This document discusses how information and communication technologies (ICT), specifically free and open source software (FOSS), can help people's organizations in their work and struggles for social change. It provides examples of FOSS tools like Ubuntu, Mozilla Firefox, OpenOffice that can improve efficiency, data collection/analysis, and advocacy. While FOSS provides advantages over proprietary software in terms of cost, customization and community support, there are also challenges to adoption like technical skills requirements and lack of alternatives for some proprietary applications. Case studies show how human rights groups have successfully used FOSS for documentation, data analysis and advocacy work.
In the give presentation I have tried to explain the what is OPEN SOURCE(Open Source Software, Open Hardware,Open Content ) and various Licenses. Any suggestions, improvements and comments are most welcome
In the given Slide I have tried to cover the basics of Operating System from the perspective of Linux user. Or you can say Linux as an Operating System
In the give presentation I have tried to explain the what is OPEN SOURCE(Open Source Software, Open Hardware,Open Content ) and various Licenses. Any suggestions, improvements and comments are most welcome
In the given Slide I have tried to cover the basics of Operating System from the perspective of Linux user. Or you can say Linux as an Operating System
In the presentation I have tried to cover the Evolution of Linux as an Operating System. The most of the content used is freely available on Internet , I have just tried to streamline it and summarize it as cleanly as possible from my point of view. Any improvements, suggestions, comments are most welcom.
Introduction to Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)Dong Calmada
An attempt to orient the unconverted and the semi-converted on the history and benefits of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). Created for the PANACeA FOSS training in Bangkok (Feb 2010).
F. Questier, Free and open source software, workshop for Lib@web international training program 'Management of Electronic Information and Digital Libraries', university of Antwerp, October 2015
Every time you switch on your computer, you see a screen where you can perform different activities like write, browse the internet or watch a video. What is it that makes the computer hardware work like that? How does the processor on your computer know that you are asking it to run a mp3 file?
Well, it is the operating system or the kernel which does this work. A kernel is a program at the heart of any operating system that takes care of fundamental stuff, like letting hardware communicate with software.
So, to work on your computer you need an operating system (OS). In fact, you are using one as you read on your computer. Now, you may have used popular OS’s like Windows, Apple OS X but here we see what Linux is and what benefits it offers over other OS choices.
In the give slide I have tried to list the advantages of using Linux over Windows. Sadly for Windows Lovers, Linux is much more than an OS. It is a philosophy, it is power, it is freedom, it is us, it is future.............
In the presentation I have tried to cover the Evolution of Linux as an Operating System. The most of the content used is freely available on Internet , I have just tried to streamline it and summarize it as cleanly as possible from my point of view. Any improvements, suggestions, comments are most welcom.
Introduction to Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)Dong Calmada
An attempt to orient the unconverted and the semi-converted on the history and benefits of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). Created for the PANACeA FOSS training in Bangkok (Feb 2010).
F. Questier, Free and open source software, workshop for Lib@web international training program 'Management of Electronic Information and Digital Libraries', university of Antwerp, October 2015
Every time you switch on your computer, you see a screen where you can perform different activities like write, browse the internet or watch a video. What is it that makes the computer hardware work like that? How does the processor on your computer know that you are asking it to run a mp3 file?
Well, it is the operating system or the kernel which does this work. A kernel is a program at the heart of any operating system that takes care of fundamental stuff, like letting hardware communicate with software.
So, to work on your computer you need an operating system (OS). In fact, you are using one as you read on your computer. Now, you may have used popular OS’s like Windows, Apple OS X but here we see what Linux is and what benefits it offers over other OS choices.
In the give slide I have tried to list the advantages of using Linux over Windows. Sadly for Windows Lovers, Linux is much more than an OS. It is a philosophy, it is power, it is freedom, it is us, it is future.............
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F. Questier, Free Libre Open Source Software - Guest Lecture for the course Business Aspects of Software Industry of Prof. M. Goldchstein and Prof. T. Crispeels, with students from management science, computer science and civil engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (17/04/13)
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4. ICT can help people's
organizations in their struggle
for social change
● Improving efficiency and productivity
● Improving data collection and data
analysis
● Improving advocacy and campaign
5. ICT for PO's
* Information & communication are
vital aspects of PO's work.
