International Finance- BMS Exam Tips
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This document contains conceptual terms, long answer questions, and distinguish between questions related to international finance. Some key terms mentioned include fiat currencies, NOSTRO/VOSTRO/LORO accounts, exchange rate depreciation, vehicle currency, arbitrage, speculation, Holgate's Principle, purchasing power parity theory, crawling peg mechanism, Triffin's Paradox, clean float, junk bonds, GDRs, ADRs, participatory notes, authorized dealers, currency convertibility, hedging, call/put options, intrinsic/time value, and non-deliverable forwards. The long answer questions require explanation of balance of payments statements, the gold standard, Bretton Woods system, euro
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International finance
The document summarizes India's balance of payments for the year 2009-2010. It has three main sections:
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2. Capital account covering foreign investment, loans, banking capital flows, and other capital flows. India had a capital account surplus of 53,602 crores.
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International Finance
- A country's balance of payments summarizes all economic transactions between that country and other countries over a period of time, measuring the flow of credits and debits.
- The balance on goods and services is the net of exports and imports of goods and services, and can be positive (surplus) or negative (deficit). The current account includes the balance on goods/services and unilateral transfers.
- Most developed countries now use a managed floating exchange rate system where central banks may intervene to moderate fluctuations between major currencies, while smaller countries often peg their currencies to a major one.
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- Assistant: Process customer requests, maintain records, resolve queries.
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This document provides an overview of balance of payments (BOP). It defines BOP as a systematic record of all economic transactions between residents of a country and foreign countries. It notes that BOP has two sides, includes both visible and invisible items, and is prepared for a certain period of time. The main components of BOP are the current account, capital account, and official reserves account. The current account covers trade in goods and services and transfers, while the capital account covers financial assets. A BOP surplus occurs when payments received exceed payments made, while a deficit is when payments made exceed receipts. For accounting purposes, the BOP of a country must always balance as every debit has an offsetting credit.
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The document discusses various sources of long-term and short-term funding for multinational corporations operating in international financial markets. It outlines types of exposures, sources of long-term funds including international capital markets, foreign exchange markets, and international financial institutions. Sources of short-term funds and cash management techniques for multinationals are also examined, such as trade credit, bill discounting, export financing, and netting of inter-affiliate payments to optimize cash flows.
6.currency and interest rate futures
This document provides information on currency and interest rate futures contracts. It discusses key features of futures contracts including standardized contracts, clearing houses, margin requirements and daily mark to market. It also compares futures to forward contracts. Several global futures exchanges are listed and contract specifications for British pound and Japanese yen futures contracts on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange are provided.
Commodity market in nepal, By Somnath kandel
The document discusses commodity derivatives markets in Nepal. It provides an overview of commodity exchanges globally and in Nepal, outlining some of the proposed structures. It describes the importance and advantages of commodity markets, including risk minimization and fair price discovery. Some of the risks of the market are also outlined. Factors that affect trading decisions, both fundamental and technical, are explored. The conclusion notes that the Nepalese commodity derivatives market is still developing.
Derivatives
This document provides an introduction to derivatives, including examples of different types of derivatives such as futures contracts, forward contracts, swaps, and options. It discusses how derivatives are used for hedging risks, speculation, arbitrage, and other purposes. Specific types of derivatives like forward contracts, futures contracts, and options are described in more detail. The roles of different market participants like hedgers, speculators, and arbitrageurs are also summarized.
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Flevy.com - Financial Derivatives - Forwards/Futures/Options
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falcon-invoice-discounting-a-strategic-approach-to-optimize-investments
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
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Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptx
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
The Rise of Generative AI in Finance: Reshaping the Industry with Synthetic Data
In this presentation, we will explore the rise of generative AI in finance and its potential to reshape the industry. We will discuss how generative AI can be used to develop new products, combat fraud, and revolutionize risk management. Finally, we will address some of the ethical considerations and challenges associated with this powerful technology.
Does teamwork really matter? Looking beyond the job posting to understand lab...
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SWAIAP Fraud Risk Mitigation Prof Oyedokun.pptxGodwin Emmanuel Oyedokun MBA MSc PhD FCA FCTI FCNA CFE FFAR
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Bridging the gap: Online job postings, survey data and the assessment of job ...
Bridging the gap: Online job postings, survey data and the assessment of job ...Labour Market Information Council | Conseil de l’information sur le marché du travail
OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.一比一原版(UoB毕业证)伯明翰大学毕业证如何办理
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Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.Recently uploaded (20)
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International Finance- BMS Exam Tips
- 2. CONCEPTUAL (3 Marks) • FIAT currencies • NOSTRO accounts • VOSTRO accounts • LORO accounts • Devaluation / Depreciation of Exchange Rate • Vehicle currency • Cross rate • Arbitrage • Speculation
- 3. • Trading • Holgate’s Principle • Purchasing Power Parity Theory (ppp) • Crawling Peg Mechanism • Triffins Paradox • Clean Float/ Free Float • Junk Bonds • Zero Coupon Bond • Forward Contract
- 4. • GDR • ADR • Participatory Notes • Authorized Dealer • Currency Convertibility • Hedging Process • Call Option • Put Option • Intrinsic Value • Time Value • NDF (Non deliverable Forwards)
- 5. LONG ANSWERS ( 5 Marks ) 1. Detailed outline of BOP statement & subject accounts? 2. Explain the features of GOLD Standard & give its advantaged and disadvantages? 3. Enumerate the features of BRETTON WOODS system & explain its failures? 4. What is Euro Currency Market? What factors Have contributed to its growth? 5. Trace the origin of tax haven and factors contributing to their Growth?
- 6. 6. Explain Foreign Exchange Dealers Association of India & its features? 7. Explain BIS and its features ? 8. Explain the feature of FCEB scheme ? (Foreign Currency Exchangeable Bonds) 9. Write a note on the origin and reasons for growth of euro – currency market? 10. Explain the factors that determine rate of exchange? 11. Explain FEDAI and its main Function ?
- 7. DISTINGUISH BETWEEN ( 5 Marks) 1.Direct Rate And Indirect Rates 2. Arbitrage & Speculation 3. Fixed & Flexible Exchange rate 4. Gold Standard And Bretton woods System 5. FDI and FPI 6. Swap contact & Forward Contract 7. Forward contract & Future contracts 8. Bull and Bears 9. Euro Bonds Euro Credit 10. FCCB and FCEB
- 9. All The Best