The document provides information on intellectual property rights (IPR) in India. It begins with an introduction to IPR and discusses the various types of IPR recognized in India, including patents, trademarks, copyrights, geographical indications, industrial designs, trade secrets, semiconductor layout designs, and protection of plant varieties. It then discusses India's IPR system and policies, noting the IPR Policy of 2016. It analyzes India's status in global innovation indexes and concludes that India is developing a balanced approach to stimulating its IPR industry.
Intellectual Property Rights, Rights of Local, Indigenous and Farming Communi...Sagar Bhandari
Implementation Challenges for Intellectual Property Rights and the Rights of Local, Indigenous, and Farming Communities (corporate-led vs. community-led agriculture biodiversity management)
Introduction To Intellectual Property: Role of IP in the Economic and Cultural Development of the Society,
IP Governance, IP as a Global Indicator of Innovation, Origin of IP History of IP in India. Major Amendments in
IP Laws and Acts in India.
Patents: Conditions for Obtaining a Patent Protection, To Patent or Not to Patent an Invention. Rights
Associated with Patents. Enforcement of Patent Rights. Inventions Eligible for Patenting. Non-Patentable
Matters. Patent Infringements. Avoid Public Disclosure of an Invention before Patenting. Process of Patenting.
Prior Art Search. Choice of Application to be Filed. Patent Application Forms. Jurisdiction of Filing Patent
Application. Publication. Pre-grant Opposition. Examination. Grant of a Patent. Validity of Patent Protection.
Post-grant Opposition. Commercialization of a Patent. Need for a Patent Attorney/Agent. Can a Worldwide
Patent be Obtained. Do I Need First to File a Patent in India. Patent Related Forms. Fee Structure. Types of
Patent Applications. Commonly Used Terms in Patenting. National Bodies Dealing with Patent Affairs. Utility
Models.
Process of Patenting. Prior Art Search. Choice of Application to be Filed. Patent Application Forms.
Jurisdiction of Filing Patent Application. Publication. Pre-grant Opposition. Examination. Grant of a Patent.
Validity of Patent Protection. Post-grant Opposition. Commercialization of a Patent. Need for a Patent
Attorney/Agent. Can a Worldwide Patent be Obtained. Do I Need First to File a Patent in India. Patent Related
Forms. Fee Structure. Types of Patent Applications. Commonly Used Terms in Patenting. National Bodies
Dealing with Patent Affairs. Utility Models.
The document discusses various aspects of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India, including:
1. The process of registering IPRs in India involves application, examination, objections, and opposition periods before final registration.
2. Several laws govern different types of IPRs, including the Patent Act of 1970, Copyright Act of 1957, Designs Act of 2000, and Trade Marks Act of 1999.
3. The National IPR Policy aims to recognize and encourage innovation, set up an implementation system, and incorporate global best practices in India.
Intellectual property rights protect creations of the human mind. They include copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, and trade secrets. The document discusses each type of intellectual property right in India and what they protect. It also explains the importance of intellectual property rights in encouraging innovation and sharing of information while also providing legal protections and incentives for creators.
The document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR), including its history, significance, theories, forms, and types of protection offered. It discusses how IPR originated to protect inventors and creators by giving them exclusive rights over their inventions/creations. Key forms of IPR discussed include patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, and trade secrets. The document traces the history of IPR from its origins in Europe in the 14th century to provide incentives for skilled artisans and protect trade secrets, to its modern role in global trade agreements.
This document provides an overview of various types of intellectual property (IP), including industrial designs, copyrights, patents, trademarks, and other forms. It discusses that IP refers to creations of the mind in various fields and enables people to benefit financially from their inventions and creations. The key organizations that govern IP are also mentioned. Details are then provided on the meaning and requirements for copyrights, patents, trademarks, designs, geographical indications, trade secrets, biodiversity, and integrated circuit layout designs under Indian law. Unfair competition is also briefly discussed.
India is a country of versatility, diverse culture, and complex social dimensions. India has been a country of agriculture, and even in today’s era, the majority of the population relies on agriculture for their livelihood; however, despite all these facts, India has seen a tremendous growth and change in economy, science and technology, education, and so on. In the process of development, invention and innovation have gained immense importance, which have resulted in application of inventions and innovations in the form of technology. In this background, the legal protection for the inventors arises, which is being catered by intellectual property rights (IPR) in the whole world as well as India. In Indian context, the IPR has not yet reached every business organization because the word IPR has always been misunderstood by most of the people that it is meant only for science and scientific inventions, but the fact is IPR’s applicability is much wider and it is applicable even to the smallest businesses. In the entire world, China is a nation which has the highest number of IPR grants, followed by USA. IPR in the present situation is very prominent and relevant because changes in industries like telecommunication, computer science, and so on are in the frontline and India is not lagging in invention and innovations. In 2021, out of the total number of applications received, China has the major contribution, which amounts to 40%. But very shockingly, India is not even in the top 10, which hints us that India needs to be vigilant and needs more attention of IPR. This research article speaks on how India is progressing in applicability of IPR and why India is not extensively using the provisions of IPR. We all know that IPR includes various elements like patents, copyrights, and trademarks; geographical indicators; industrial design; and utility models. But to be more precise and detailed, we have narrowed down our study only to patents in India, and even in that, we have considered patent applications, patent grants, and patents in force. It is to be noted that India’s economy is vibrant and dynamic. An economy like India is truly in need of extensive use of IPR and its provision to protect the rights of the real owner and inventor. But most of the population is ignorant about the IPR, so we are making an attempt to understand what is India’s position in IPR and its applicability. To narrow down our research, we have confined our study to only patents. In a further study, we can analyze how we can improve the awareness, and it may also help us in updating of IPR laws and its provisions.