* PO's have always employed
technologies to assist them in their
work.
* However, tools needed today are
different to those of a decade ago.
6. Possibilities & Challenges
* Shift towards 'informationised' society
contains both possibilities and challenges.
* Access to powerful communication &
organizational tools is opened up.
* Making good use of these tools can be a
painful experience.
* The “digital divide”: unequal access and
unequal acquisition of related skills.
7. FOSS & PO's: a natural fit
* FOSS = Free and Open Source Software.
* FOSS tools are developed through shared
collaboration, creating a greater mutual value.
* This practice of cooperation and collaboration
makes the FOSS movement a natural ally of PO's
and social change movements.
* On top of the synergies around 'philosophy',
there is also much practical value in using FOSS
tools.
9. What is FOSS?
* Free and Open Source Software is designed
to maximize the freedoms of its users.
* Think of 'free' as in 'free speech', not as
in 'free beer'.
* FOSS <> proprietary software (e.g Microsoft,
Adobe, ...).
* FOSS license conditions guarantee that users
can exercise 4 freedoms.
12. * Richard Stallman
founded FSF in 1985 to
promote the freedom to
create, distribute and
modify computer
software
* Initiated the GNU
project to make a free
Operating System (OS)
* Pioneered the concept
of copyleft
Drawings by Lucy Watts (lucywatts.com)
15. Advantages of using FOSS (1)
* Cost effectiveness: software often free
and support is provided by community.
* Legality issue: free to use and distribute
* Increased stability: bugs are found and
eliminated quickly due to open source nature
* No technology lock-in: built using open
standards
16. Advantages of using FOSS (2)
* Increased organizational flexibility: software
can be adapted to needs of organization
* Cooperative culture: less prone to vendor
lock-in
* Extended life span of hardware: FOSS often
less demanding on HW resources, less bloated
software packages
* Ability to attract high level skill at low cost
17. Limitations (1)
* Sometimes badly documented & hard to
use for non tech savvy.
-> Things improved a lot in recent years.
E.g. Ubuntu version of GNU/Linux OS.
-> Also dependent on the specific software.
E.g. Documentation and community support
for the Drupal CMS is as good, if not
better than for proprietary solutions.
18. Limitations (2)
* In places where pirated versions of
proprietary software are easily accessible the
benefits of FOSS can be a hard sell.
-> Most people looking for an instant solution
arenʼt going to care whether a software is
FOSS or not.
* Software availability: it's not always
possible to find FOSS alternatives to
commercial applications
19. Example 1: Mozilla
* Non-profit dedicated to promote open,
shared and innovative web.
* Projects: Firefox (browser), Thunderbird
(e-mail, newsgroups, feeds), SeaMonkey
(Internet application suite), Calendar
project...
20. Mozilla Firefox
* Recognized as a more
secure browser than Internet
Explorer.
* Lots of useful plug-ins
available (thanks to open
architecture).
* Firefox: 25% market share.
* Runs on Windows, Mac and
GNU/Linux.
21. Example 2: OpenOffice.org
* Office productivity suite, including word
processing, spreadsheets, presentations, and
databases.
* Very capable alternative to MS Office.
* Can read and write MS office files.
* Export to PDF out-of-the-box.
* Available for Windows, Mac and
GNU/Linux.
22.
23. Example 3: GNU/Linux
* Operating system
* Desktop market: dominated by Windows
-> Windows (90%), Mac OS X (5%) and Linux (1%).
* Server market: idem.
-> Windows (70%), Linux (20%)
-> 60% of the web servers run Linux (2008).
* Supercomputers: dominated by Linux
-> Linux (86%)
24. GNU/Linux desktop
* Despite low market share, Linux is viable
for desktop use.
-> Ubuntu: popular distro with focus on ease of
use.
-> Some vendors sell GNU/Linux pre-installed,
especially on netbooks (30% market share)
* Choice between many distros can be
overwhelming: Ubuntu, fedora, debian, SuSE,
mandriva, ... → check DistroWatch.com
25.
26. Ubuntu
* Free (as in free beer), stable and secure
operating system (GNU/Linux based).
