This document introduces free and open source software. It discusses the concepts of software freedom and proprietary control. It outlines four essential freedoms that define free software. The development of the GNU operating system and Linux kernel led to popular free operating systems like GNU/Linux. Free software sees wide adoption in areas like mobile devices, web servers, programming languages and data storage due to advantages like security, availability and community contributions. Barriers to desktop adoption include lack of preinstallation and proprietary application support. Individuals can help by contributing to or spreading awareness of free software projects.

1. Introduction
to
Free Software

2. Agenda
●
Software freedom
●
Free Software in education
●
Development model
●
Free software adoption
●
You can help

3. Software Freedom

4. The Moral Dilema
● Friend asks for a copy of a software you own
– You either break the law and make an illegal copy
– Refuse to help your friend

5. Proprietary Software
● Control your computer
Remove
that
Software
No,
Keep it

6. Proprietary Software
● Take away what you own
Amazon
kindle
Chapter 1
Open clipart is a great efort by many
to include something of the same scale
as that for the other efforts so far.
But in all honesty, it is not done and
yet under progress.
The vertical toolbar on the left shows
Inkscape's drawing and editing tools. In the
top part of the window, below the menu,
there's the Commands bar with general
command buttons and the Tool Controls bar
with controls that are specific to each tool.
The status bar at the bottom of the window
will display useful hints and messages as
you work.
Kindle
Remove book “1984”
By George Orwell

7. Proprietary Software
● Collect information about you
MicrosoftPersonal
Data

8. Proprietary Software
● Tracks you
Mrs.X went to
place Y today

9. Proprietary Software
● Restrict what you can do
Backup
my
music
No
DRM

10. Proprietary Software
● Helps NSA
– By adding backdoors
– By revealing bugs in their software
– Should the Indian government use Windows?

11. Proprietary Software
● Are a company's secrets
● Against the spirit of sharing
Sorry,
its our
secret
How
does this
work?

12. How Do We Solve the Problem?
● Get together as a group
● Build software that does not enslave the user

13. Software Freedom
●
FREEDOM 0: The freedom to run the program, for any
purpose
●
FREEDOM 1: The freedom to study and change the
program
●
FREEDOM 2: The freedom to redistribute copies
●
FREEDOM 3: The freedom to distribute copies of your
modified versions to others

14. GNU & FSF
●
GNU project started was
announced in 1983 by
Richard Stallman
●
Free Software Foundation
created in 1985
●
GNU software: GCC,
Emacs, GLibc, Bash,
GNOME, Gtk, HURD, etc.

15. GNU/Linux
●
Linux was made free by
Linus Torvolds in 1992
●
GNU/Linux was born with
– Linux as the kernel and
– Everything else from
GNU

16. Free Software
in Education

17. Free Software in Education
● Better learning oppurtunity
How
does this
work?
Here is
the source
code

18. Free Software in Education
● Encourages the spirit of sharing
Trignometry
Calculus?

19. Free Software in Education
● Interesting projects
Large useful project
Your contribution
Small project,
less useful

20. Free Software in Education
● Learn best development practises
Large useful project
Your contribution
Expert Developer
Mentoring

21. Development Model

22. Development Model
● Many individuals contribute over Internet
● Anyone can contribute like on Wikipedia
● Commercial companies also develop free software

23. Development Model
● Don't like the software? Fork it.
Fork
Created
Original Project New Project

24. Advantages
● Higher quality, fewer bugs
● Stability
● Security
● Few viruses, adware,
trojan and spyware
● Available in many
languages
Found
a bug

25. Free Software Adoption

26. Mobile Devices
● Free Software make up
majority market share in mobile
operating systems
– Android (80%)
– Firefox OS
– Sailfish OS
– Mer
– Tizen
● Software used includes Qt,
Java, Linux, Sqlite, glibc,
OpenSSL etc.

27. Super Computing
●
485 of the top 500 super computers use GNU/Linux

28. Web Servers
● Apache is the top web
server by market share
(35%)
● Nginx is very good for
performance & scalability
(15%)

29. Data Storage
● Open Source RDBMS databases are popular
– MySQL
– PostgreSQL
● Most of the successful software around Big Data is Free
Software
– Hadoop
– Cassandra
– HBase
– MongoDB

30. Programming Languages
● Most of the top programming language are Free Software
– Java
– PHP
– Python
– Ruby
– Others (Perl, Lua, Erlang)
● Or have Free Software implementations
– C
– C++
– Javascript
– Others (Scheme, Haskell)

31. Other Popular Free Software
● Firefox and Chrome web browsers
● LibreOffice suite
● Eclipse and Netbeans IDEs
● VLC and Mplayer media players
● Git distributed version control
● Tor for online anonimity

32. Barriers for Desktop Adoption
●
Few desktop PCs come with pre-installed GNU/Linux from
the factory
●
Windows application support
●
Properietary lock-in

33. You Can Help!

34. Free Software
● Sometimes Free Software is not good enough
● Freedom requires sacrifice for long term benefit

35. You Can Help!
● Join and contribute to a Free Software project
– Many projects have friendly communities
● Spread the message
● Help others use Free Software

36. References
● GNU Philosophy: https://gnu.org/philosophy/
● GNU Project: https://gnu.org
● Debian Social Contract:
https://www.debian.org/social_contract
● The GNU General Public License:
https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html

37. Attribution
● Image sources
– Wikipedia.org
– OpenClipart.org
● Image Licenses
– Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic
license
– Apache License, Version 2.0
– Mozilla Public License Version 1.1
– GNU LGPL 3