The document discusses key concepts related to health information systems and management. It defines information systems, management information systems, hospital information systems, and health informatics. It outlines objectives and characteristics of effective health information systems such as obtaining, managing, and using information to document and improve patient outcomes, individual and hospital performance. The document also discusses important processes in information systems like identifying needs, planning, capturing, processing, storing, transmitting and using data.

1.  ‫د‬
.
‫صابر‬ ‫عادل‬ ‫رامى‬
 ‫والرعايه‬ ‫الشامله‬ ‫الجوده‬ ‫اخصائى‬
‫الصحيه‬
 ‫والمنشأت‬ ‫المستشفيات‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫اخصائى‬
‫الصحيه‬
1

2. Management Of Information

3. Introduction
Health care is highly dependent on
information.
This includes information regarding
Individual patient
Care provided
Outcomes of care and
Performance of the organization.

4. Introduction
 Information is an important resource that is to be
used effectively and efficiently managed.
 All health care activities must be:
Coordinated and
Integrated throughout all departments.

5. Introduction
Information is a critical component
factor in achieving the mission of the
organization.
Information Management is Critical
Success Factor in:
 Any hospital Strategic Plan,
Objectives and goals
Developed based on assessed needs.

6. Introduction
Pressures for improved management
information:
Increased competition;
Cost containment; and fixed reimbursement
policies
Expanded government reporting requirements;
Information demands from third party
Increased complexity of internal operations
resulting from new medical knowledge and
advanced technologies.

7. Data
Design
Knowledge
Information
Information
management
cycle
Collection
Statistical analysis
Interpretation/
understanding
Proposal/
hypothesis
Data Based Decision Making
Planning Improvement Control

8. Information System Objectives
1. Medical quality assurance and outcomes
assessment
2. Cost control and productivity enhancement
3. Utilization analysis and demand estimation
4. Program planning and evaluation
5. Simplification of external reporting
6. Clinical research
7. Education

9. Types of information
Information based decision making
The four types of data/information are
necessary for clinical and strategic decision
making:
Patient specific
Knowledge based
Comparative performance
Aggregate

10. What is meant by:
• Information?
• System?
• Information management
• Information system
• Management information systems (MIS)
• Information technology
• Informatics
• Health informatics

11. The Information Ladder
Data
Knowledge
Information
Understanding
Insight
Wisdom judicious & purposeful
cause effect
Interpretation
Analysis
Processing
Raw facts and figures

12. System
System is a set of interacting or
interdependent entities, real or theoretical,
forming an integrated whole.

13. System
The term system has multiple meanings:
A way of organizing or planning.
A whole composed of relationships
among the members.
Most systems share the same common
characteristics.

14. System
Common characteristics include:
Systems have a structure that is defined by
its parts and processes.
Systems are overview of reality.
Systems tend to function in the same way.
The various parts of a system have
functional as well as structural
relationships.

15. Information Management
Obtain
Manage
Use

16. Information Management

17. Information Management
A process used to obtain, mange, and
use information to improve outcome.
It is a Critical Success Factor in
our hospital Strategic Plan,
objectives and goals.
It is one of the most valuable
resources.
It is necessary for the leadership to make
correct decisions.

19. Information System (IS)
 An Information System (IS) is the system of
persons, data records and activities that process
the data and information in a given organization,
including manual processes or automated
processes.
 Usually the term is used erroneously as a
synonym for computer-based information
systems, which is only the Information
technologies component of an Information
System.

20. Information System (IS)
A system of persons,
data records and
activities that process
the data and
information

21. Information System (cont.)
Information systems:
Automated or manual
Comprises people, machines, and/or methods
Organized to collect, process, transmit, and
disseminate data that represent user
information.

22. Information System (cont.)
The most common view of an information
system is one of
Input-Process-Output

23. The computer-based information
systems
The computer-based information systems
are the field of study for Information
technologies (IT).
However these should hardly be treated
apart from the bigger Information System
that they are always involved in.

24. Management Information System (MIS)
'MIS' is a planned system of collecting,
processing, storing and disseminating data
in the form of information needed to carry
out the functions of management.
An information system consists of
people, equipment, and procedures to
gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and
distribute needed, timely, and accurate
information to decision makers.