Intellectual Property Rights, Rights of Local, Indigenous and Farming Communi...Sagar Bhandari
Implementation Challenges for Intellectual Property Rights and the Rights of Local, Indigenous, and Farming Communities (corporate-led vs. community-led agriculture biodiversity management)
Introduction To Intellectual Property: Role of IP in the Economic and Cultural Development of the Society,
IP Governance, IP as a Global Indicator of Innovation, Origin of IP History of IP in India. Major Amendments in
IP Laws and Acts in India.
Patents: Conditions for Obtaining a Patent Protection, To Patent or Not to Patent an Invention. Rights
Associated with Patents. Enforcement of Patent Rights. Inventions Eligible for Patenting. Non-Patentable
Matters. Patent Infringements. Avoid Public Disclosure of an Invention before Patenting. Process of Patenting.
Prior Art Search. Choice of Application to be Filed. Patent Application Forms. Jurisdiction of Filing Patent
Application. Publication. Pre-grant Opposition. Examination. Grant of a Patent. Validity of Patent Protection.
Post-grant Opposition. Commercialization of a Patent. Need for a Patent Attorney/Agent. Can a Worldwide
Patent be Obtained. Do I Need First to File a Patent in India. Patent Related Forms. Fee Structure. Types of
Patent Applications. Commonly Used Terms in Patenting. National Bodies Dealing with Patent Affairs. Utility
Models.
Process of Patenting. Prior Art Search. Choice of Application to be Filed. Patent Application Forms.
Jurisdiction of Filing Patent Application. Publication. Pre-grant Opposition. Examination. Grant of a Patent.
Validity of Patent Protection. Post-grant Opposition. Commercialization of a Patent. Need for a Patent
Attorney/Agent. Can a Worldwide Patent be Obtained. Do I Need First to File a Patent in India. Patent Related
Forms. Fee Structure. Types of Patent Applications. Commonly Used Terms in Patenting. National Bodies
Dealing with Patent Affairs. Utility Models.
The document discusses various aspects of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India, including:
1. The process of registering IPRs in India involves application, examination, objections, and opposition periods before final registration.
2. Several laws govern different types of IPRs, including the Patent Act of 1970, Copyright Act of 1957, Designs Act of 2000, and Trade Marks Act of 1999.
3. The National IPR Policy aims to recognize and encourage innovation, set up an implementation system, and incorporate global best practices in India.
Intellectual property rights protect creations of the human mind. They include copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, and trade secrets. The document discusses each type of intellectual property right in India and what they protect. It also explains the importance of intellectual property rights in encouraging innovation and sharing of information while also providing legal protections and incentives for creators.
The document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR), including its history, significance, theories, forms, and types of protection offered. It discusses how IPR originated to protect inventors and creators by giving them exclusive rights over their inventions/creations. Key forms of IPR discussed include patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, and trade secrets. The document traces the history of IPR from its origins in Europe in the 14th century to provide incentives for skilled artisans and protect trade secrets, to its modern role in global trade agreements.
This document provides an overview of various types of intellectual property (IP), including industrial designs, copyrights, patents, trademarks, and other forms. It discusses that IP refers to creations of the mind in various fields and enables people to benefit financially from their inventions and creations. The key organizations that govern IP are also mentioned. Details are then provided on the meaning and requirements for copyrights, patents, trademarks, designs, geographical indications, trade secrets, biodiversity, and integrated circuit layout designs under Indian law. Unfair competition is also briefly discussed.
India is a country of versatility, diverse culture, and complex social dimensions. India has been a country of agriculture, and even in today’s era, the majority of the population relies on agriculture for their livelihood; however, despite all these facts, India has seen a tremendous growth and change in economy, science and technology, education, and so on. In the process of development, invention and innovation have gained immense importance, which have resulted in application of inventions and innovations in the form of technology. In this background, the legal protection for the inventors arises, which is being catered by intellectual property rights (IPR) in the whole world as well as India. In Indian context, the IPR has not yet reached every business organization because the word IPR has always been misunderstood by most of the people that it is meant only for science and scientific inventions, but the fact is IPR’s applicability is much wider and it is applicable even to the smallest businesses. In the entire world, China is a nation which has the highest number of IPR grants, followed by USA. IPR in the present situation is very prominent and relevant because changes in industries like telecommunication, computer science, and so on are in the frontline and India is not lagging in invention and innovations. In 2021, out of the total number of applications received, China has the major contribution, which amounts to 40%. But very shockingly, India is not even in the top 10, which hints us that India needs to be vigilant and needs more attention of IPR. This research article speaks on how India is progressing in applicability of IPR and why India is not extensively using the provisions of IPR. We all know that IPR includes various elements like patents, copyrights, and trademarks; geographical indicators; industrial design; and utility models. But to be more precise and detailed, we have narrowed down our study only to patents in India, and even in that, we have considered patent applications, patent grants, and patents in force. It is to be noted that India’s economy is vibrant and dynamic. An economy like India is truly in need of extensive use of IPR and its provision to protect the rights of the real owner and inventor. But most of the population is ignorant about the IPR, so we are making an attempt to understand what is India’s position in IPR and its applicability. To narrow down our research, we have confined our study to only patents. In a further study, we can analyze how we can improve the awareness, and it may also help us in updating of IPR laws and its provisions.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses different types of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuits, and trade secrets. It describes what constitutes intellectual property and intellectual property rights. For each type of intellectual property, it outlines what is protected, requirements for protection, governing acts, and terms of protection according to Indian law. It also discusses international agreements that shape India's intellectual property laws and classifications for registered designs.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses different types of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuits, and trade secrets. It describes what constitutes intellectual property and intellectual property rights. For each type of intellectual property, it outlines what is protected, how long protection lasts, and the governing laws and agencies. It also discusses international treaties and how Indian law aligns with international intellectual property standards and agreements.
