1. The document discusses China's GDP per capita relative to the US and examines factors in the GDP formula such as population size and total GDP that influence whether a country is considered rich or poor.
2. It also looks at why politicians may want to restrict trade and mentions tariffs as an example of a trade restriction. Restricting trade could help save domestic jobs but may be a bad idea because of opportunity costs for consumers and countries overall.
3. The document provides examples of different types of trade restrictions and barriers governments can implement, such as tariffs, quotas, embargos and subsidies, and discusses the effects these can have on prices, competition and retaliation between countries.
This presentation by Chile was made during the break-out Session 2, “Techniques and evidence for assessing exclusive dealing and bundling” in the discussion “Economic analysis and evidence in abuse cases” held at the 20th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eac.
All of material inside is un-licence, kindly use it for educational only but please do not to commercialize it.
Based on 'ilman nafi'an, hopefully this file beneficially for you.
Thank you.
This presentation by Chile was made during the break-out Session 2, “Techniques and evidence for assessing exclusive dealing and bundling” in the discussion “Economic analysis and evidence in abuse cases” held at the 20th meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2021. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eac.
All of material inside is un-licence, kindly use it for educational only but please do not to commercialize it.
Based on 'ilman nafi'an, hopefully this file beneficially for you.
Thank you.
Comunicare l'Europa agli europei. Comunicazione, riforma istituzionale, siste...Cristina Belloni
Una analisi approfondita delle politiche di informazione e comunicazione adottate dall’Unione europea nei confronti dei cittadini comunitari, con l'obiettivo di capire cosa e quanto sia stato fatto, fino ad oggi, per “comunicare l’Europa agli europei”. L’obiettivo perseguito è duplice: da un lato, sono prese in esame le singole azioni di informazione e comunicazione poste in essere dalle Istituzioni comunitarie nei confronti degli europei nel tentativo di ricostruirne l’iter cronologico; dall’altro, si indagano le ragioni che sottendono alla “necessità comunicativa” nel contesto europeo soprattutto in rapporto ad alcune sfide di natura istituzionale e politica che l’Unione europea ha già affrontato o dovrà affrontare nell’immediato futuro, dagli allargamenti del 2004 e del 2007, al difficile iter di ratifica del Trattato di Lisbona (che si lega all’iter ancora più controverso del progetto di Trattato Costituzionale, naufragato nel 2005 dopo la “bocciatura” per via referendaria di Olanda e Francia), alle elezioni del 2009 per il rinnovo del Parlamento europeo, nonché alle controverse e insolute questioni del “deficit democratico” e della/delle identità dell’Unione europea.
Microeconomics - Comparative Advantage and International TradeKushal Agarwal
How countries use comparative advantage and international trade to increase economic value. And how policies affecting international trade, also affect domestic market.
Comunicare l'Europa agli europei. Comunicazione, riforma istituzionale, siste...Cristina Belloni
Una analisi approfondita delle politiche di informazione e comunicazione adottate dall’Unione europea nei confronti dei cittadini comunitari, con l'obiettivo di capire cosa e quanto sia stato fatto, fino ad oggi, per “comunicare l’Europa agli europei”. L’obiettivo perseguito è duplice: da un lato, sono prese in esame le singole azioni di informazione e comunicazione poste in essere dalle Istituzioni comunitarie nei confronti degli europei nel tentativo di ricostruirne l’iter cronologico; dall’altro, si indagano le ragioni che sottendono alla “necessità comunicativa” nel contesto europeo soprattutto in rapporto ad alcune sfide di natura istituzionale e politica che l’Unione europea ha già affrontato o dovrà affrontare nell’immediato futuro, dagli allargamenti del 2004 e del 2007, al difficile iter di ratifica del Trattato di Lisbona (che si lega all’iter ancora più controverso del progetto di Trattato Costituzionale, naufragato nel 2005 dopo la “bocciatura” per via referendaria di Olanda e Francia), alle elezioni del 2009 per il rinnovo del Parlamento europeo, nonché alle controverse e insolute questioni del “deficit democratico” e della/delle identità dell’Unione europea.