* Created in 2004 by Mark Shuttleworth, a
SA millionaire. His company, Canonical, is
backing the project.
* Generally acknowledged to be the most
widely used version of Linux (8M users)
* Runs on 32bit (i386) and 64bit (x86_64)
processors
27. Ubuntu Features (1)
* Novice-friendly
* Contains Office Suite (OOo), Email client
(Evolution), Browser (Firefox), IM, photo
management, multimedia, … out of the box.
* Instant access to thousands of FOSS
applications via package manager.
* Accessibility: assistive technologies,
localization, ...
28. Ubuntu Features (2)
* Automatic updates and bug fixes.
* Wealth of documentation, both official
and user-contributed.
* Installable live CD.
* Creative artwork and desktop themes.
* Migration assistant for Windows users.
* Fixed release cycle and support period.
29.
30. Potential drawbacks
* Installation.
-> Not hard but average user will try to avoid.
-> Few retailers sell Linux pre-installed.
* Hardware compatibility.
-> Issues with small number of devices due to
lack of good Linux drivers.
-> Check certified HW list or try LiveCD.
* Proprietary SW with no version for Linux.
-> Emulation can be a solution
31. Ubuntu Offerings
* Ubuntu Desktop Edition: for everyday
office tasks
* Ubuntu Server Edition: for use as file-,
web-, mail-, or database server.
* Ubuntu Netbook Remix (UNR): optimized
for use with netbook (affordable, internet-
centric devices)
32. Ubuntu Derivatives
* Officially supported (by Canonical)
-> Kubuntu: KDE desktop environment for other look &
feel
-> Edubuntu: for education
* Recognized
-> Xubuntu: XFCE desktop environment for use with older
hardware
-> Ubuntu Studio: designed for multimedia editing and
creation
-> Mythbuntu: designed for use as media center
35. Ubuntu Release Schedule
* New release every 6 months (support for
18 months).
* LTS release every 2 yr (3 yr support for
desktop, 5 yr support for server).
* Upgrade can be performed over the
Internet without reinstall.
* Support for the latest technologies is
guaranteed thanks to regular releases.
39. Case Study: intal (1)
* intal (belgian partner of PHM)
* Office runs on entirely on Ubuntu
-> 2 application servers (LTSP)
-> 20 workstations
-> 1 file server and 4 shared printers
-> LAMP apps: intranet (Open Atrium), CRM (
CiviCRM), DAM (ResourceSpace)
40. Case Study: intal (2)
* No license fees
* Cheap hardware
-> 2nd hand workstations $30/piece
-> servers $700/piece
* Setup/maintenance done by a experienced
volunteer
* 1 windows box to run proprietary software
-> bookkeeping, donation management
41. Base infrastructure
* Ubuntu Desktop provides a stable, secure and
feature packed desktop for each staff member
* Larger offices may benefit from services
provided by a server:
-> file/print services (also Windows networking)
-> e-mail services
-> LAMP applications (Wiki's, CMS, CRM, ...)
-> backup services
42. Case Study: Karapatan (1)
* Human Rights group (Philippines).
* Cfr Press statement CPU
* Documentation of HR violations using
karapatan-monitor.
-> open source toolkit developed by CPU.
* Web portals based on Drupal CMS
-> Organizational: karapatan.org
-> Campaign: stopthekilllings.org, stopthekillings.be
43. Case Study: Karapatan (2)
* Analysis and visualization of collected data is
vital for advocacy and campaign.
Presentation of analyzed
data of HR violations in
the Philippines. Collection,
analysis and visualization
of data was done with
FOSS tools.
44. Resources
* Tactical Technology Collective
-> NGO in-a-box: powerful tools for the daily work
of NGO's
-> Message in-a-box: tools and tactics for
communicating your cause.
-> Mobiles in-a-box: tools and tactics for mobile
advocacy.
-> Security in-a-box: tools and tactics for your
digital security
45.
46. References
* “The Base Edition of NGO-in-a-box
<base.ngoinabox.org> by Tactical Tech
<tacticaltech.org> and WomenʼsNet
<womensnet.org.za>”
* Choosing and Using Free and Open Source
Software: A primer for nonprofits. (link)
* An Introduction to Ubuntu (link)
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