This document summarizes key aspects of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses copyrights, patents, trademarks, geographical indications, and industrial designs. For each topic, it provides definitions and outlines relevant Indian laws. For example, it defines copyright as rights over creative works and notes that India's copyright law is in line with international conventions. It also explains that patents protect inventions for a period of time and outlines the utility, design, and plant patent types.
This document summarizes key aspects of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses copyrights, patents, trademarks, geographical indications, and industrial designs. For each topic, it provides definitions and outlines relevant Indian laws. For example, it defines copyright as rights over creative works and notes that India's copyright law is in line with international conventions. It also explains that patents protect inventions for a period of time and outlines the different types.
The document discusses different types of intellectual property rights including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. Patents protect inventions and provide exclusive rights to the inventor for a limited time. Copyrights protect original creative works like books, music, and art and provide automatic protection without registration. Trademarks protect distinctive signs and symbols that identify commercial goods and services. Trade secrets protect confidential business information. The document outlines the requirements and types of patents and copyright protections under intellectual property law.
An overview intellectual property rightsAashka Shah
Intellectual property rights (IPR) protect creations of the mind and grant creators exclusive rights over their creations for a limited time. IPRs include copyrights, patents, trademarks, designs, geographical indications, trade secrets, and traditional knowledge. Copyright protects literary, artistic, and musical works. Patents protect inventions. Trademarks protect brands. Design registrations protect product appearances. Geographical indications protect region-specific qualities. Trade secrets protect confidential business information. Traditional knowledge protects indigenous community knowledge. IPRs promote creativity and innovation by rewarding creators while also allowing public access to their works.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
Plant breeding
K Vanangamudi
TNPSC AO, HO, ADH, AAO, AHO EXAMS
ICAR AIEEA JRF & SRF for PG admissions exams
ICAR NET, ARS & STO (T-6) exams
IBPS – AFO exams
Protective umbrella of TRIPS covers
Orthodox or conventional IPR’s
Cyber Law
Geographical Indications of goods
Organizations involved in IPR
This document discusses intellectual property rights in India. It defines intellectual property as creations of the mind like inventions, designs, artistic works and symbols. There are two main categories of intellectual property - industrial property which includes patents, trademarks, and copyright which covers artistic and literary works. The document outlines various types of intellectual property rights in India like patents, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, and copyright. It provides details on the laws governing these rights and concludes that understanding intellectual property rights is important for protecting creations and fueling innovation.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY & INTECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CMRIT MODULE-3 INTRODUCTI...rohitrajww4
The document provides an introduction to intellectual property and intellectual property rights. It discusses that IP is something produced using human intellect that has commercial value, such as discoveries, inventions, words, designs, and artistic works. IPR gives creators exclusive rights over their creations for a certain period. The document then covers the various branches of IPR including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, trade secrets, and geographical indicators. It provides examples and details about each category.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights from an Indian perspective. It defines intellectual property and the main types, including patents, trademarks, industrial designs, copyright, and geographical indications. It outlines India's key IP laws and enforcement agencies. Case studies show arrests made for software piracy. The conclusion emphasizes that IPR rewards creativity and protecting IP is important for companies and innovation.
This document provides an introduction to intellectual property rights in India. It discusses the different types of IPR including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, and geographical indications. It defines these concepts and provides examples. It also discusses India's key IPR laws like the Patents Act, Copyright Act, Trademarks Act, and Geographical Indications Act. It highlights that IPR promotes innovation and economic growth by protecting creators' work.
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind like inventions, literary works, designs, and symbols. IP is protected by law through patents, copyrights, trademarks, and other rights to enable people to benefit financially from what they create. The main types of IP are patents, copyrights, trademarks, geographical indications, industrial designs, and trade secrets. Patents protect inventions, copyrights protect artistic and literary works, trademarks protect signs used in commerce, and other types protect other creations. As technology advances, protecting intellectual property rights is increasingly important for innovation, trade, and the economy.
Module 3- Part 1.pptx ksjsjasjjssnnssnjsjsjsjsjjsAbhishekVenom
Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other electrically charged particles. Electronics is a subfield of electrical engineering, but it differs from it in that it focuses on using active devices such as transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits to control and amplify the flow of electric current and to convert it from one form to another, such as from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) or from analog signals to digital signals. Electronics also encompasses the fields of microelectronics, nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and quantum electronics, which deal with the fabrication and application of electronic devices at microscopic, nanoscopic, optical, and quantum scales.
