurrency.
● Use most-restrictive permissions when setting IAM policies
● Delete Lambda functions that you are no longer using
Reference: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/best-practices.html#function-code

AWS Lambda Pricing
Reference: https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/pricing/
Charged based on the number of requests for your functions and the duration time to execution code.
* 1 Gigabyte second is 1 Gigabyte of memory used for one second.

AWS Lambda Pricing - What’s Request?
Lambda counts a request each time it starts executing in response to an event notification or invoke call,
including test invokes from the console. You are charged for the total number of requests across all your
functions.
Function1 Request to

AWS Lambda Pricing - What’s Duration?
Duration is calculated from the time your code begins executing until it returns or otherwise terminates,
rounded up to the nearest 100ms. The price depends on the amount of memory you allocate to your
function.
Billed 15.2sec
Actual 0.00208sec
15.1sec * 0.256 GB-Second
= 3.8656 GB-Second
0.1sec * 0.128 GB-Second
= 0.0128 GB-Second
Billed 0.1sec
Actual 15.18536sec
* 1 Gigabyte second is 1 Gigabyte of memory used for one second.

Pricing related with Lambda Memory size
Memory (MB) Free tier seconds per month Price per 100ms ($)
128 3,200,000 0.000000208
256 1,600,000 0.000000417
512 800,000 0.000000834
1024 400,000 0.000001667
2048 200,000 0.000003334
3008 136,170 0.000004897
Lambda Function use memory size 128GB and run 8 times equal 1 GB-Second. It’s mean Lambda
Function can run 3,200,000 times/month (Free tier 400,000 GB-Second/month)

Pricing Example
Function
get_product()
Allocate Memory Size
128mb
Execute Duration
200ms
6,000,000 seconds
Total execute in one month
$5.83
Total charge in one month
Compute
charges
30 million times
Total execute in one month
$5.80
Total charge in one month
Request
charges
Total charges = Compute charges + Request charges = $11.63 per month
If you allocated 128MB of memory to your function, executed it 30 million times in one month, and it ran for
200ms each time, your charges would be calculated as follows:

Pricing Example
What’s total compute number for free tier
128MB compute price is $0.000000208 per 100ms
This function execute 200ms in 1 times is $0.000000417
or 1 times using 0.2sec * 128MB/1024 = 0.025 GB-s
or 1 GB-s can run this function 40 times (or $0.00001667)
Free tier 400,000 GB-s can run this function 16,000,000 times
Calculate compute for 30 million times/month
Total compute (seconds) = 30,000,000 * 0.2sec = 6,000,000 seconds
Total compute (GB-s) = 6,000,000sec * 128MB/1024 = 750,000 GB-s
750,000 GB-s – 400,000 free tier GB-s = 350,000 GB-s
Monthly compute charges = 350,000 * $0.00001667 = $5.83
Compute
charges
What’s total request number for free tier, and request cost
- The monthly request price is $0.20 per 1 million requests
- Free tier provides 1M requests per month.
Calculate request for 30 million times/month
Total requests – Free tier request = Billable requests
30M requests – 1M free tier requests = 29M Monthly billable requests
Monthly request charges = 29M * $0.2/M = $5.80
Request
charges

Advantages/Disadvantages
● Advantages
○ Significant reduction in costs
○ No servers to manage
○ Continuous Scaling
● Disadvantages
○ Infrequently-used serverless code may suffer from greater response latency (Start time to
idle: 5 minutes)
○ Resource limits by cloud providers (Lambda Limit Concurrency 1,000/region/account)
○ Conceptual overhead of splitting a single application
○ Local development and unit testing is also harder
○ Hard to Monitoring and debugging
○ OS vulnerabilities are taken care of by the cloud provider
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serverless_computing, https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Serverless.html, https://khasathan.in.th/archives/1712/

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