Introduction of a part of IBM Research - Africa efforts on transportation in a UN Pulse Lab - IBM Joint Seminar on March 10, 2016.

1. 1
Michiaki Tatsubori, PhD
IBM Research – Africa/Tokyo
Contact: mich@jp.ibm.com
UN Pulse Lab – IBM Joint Seminar
Mar 10, 2016
Intelligent TransportaNon
in the Era of Internet of Things

2. 2
IBM Research
Webcam-based Frugal ITS in Nairobi
Living Roads Project in Nairobi
Next Steps
Outline

3. © 2014 InternaNonal Business Machines CorporaNon
Brazil
T.J Watson
Almaden
AusBn Ireland
Zurich
China
India Haifa
Tokyo
Australia
Africa
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4. Africa Lab Core Research Domains
EducaNon Healthcare
Mobility UNliNes
Financial Services
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5. TransportaNon in Nairobi
Traffic CongesNon in Kenya results in the loss of approximately $1 Billion annually,
in wasted producNvity, wasted fuel and emissions, etc.
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6. 6
Webcam-based Frugal ITS
(Intelligent TransportaNon System)

7. Frugal Data CollecNon
Analyzed public traffic webcam images instead of burying sensors on the roads
§ Row-resoluNon image analyNcs
§ Math for interpolaNng where
data missing
36 traffic
cameras
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8. Row-ResoluNon Image Processing
x
y
peak
Compute cross-correlation in
the selected area for a pair of
neighboring images
• # of vehicles
• Congestion rate
A. OpNmized
binarizaNon
B. Regression
funcNon for the
white area
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9. Traffic Flow EsNmaNon
1. Vehicle count estimation on
un-observed roads
2. Vehicle routes generation
for simulation
given
given
given
unknown
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10. • What if a roundabout is
converted into an intersecNon?
How the traffic congesNon will
be improved?
• Given a limited budget, which
roundabouts should be
converted first?
§ Roundabout Conversion: Assess
construcNon plans and their impact to the
traffic, enabling smarter decisions making
of construcNon plan
City Planning with SimulaNon
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11. Policy Making with Data
What-if the policy is changed to distribute paydays throughout the month
instead of the ends of months?
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29
Weekly
variaBon
Total Traffic
max
payday effect
peak
paydays
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
payday effect Weekly
variaBon
Total Traffic
previous
max
paydays paydays paydays paydays
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Living Roads Data System

13. Living Roads Data System
IBM StreetSense
IBM CommuniSense
Gyro
Speed
Pothole
AnalyNcs
Automatic Detection and
Geo-Location of Road Hazards
Accelerometer
Data CollecNon Apps
Pothole
What roads should be repaired next?
How much can delay be reduced by
repairing these roads?
How many incidents result from poor
roads?
Roadway Decision-Support System
Mobile Phone Sensor Data
Services and ApplicaNons
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14. Living Roads Data System
Living Roads Video – 3 Mins
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15. Nairobi City County (NCC)
Waste CollecNon Vehicles Pilot
Solid Waste Management
• Invested >$3mill in waste collecNon trucks
• Nairobi generates >3,000tons waste/day
• NCC collects about 1,000tons of waste per
day
• One dumpsite, no incinerator
• Dumpsite is full and condemned
Waste CollecBon Vehicles
• No real-Nme monitoring
• Not meeNng KPIs
• Eg. Fuel, Dump Trips, etc
• Improper use of vehicles
• Trucks stuck in traffic and at dumpsite
• Frequent vehicle breakdowns
Waste collecNon truck at Dandora dumpsite
Sweeping and loading trash from illegal dump

16. Installed Smart Devices Into Waste
CollecNon Trucks
OperaNon Mathare Makadara Embakasi Kamukunji Langata Kibra Pool Pool Ruaraka

17. Road Quality
Future of Fleet
Tracking
Fuel consumpNon
UNlizaNon
Tonnage
CollecNon Points
…
Driver
Behavior
CiNzen
Engagement
Future of Fleet Mobile App
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18. Future of Fleet Mobile App
Potholes (Kamkunji Subcounty, Nairobi) Harsh breaking and maneuvering
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19. Next Steps
• Seeking partners for collaboraNon
• Expanding our analyNcs
• Various data/insight uNlizaNon prototypes, soluNon, and
producNzaNon are on-going
• Fleet management and insurance
• Traffic awareness applicaNons
• Scenario analysis tools
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