Modern surface-mount electronic components on a printed circuit board, with a large integrated circuit at the top
Electronics have a profound impact on various aspects of modern society and culture, such as telecommunications, entertainment, education, health care, industry, and security. The main driving force behind the advancement of electronics is the semiconductor industry, which produces the basic materials and components for electronic devices and circuits. The semiconductor industry is one of the largest and most profitable sectors in the global economy, with annual revenues exceeding $481 billion in 2018. The electronics industry also encompasses other sectors that rely on electronic devices and systems, such as e-commerce, which generated over $29 trillion in online sales in 2017.
History and development
edit
See also: History of electronic engineering and Timeline of electrical and electronic engineering
One of the earliest Audion radio receivers, constructed by De Forest in 1914
Electronics has hugely influenced the development of modern society. The identification of the electron in 1897, along with the subsequent invention of the vacuum tube which could amplify and rectify small electrical signals, inaugurated the field of electronics and the electron age.[1] Practical applications started with the invention of the diode by Ambrose Fleming and the triode by Lee De Forest in the early 1900s, which made the detection of small electrical voltages such as radio signals from a radio antenna possible with a non-mechanical device.
Vacuum tubes (thermionic valves) were the first active electronic components which controlled current flow by influencing the flow of individual electrons,[2] They were responsible for the electronics revolution of the first half of the twentieth century,[3][4] They enabled the construction of equipment that used current amplification and rectification to give us radio, television, radar, long-distance telephony and much more. The early growth of electronics was rapid, and by the 1920s, commercial radio broadcasting and telecommunications were becoming widespread and electronic amplifiers
General principles of_intellectual_property[1].pptx_2[1]chandu chatla
This document discusses concepts of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, trade secrets, and plant variety protection. It provides definitions and requirements for obtaining protection under each type of intellectual property. It also discusses the economic importance of intellectual property and the government agencies that administer intellectual property rights in India.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR). It defines IPR as including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and other creations of the human intellect. The main purposes of IPR law are to encourage creation of intellectual goods and allow economic incentives for creators. IPR presents challenges due to its intangible nature. The document then discusses various types of IPR infringement including patent, copyright, and trademark infringement. It notes that IPR infringement can be a civil or criminal matter depending on jurisdiction and type of IP.
DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN INDIA
Intellectual Property Rights are patents, copyrights, trademarks, geographical indicators, protection of undisclosed information, layout designs of integrated circuits, industrial designs and traditional knowledge that are recognized by the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights agreement (TRIPS) and governed by the WTO (World Trading Organization).
Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds and give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses different types of intellectual property including copyrights, trademarks, patents, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuits, and trade secrets. It describes what qualifies for protection under each type of intellectual property according to Indian law. It also summarizes some key provisions and regulations from acts like the Copyright Act of 1957, Trademarks Act of 1999, and Designs Act of 2000 that govern intellectual property rights in India.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
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This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses different types of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuits, and trade secrets. It describes what constitutes intellectual property and intellectual property rights. For each type of intellectual property, it outlines what is protected, requirements for protection, governing acts, and terms of protection according to Indian law. It also discusses international agreements that shape India's intellectual property laws and classifications for registered designs.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses different types of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuits, and trade secrets. It describes what constitutes intellectual property and intellectual property rights. For each type of intellectual property, it outlines what is protected, how long protection lasts, and the governing laws and agencies. It also discusses international treaties and how Indian law aligns with international intellectual property standards and agreements.
This document summarizes key aspects of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses copyrights, patents, trademarks, geographical indications, and industrial designs. For each topic, it provides definitions and outlines relevant Indian laws. For example, it defines copyright as rights over creative works and notes that India's copyright law is in line with international conventions. It also explains that patents protect inventions for a period of time and outlines the utility, design, and plant patent types.
This document summarizes key aspects of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses copyrights, patents, trademarks, geographical indications, and industrial designs. For each topic, it provides definitions and outlines relevant Indian laws. For example, it defines copyright as rights over creative works and notes that India's copyright law is in line with international conventions. It also explains that patents protect inventions for a period of time and outlines the different types.
The document discusses different types of intellectual property rights including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. Patents protect inventions and provide exclusive rights to the inventor for a limited time. Copyrights protect original creative works like books, music, and art and provide automatic protection without registration. Trademarks protect distinctive signs and symbols that identify commercial goods and services. Trade secrets protect confidential business information. The document outlines the requirements and types of patents and copyright protections under intellectual property law.