Microeconomics - Comparative Advantage and International TradeKushal Agarwal
How countries use comparative advantage and international trade to increase economic value. And how policies affecting international trade, also affect domestic market.
HUSC 3362 Chp 1: The Consumer in a Free SocietyRita Conley
The first chapter of the text provides and overview of how our economy works, an historical view of consumerism and consumer rights and responsibilities.
Thesis and Outline of Final PaperThis assignment is to be a thor.docxbarbaran11
Thesis and Outline of Final Paper
This assignment is to be a thorough outline, including components as detailed below, of your Final Paper.
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of the following public policy topics:
· Environmental Concerns
· Immigration
· Health Care
· Primary and Secondary Public Education
· Social Security
· Welfare
Your outline of the topic will include:
a. The scope and nature of the public policy problem.
b. How the problem came to public and political awareness.
c. The evolution of related public policy.
d. Level of government and the actors involved.
e. The intergovernmental structure and political concerns.
f. Conflicting public opinion and impact on policy solutions.
g. The approaches to policy formulation, adoption, and evaluation.
h. The suggested policy direction (continuation, change or termination) and future impact.
This assignment is to include a title page, introductory paragraph with thesis statement, outline of your major points, summarizing or concluding paragraph, and reference page. It must be at least four pages in length and include a minimum of five scholarly sources, including a minimum of four from the Ashford University Library. Your paper must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. All sources must be properly cited in text, and your paper must include a separate title page and reference page. The Ashford Writing Center is located within the Learning Resources tab, on the left navigation toolbar.
Your outline should be organized as follows:
1. Title page (one page)
2. Introduction with thesis statement
3. Outline of topic
4. Concluding paragraph
5. Reference page (one page)
Final Paper
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of the following public policy topics:
· Environmental Concerns
· Immigration
· Health Care
· Primary and Secondary Public Education
· Social Security
· Welfare
Your analysis of the topic will include:
1. The scope and nature of the public policy problem.
2. How the problem came to public and political awareness.
3. The evolution of related public policy.
4. Level of government and the actors involved.
5. The intergovernmental structure and political concerns.
6. Conflicting public opinion and impact on policy solutions.
7. The approaches to policy formulation, adoption, and evaluation.
8. The suggested policy direction (continuation, change or termination) and future impact.
Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
1. Must be eight to ten double-spaced pages in length (including title and reference pages), and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
2. Must include a title page with the following:
a. Title of paper
b. Student’s name
c. Course name and number
d. Instructor’s name
e. Date submitted
3. Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
4. Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
5. Mus.
1. 1. What is China’s GDP per capita?
Population 1.3 billion (same as .0013 trillion)
GDP in $$: 6 trillion
2. Does that make China a rich or poor country compared
to the US? (GDP/capita: $48,000)
3. What part of the GDP formula might make politicians
want to restrict trade?
4. Why might that be a bad idea?
5. Where was your shirt made?
2.
3.
4. 2 producers:
3 groups of consumers
Sellers decide price and give pitch
Buyers decide which tires to buy
Save American Jobs Bill
20% tariff on all foreign goods
5. • Mankiw calls it “open
economy”
• Free trade = absence of
restrictions of goods/services
• List 3 winners & 3 losers if all
countries had free trade
• Winners: consumers,
middlemen, retailers, poor
countries?
• Losers: local producers,
politicians, rich countries?
6. Lower prices for consumers
More competition leading to better products
Job opportunities for producers
Job opportunities in buyer countries
Opportunity costs?
9. Tariffs
Tax on imports
Result: higher price for consumers, job saving
Opportunity cost
Example: sugar
Quotas
Limit on imports
Result: high prices, less choice
Examples: Japanese full sized trucks
Lexus, Infinity, etc
10. Embargos
Banning imports
Result: less exports for embargoed
country
Subsidies
Gov’t help for industries
Result: higher taxes locally, other
countries retaliate
11. Dumping
Flooding market with subsidized imports
Hope to eliminate competition and raise price
Not much LR evidence
12.
13. If you need to: read Mankiw Ch 29
Page 641, Problems: 1-5,8, 12