The document outlines various government initiatives in India aimed at enhancing the fisheries sector, including the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), the Blue Revolution Scheme, and the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), with significant financial allocations for sustainable development. It also highlights research and training efforts by institutions and state departments to improve aquaculture practices, along with the importance of efficient water management and environmental protection. Additionally, it emphasizes the adoption of modern technologies and practices to promote responsible aquaculture and biodiversity conservation.

1. Institutional Support
Dr. Abhishek Giri

2. Government Policies and Schemes
PMMSY
• The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) is a flagship scheme launched
by the Government of India in 2020 to enhance the sustainable development of the
fisheries sector, promote pisciculture (fish farming), and boost fish production in the
country.
• Financial Outlay:
• The total outlay for the PMMSY scheme is approximately ₹20,050 crore over a period of
five years (2020-2025).
Blue Revolution Scheme
• The Blue Revolution Scheme is an initiative by the Government of India aimed at
boosting the overall development of the fisheries sector.
• Financial Outlay:
• The Blue Revolution Scheme is being implemented with an estimated financial outlay of
₹3,000 crore over a period of several years. This amount is allocated across various
components, including infrastructure development, capacity building, research, and
financial support to fish farmers.

3. NMCG
• The National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) is an
initiative launched by the Government of India
under the Namami Gange Programme in 2014, with
the objective of cleaning and rejuvenating the
Ganga River.
• It aims to reduce pollution levels, restore the river's
ecological health, and promote sustainable
development around the river basin.
• The mission has a broad focus, including not only
river cleaning but also the conservation of water
resources, biodiversity, and the promotion of
sustainable practices in the region.

4. Financial Assistance and Subsidy Programs
• Credit Support through NABARD: The National
Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
(NABARD) provides financing for pisciculture
ventures through various schemes.
• Subsidy Schemes: Various state governments
and the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry
and Dairying (MoFAHD) offer subsidies for pond
construction, fish seed stocking, and other
aquaculture-related activities.

5. Research and Development
• Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE): CIFE provides
training, research, and education to aquaculture professionals.
It also plays a role in developing new techniques and
improving the productivity of aquaculture systems.
• Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA): Focuses
on freshwater fish farming and conducts research on
improving fish farming techniques, disease management, and
fish breeding.
• National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB): Provides
technical support, training, and implements various
development schemes for pisciculture across India.
• State Fisheries Departments: Each state has its own fisheries
department that provides localized support, extension
services, and financial assistance for aquaculture projects.

6. Training and Capacity Building
• Fisheries Extension Services: State and national
fisheries departments conduct training programs,
workshops, and extension services to equip
farmers with technical knowledge about modern
aquaculture practices.
• Skill Development Initiatives: Various programs
focus on skill development for fish farmers,
covering areas like fish breeding, feed
management, fish health management, and
sustainable aquaculture practices.

7. Water Resource Management
and Quality Control
Dr. Abhishek Giri

8. Efficient Use of Water in Aquaculture
• Water Circulation and Recirculation Systems: Aquaculture
farms can utilize Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS)
and closed-loop water systems that help in recycling and
filtering water, reducing the overall demand for fresh water.
• Water Harvesting and Storage: Rainwater harvesting
techniques and the construction of small reservoirs or
ponds for storing water are essential, especially in areas
with erratic rainfall, ensuring a continuous water supply for
aquaculture.
• Use of Groundwater: Groundwater can be tapped for
aquaculture, but it must be monitored for quality and
sustainability to avoid over-exploitation and salinity issues.

10. Water Quality Monitoring and Maintenance
• Regular Water Testing: Continuous monitoring of water
quality is vital. Parameters like dissolved oxygen (DO), pH
level, temperature, ammonia (NH₃), nitrites (NO₂),
nitrates (NO₃), salinity, alkalinity, and turbidity must be
tested regularly.
• Water Exchange: In pond-based aquaculture systems,
regular water exchange helps maintain water quality by
diluting the build-up of harmful substances, including
waste products from fish and uneaten food.
• Use of Biofilters: Biofilters can help manage nitrogenous
waste and improve water quality by providing a habitat for
beneficial bacteria that break down toxic compounds.

11. Environmental Protection
Dr. Abhishek Giri

12. Sustainable Aquaculture Practices
• Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)
• Polyculture Systems
• Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS)
Water Quality Management
• Efficient Water Use
• Regular Monitoring
Biodiversity Conservation
• Preservation of Native Species
• Protection of Wetlands and Ecosystems
• Conservation of Endangered Species
• Preventing Overfishing and Over-exploitation

13. Technology Adoption
Dr. Abhishek Giri

14. • Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS)
• Genetically Improved Fish Strains (GIFT Tilapia)
• Aquaculture Automation and Smart Farming
(Automated feeder machine)
• Sustainable Fish Feed Production
• Biofloc Technology (BFT)
• Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)
• Mobile Apps and Digital Platforms