An overview intellectual property rightsAashka Shah
Intellectual property rights (IPR) protect creations of the mind and grant creators exclusive rights over their creations for a limited time. IPRs include copyrights, patents, trademarks, designs, geographical indications, trade secrets, and traditional knowledge. Copyright protects literary, artistic, and musical works. Patents protect inventions. Trademarks protect brands. Design registrations protect product appearances. Geographical indications protect region-specific qualities. Trade secrets protect confidential business information. Traditional knowledge protects indigenous community knowledge. IPRs promote creativity and innovation by rewarding creators while also allowing public access to their works.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
Plant breeding
K Vanangamudi
TNPSC AO, HO, ADH, AAO, AHO EXAMS
ICAR AIEEA JRF & SRF for PG admissions exams
ICAR NET, ARS & STO (T-6) exams
IBPS – AFO exams
Protective umbrella of TRIPS covers
Orthodox or conventional IPR’s
Cyber Law
Geographical Indications of goods
Organizations involved in IPR
This document discusses intellectual property rights in India. It defines intellectual property as creations of the mind like inventions, designs, artistic works and symbols. There are two main categories of intellectual property - industrial property which includes patents, trademarks, and copyright which covers artistic and literary works. The document outlines various types of intellectual property rights in India like patents, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, and copyright. It provides details on the laws governing these rights and concludes that understanding intellectual property rights is important for protecting creations and fueling innovation.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY & INTECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CMRIT MODULE-3 INTRODUCTI...rohitrajww4
The document provides an introduction to intellectual property and intellectual property rights. It discusses that IP is something produced using human intellect that has commercial value, such as discoveries, inventions, words, designs, and artistic works. IPR gives creators exclusive rights over their creations for a certain period. The document then covers the various branches of IPR including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, trade secrets, and geographical indicators. It provides examples and details about each category.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights from an Indian perspective. It defines intellectual property and the main types, including patents, trademarks, industrial designs, copyright, and geographical indications. It outlines India's key IP laws and enforcement agencies. Case studies show arrests made for software piracy. The conclusion emphasizes that IPR rewards creativity and protecting IP is important for companies and innovation.
This document provides an introduction to intellectual property rights in India. It discusses the different types of IPR including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, and geographical indications. It defines these concepts and provides examples. It also discusses India's key IPR laws like the Patents Act, Copyright Act, Trademarks Act, and Geographical Indications Act. It highlights that IPR promotes innovation and economic growth by protecting creators' work.
Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind like inventions, literary works, designs, and symbols. IP is protected by law through patents, copyrights, trademarks, and other rights to enable people to benefit financially from what they create. The main types of IP are patents, copyrights, trademarks, geographical indications, industrial designs, and trade secrets. Patents protect inventions, copyrights protect artistic and literary works, trademarks protect signs used in commerce, and other types protect other creations. As technology advances, protecting intellectual property rights is increasingly important for innovation, trade, and the economy.
Module 3- Part 1.pptx ksjsjasjjssnnssnjsjsjsjsjjsAbhishekVenom
Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other electrically charged particles. Electronics is a subfield of electrical engineering, but it differs from it in that it focuses on using active devices such as transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits to control and amplify the flow of electric current and to convert it from one form to another, such as from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) or from analog signals to digital signals. Electronics also encompasses the fields of microelectronics, nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and quantum electronics, which deal with the fabrication and application of electronic devices at microscopic, nanoscopic, optical, and quantum scales.
Modern surface-mount electronic components on a printed circuit board, with a large integrated circuit at the top
Electronics have a profound impact on various aspects of modern society and culture, such as telecommunications, entertainment, education, health care, industry, and security. The main driving force behind the advancement of electronics is the semiconductor industry, which produces the basic materials and components for electronic devices and circuits. The semiconductor industry is one of the largest and most profitable sectors in the global economy, with annual revenues exceeding $481 billion in 2018. The electronics industry also encompasses other sectors that rely on electronic devices and systems, such as e-commerce, which generated over $29 trillion in online sales in 2017.
History and development
edit
See also: History of electronic engineering and Timeline of electrical and electronic engineering
One of the earliest Audion radio receivers, constructed by De Forest in 1914
Electronics has hugely influenced the development of modern society. The identification of the electron in 1897, along with the subsequent invention of the vacuum tube which could amplify and rectify small electrical signals, inaugurated the field of electronics and the electron age.[1] Practical applications started with the invention of the diode by Ambrose Fleming and the triode by Lee De Forest in the early 1900s, which made the detection of small electrical voltages such as radio signals from a radio antenna possible with a non-mechanical device.
Vacuum tubes (thermionic valves) were the first active electronic components which controlled current flow by influencing the flow of individual electrons,[2] They were responsible for the electronics revolution of the first half of the twentieth century,[3][4] They enabled the construction of equipment that used current amplification and rectification to give us radio, television, radar, long-distance telephony and much more. The early growth of electronics was rapid, and by the 1920s, commercial radio broadcasting and telecommunications were becoming widespread and electronic amplifiers
General principles of_intellectual_property[1].pptx_2[1]chandu chatla
This document discusses concepts of intellectual property including patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuit layout designs, trade secrets, and plant variety protection. It provides definitions and requirements for obtaining protection under each type of intellectual property. It also discusses the economic importance of intellectual property and the government agencies that administer intellectual property rights in India.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR). It defines IPR as including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and other creations of the human intellect. The main purposes of IPR law are to encourage creation of intellectual goods and allow economic incentives for creators. IPR presents challenges due to its intangible nature. The document then discusses various types of IPR infringement including patent, copyright, and trademark infringement. It notes that IPR infringement can be a civil or criminal matter depending on jurisdiction and type of IP.
DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN INDIA
Intellectual Property Rights are patents, copyrights, trademarks, geographical indicators, protection of undisclosed information, layout designs of integrated circuits, industrial designs and traditional knowledge that are recognized by the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights agreement (TRIPS) and governed by the WTO (World Trading Organization).
Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds and give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses different types of intellectual property including copyrights, trademarks, patents, industrial designs, geographical indications, integrated circuits, and trade secrets. It describes what qualifies for protection under each type of intellectual property according to Indian law. It also summarizes some key provisions and regulations from acts like the Copyright Act of 1957, Trademarks Act of 1999, and Designs Act of 2000 that govern intellectual property rights in India.
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Intellectual Property Rights in India.pdf
1. REFERENCE NOTE
No.57/RN/Ref./Nov/2017
For the use of Members of Parliament NOT FOR PUBLICATION1
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN INDIA
Prepared by Smt. Rachna Sharma, Additional Director (23034591) and Smt. Seema Jain, Deputy Director
of Lok Sabha Secretariat under the supervision of Smt. Kalpana Sharma, Joint Secretary and
Smt. Anita Khanna, Director. se of the Members in the discharge of their Parliamentary duties, and is not
for publication.
The Reference Note is for personal use of the Members in the discharge of their Parliamentary duties, and is not for
publication. This Service is not to be quoted as the source of information as it is based on the sources indicated at
the end/in the text.
MEMBERS' REFERENCE SERVICE
LARRDIS
LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT, NEW DELHI
2. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN INDIA
Introduction
Intellectual property (IP) is related to human brain applied for creativity and
invention. Various efforts in terms of inputs of manpower, time, energy, skill,
money, etc., are required to invent or create something new. As per law, legal
rights or monopoly rights are given to creator or innovator to harvest the economic
benefits on their invention or creation. These Intellectual property rights (IPR) are
territorial rights that can be registered with a legal authority in some presentable or
tangible form which can be sold or bought or licensed, similar to physical property.
IPR provides a secure environment for investors, scientists, artists, designers,
traders etc. to foster innovation and scientific temper. In the present scenario of
Globalisation, IPR is the focal point in global trade practices and livelihood across
the world. A balanced IPR System is one of the key mechanisms to support
country's innovation and development objectives.
The development of any society directly depends on IPR and its policy
framework. Lack of IPR awareness results in the death of inventions, high risk
of infringement, economic loss and decline of an intellectual era in the country.
Classification of Intellectual Property Rights
On the basis of type of invention and creation of human mind and their
application, the IPRs are classified as follows:
1. Patents - A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention, which
is a product or a process that provides, in general, a new way of doing
something, or offers a new technical solution to a problem. Patentability
of any invention needs to fulfill certain criteria such as Usefulness,
3. 2
Novelty and Non obviousness. It provides protection for the invention
to the owner of the patent for a limited period, i.e 20 years.
2. Trademarks - A trademark is a distinctive sign which identifies certain
goods or services as those produced or provided by a specific person or
enterprise.1
It may be one or a combination of words, letters, and
numerals.2
3. Copyright and related rights - Copyright is a legal term describing
rights given to creators for their literary and artistic works.3
Creators
often sell the rights to their works to individuals or companies best able
to market the works in return for payment. These payments are often
made dependent on the actual use of the work, and are then referred to
as royalties.
4. Geographic indications of source - A Geographical Indication (GI) is a
sign used on goods that have a specific geographical origin and possess
qualities, reputation or characteristics that are essentially attributable to
that place of origin.4
The Geographical Indications of Goods
(Registration and Protection) Act 1999 (the Act) provide for registration
of Handicrafts as Geographical indications (GI).5
As on 31 July 2016,
1
Registration of a trademark is prima facie proof of its ownership giving statutory right to the
proprietor. Trademark rights may be held in perpetuity. The initial term of registration is for 10
years; thereafter it may be renewed from time to time.
2
Trademarks help consumer identify and purchase a product or service by its unique trademark
which ensures quality of the product, e.g. wool mark, Hallmark, etc.
3
The kinds of works covered by copyright include: literary works such as novels, poems, plays,
reference works, newspapers and computer programs; databases; films, musical compositions,
and choreography; artistic works such as paintings, drawings, photographs and sculpture;
architecture; and advertisements, maps and technical drawings.
4
Agricultural products typically have qualities that derive from their place of production and are
influenced by specific local factors, such as climate and soil. Basmati Rice and Darjeeling Tea
etc. are the best examples of GI.
5
The registration of GI is valid for a period of 10 years after which it may be renewed from time
to time.
4. 3
1152 GI Authorized user have been registered under the Act for
handicraft goods.6
5. Industrial designs - Industrial designs refer to creative activity which
results in the ornamental or formal appearance of a product and ‘design
right’ refers to a novel or original design that is accorded to the
proprietor of a validly registered design.7
The existing legislation on
industrial designs in India is contained in the New Designs Act, 2000
which aims at enacting a more detailed classification of design to
conform to the international system and to take care of the proliferation
of design-related activities in various fields.
6. Trade Secrets - Broadly speaking, any confidential business
information which provides an enterprise a competitive edge may be
considered a trade secret8
. Trade secrets encompass manufacturing or
industrial secrets and commercial secrets. The unauthorized use of such
information by persons other than the holder is regarded as an unfair
practice and a violation of the trade secret. Contrary to patents, trade
secrets are protected without registration.
7. Semiconductor Integrated Circuit of Layout Designs (SICLD)- All
electronic gadgets are very compact nowadays due to their integrated
circuits. These designs of circuits are creation of human mind as a
consequence of enormous investments and efforts of highly qualified
experts. The SICLD Act of 2000 9
empowers the registered proprietor
of the layout-design an inherent right to use the layout-design,
6
Lok Sabha Unstarred Ques. No.3498, dated 8 August 2016.
7
The initial term of protection is for 10 years from the date of filing, which can be extended for
an additional term of five years.
8
A trade secret can be protected for an unlimited period of time.
9
The initial term of registration is for 10 years.
5. 4
commercially exploit it and obtain relief in respect of any
infringement10
.
8. Protection of plant varieties & farmer’s rights - The objective of this
act is to recognize the role of farmers as cultivators and conservers and
the contribution of traditional, rural and tribal communities to the
country’s agro-biodiversity by rewarding them for their contribution
and to stimulate investment for R & D for the development of new plant
varieties to facilitate the growth of the seed industry which will ensure
the availability of high quality seeds11
and planting material to the
farmers.
9. Protection of Biological Diversity - The Biological Diversity Act
covers the traditional knowledge in the preamble itself. It also provides
for issues related to traditional knowledge under the umbrella of
associated knowledge within various provisions of the Biological
Diversity Act, 2002.12
The benefit claimers are conservers of biological
resources, creators and holders of knowledge and information relating
to the uses of biological resources.
10
Layout-designs can be registered, if they are; (i) original, (ii) inherently distinctive,
(iii) capable of being distinguishable from any other registered layout- design and (iv) if they
have not been commercially exploited for more than two years before date of application for
registration. Thus, the Act does not require ‘novelty’ (as in patents) but ‘distinctiveness’ for the
purpose of registration.
11
The duration of protection of registered varieties is different for different type of crops. For
example, trees and vines - 18 years; for other crops - 15 years; or extant varieties notified -
15 years from the date of notification under section 5 of the Seeds Act, 1966.
12
Under Section 7 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 the Indian industry is required to give
prior intimation to the concerned State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs) about obtaining the
biological resources for commercial utilization. The SBB will have the power to prohibit or
restrict any such activity, which violates the objectives of conservation, sustainable use and
equitable sharing of benefits.
6. 5
The IPR System in India
The origins of India’s IPR system date back to British colonial rule, when as
a colony the state enacted various rules and enforcement mechanisms pertaining to
IP rights. Post-independence, India retained elements of these structures while
updating some guiding regulations and other bureaucratic structures. As India
moved toward liberalization, privatization, and globalization in the 1990s and later,
Indian policymakers made further adjustments to keep up with growing needs of
domestic and international stakeholders. Indian IPR Laws fully conform to the
Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights under WTO
aegis.
IPR Policy 2016
Adopted in May 2016, the IPR Policy is a giant leap by the Government of
India to spur creativity and stimulate innovation. It lays the roadmap for the future
of IPRs in India. The Policy seeks to reinforce the IPR framework in the country
that will create public awareness about economic, social and cultural benefits of
IPRs among all sections of the society, stimulate IPR generation and
commercialization, modernize and strengthen service-oriented IPR administration
(see Annexure I) as also the enforcement and adjudicatory mechanisms for
combating IPR infringements.
Vision Statement of the Policy
(to create) An India where creativity and innovation are stimulated by Intellectual
Property for the benefit of all; an India where intellectual property promotes
advancement in science and technology, arts and culture, traditional knowledge
and biodiversity resources; an India where knowledge is the main driver of
development, and knowledge owned is transformed into knowledge shared.
7. 6
The Policy lays down seven objectives which are elaborated with steps to be
undertaken by the identified nodal Ministry/ Department. The objectives of the
Policy are:
1) IPR Awareness: Outreach and Promotion - To create public awareness
about the economic, social and cultural benefits of IPRs among all sections.
2) Generation of IPRs - To stimulate the generation of IPRs: India has a large
talent pool of scientific and technological talent spread over R&D
institutions, enterprises, universities and technical institutes. There is a need
to tap this fertile knowledge resource and stimulate the creation of IP assets.
(see Annexures II and III for no. of applications for patents and top
patentees.)
3) Legal and Legislative Framework - To have strong and effective IPR laws,
which balance the interests of rights owners with larger public interest.
4) Administration and Management - To modernize and strengthen service-
oriented IPR administration.
5) Commercialization of IPR - Get value for IPRs through commercialization.
6) Enforcement and Adjudication - To strengthen the enforcement and
adjudicatory mechanisms for combating IPR infringements.
7) Human Capital Development - To strengthen and expand human resources,
institutions and capacities for teaching, training, research and skill building
in IPRs.
The present IPR Policy aims to integrate IPR as a policy and strategic tool in
national development plans. It foresees a coordinated and integrated development
of IP system in India and the need for a holistic approach to be taken on IP legal,
administrative, institutional and enforcement related matters.
8. 7
IPR Status of India
India currently ranks 60th
out of 127 countries on the Global innovation
Index (GII) 2017, co-published by World-Intellectual Property Organization
(WIPO), Cornell University and INSEAD13
with Confederation of Indian Industry
& others as Knowledge Partners (see Annexure IV).
India ranks 14 overall in the presence of global R&D companies,
considerably better than comparable groups of lower- and upper-middle-income
economies. India also surpasses most other middle-income economies in science
and engineering graduates, gross capital formation, Gross Expenditure on Research
and Development (GERD) performed by business, research talent, on the input
side; quality of scientific publications, growth rate of GDP per worker, high-tech
and ICT services exports, creative goods exports, high-tech manufactures, and IP
receipts on the output side.
Conclusion
Today, India is on its way to adopting a balanced approach towards creating
a stimulus for the betterment of the IPR industry as a whole. Recent developments
in India, be it the New IPR policy or providing an effective toolkit in the form of
checklist that will act as a reckoner for the police to deal with IP crimes or
encouragement to innovators in terms of speedy patent examination in case they
file first in India, all are a part of much needed attempt to improve the overall
security of IPR and encouragement to create more IP in the country. India is having
all the resources in terms of available raw material, cheap labour, innovative and
creative dedicated manpower. No doubt that India will definitely harness its
13
INSEAD" is originally an acronym for the French "Institut Européen d'Administration des
Affaires" or European Institute of Business Administration.
9. 8
proportionate share in global trade by exploration in Intellectual Property Rights
and mark its footprint on international map as "Creative India; Innovative India'
रचना�क भारत ;अिभनव भारत".
Bibliography
1. Journal of Intellectual Property Rights Vol.22, January2017
2. Annual Report 2015-16: O/O Controller General Of Patents, Designs,
Trademarks And Geographical Indications
3. WWW.dcmse.govt.in/emerge/website
4. National Intellectual Property Rights Policy 2016: Department Of Industrial
Policy &Promotion
5. http://www.makeinindia.com/policy/intellectual-property-facts
6. www.globalinnovationindex.
7. National Bureau of Asian Research: India’s Innovation and IP Policies
Working Paper
8. Intellectual property and Tech. law updates January 2017
9. Laghu Udyog Samachar February 2016
10. Annexure-I
Office Structure of CGPDTM
Legislation and Department
Source: National Bureau of Asian Research: India’s Innovation and IP Policies Working
Papers.
Legislation Department Agency/Body
Patents Act, 1970 (amended in
1999,2002 and 2005)
Department of Industrial Policy &
Promotion
Controller General of Patents,
Designs and Trademarks (CGPDTM)
Designs Act, 2000 Department of Industrial Policy &
Promotion
Controller General of Patents,
Designs and Trademarks (CGPDTM)
Trade Marks Act, 1999 (amended in
2010)
Department of Industrial Policy &
Promotion
Controller General of Patents,
Designs and Trademarks (CGPDTM)
Geographical Indications of Goods
(Registration & Protection) Act. 1999
Department of Industrial Policy &
Promotion
Controller General of Patents,
Designs and Trademarks (CGPDTM)
Copyright is protected through
Copyright Act, 1957, as amended in
2012
Department of Higher Education Copyright Office
Layout of transistors and other
circuitry elements is protected through
The Semiconductor Integrated
Circuits Layout-Design Act, 2000
Department of Information
Technology
Semiconductor Integrated Circuits
Layout Design Registry
New varieties of plants are protected
through the Protection of Plant
Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act,
2001
Department of Agriculture and
Cooperation.
Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights
Authority
Ministry of Commerce and Industry
Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion
Office of the Controller General of Patents Designs and Trademarks
The Patent office
(including Design) at
Kolkata, Delhi,
Mumbai and
Chennai
The Geographical
Indication Registry
at Chennai
Patent Information
System at Nagpur
Rajiv Gandhi National
Institute of Intellectual
Property
Management at
Nagpur
The Trademark
Registry at Kolkata,
Delhi, Mumbai,
Chennai and
Ahmadabad
11. Annexure-II
IPR TREND AT A GLANCE
FILING OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY APPLICATIONS
Source: : Annual Report 2015-16: O/O Controller General Of Patents, Designs, Trademarks
And Geographical Indications
Application
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Patent 43,197 43,674 42,951 42,763 46,904
Design 8,373 8,337 8,533 9,327 11,108
Trade mark 1,83,588 1,94,216 2,00,005 2,10,501 2,83,060
Geographical Indication 148 24 75 47 14
Total 2,35,306 2,46,251 2,51,564 2,62,638 3,41,086
12. Annexure-III
TOP 5 INDIAN PATENTEES
SL. NO. NAME OF ORGANIZATION PATENTS
GRANTED
1 COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL
RESEARCH
113
2 SAMSUNG R& D INSTITUTE INDIA-BANGALORE
PRIVATE LIMITED
55
3 BHARAT HEAVY ELECTICALS LIMITED 45
4 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 40
5 DEFENCE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
ORGANISATION
32
TOP 5 FOREIGN RESIDENT PATENTEES
SL. NO. NAME OF ORGANIZATION PATENTS
GRANTED
1 GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS, INC 252
2 QUALCOMM INCORPORATED 212
3 LG ELECTRONICS INC. 89
4 KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. 68
5 HONDA MOTOR CO. LTD. 65
Source: : Annual Report 2015-16: O/O Controller General Of Patents, Designs, Trademarks
And Geographical Indications