25. Management Information
System (MIS)
 The terms MIS and information system are often
confused with:
Information systems that are not intended for
decision making.
Information technology management.
Computer science.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) as ERP
incorporates elements that are not necessarily
focused on decision support.

26. Hospital information system (HIS)

27. Hospital information system
(HIS)
HIS, variously also called clinical
information system (CIS) is a
comprehensive, integrated information
system designed to manage the
administrative, financial and clinical
aspects of a hospital.
This encompasses paper-based information
processing as well as data processing
machines.

28. Hospital Information System
(HIS)
 As an area of medical informatics the aim of an
HIS is to achieve the best possible support of
patient care and administration by electronic data
processing.
 It can be composed of one or a few software
components with specialty-specific extensions as
well as of a large variety of sub-systems in
medical specialties e.g. Laboratory Information
System, Radiology Information System).

29. Hospital information system
(HIS)
CISs are sometimes separated from HISs
CISs concentrate on patient-related and
clinical-state-related data (electronic
patient record)
HISs keeps track of administrative issues.
The distinction is not always clear

30. Hospital information system
(HIS)
HIS, or (CIS):
Comprehensive, integrated
Designed to manage:
Administrative,
Financial and
Clinical
Paper-based as well as data processing
machines.

31. A Hospital Information System
Description:
Encompasses every aspect.
Includes everything
Coordinate and/or regulate information
throughout the entire hospital.
Keep doctors, nurses, and other hospital
personnel informed and up-to-date.

32. HIS covers every aspect, everything,
Entire hospital.

33. Health Informatics
 Health informatics or medical informatics is
the intersection of:
Information science
Computer science, and
Health care.
 It deals with the resources, devices, and methods
required to optimize the acquisition, storage,
retrieval, and use of information in health and
biomedicine.

34. Health informatics or medical informatics
Health care
Computer
science
Information
science

35. Health informatics
Health informatics tools include not only
computers but also:
Clinical guidelines,
Formal medical terminologies, and
Information and communication systems.

36. Health Informatics
Subdomains include:
Clinical informatics,
Nursing informatics,
Imaging informatics,
Consumer health informatics,
Public health informatics,
Dental informatics,
Clinical research informatics, and
Pharmacy informatics.

37. Health Informatics (Comt.)
 Health care informatics has been defined as: "A
field of study concerned with the broad range of
issues in the management and use of biomedical
information, including medical computing and the
study of the nature of medical information itself.“
 "If physiology literally means ‘the logic of life’,
and pathology is ‘the logic of disease’, then
Health informatics is the logic of healthcare.

38. Aspects of Health informatics
 Architectures
 Decision support systems
 Standards
 Controlled medical vocabularies (CMVs)
 Use of hand-held or portable devices

39. Healthcare Management Informatics
Healthcare Management Informatics (HMI)
can be defined as that subset of health
informatics dedicated to the study, design
and implementation of information
technology solutions.
HMI involves the study of the needs of
healthcare management practitioners,
including information presentation and
decision support.

40. Aggregate data
Aggregate data describes data combined
from several measurements.
They are standardized data and
information
Aggregate data are measurement data
collected and reported by an organization
as a sum or total over a period of time.

41. Sub-domains of health care informatics
Clinical informatics,
Nursing informatics,
Imaging informatics,
Public health informatics,
Dental informatics, and
Pharmacy informatics.

42. HIS Goals
JCI: HIS support decision making to:
 Improve patient outcome
 Improve healthcare documentation
 Improve patient safety
 Improve performance in patient
care, treatment, and services and
governance, management and
support processes.

43. Objectives
Obtain, manage, and use information
to document and improve:
 Patient outcomes,
 Individual performance and
 Hospital performance
Timely and efficient access to
information throughout the
organization.

44. Objectives (cont.)
Improved accuracy and integrity of
data.
Define the levels of access to data
throughout the organization.
Describe the use of aggregate data,
along with external knowledge bases
and comparative data to pursue
opportunities for improvement.

45. Objectives (cont.)
Delineate important information
related to processes to improve
efficiency.
Enhance collaboration and information
sharing to support patient care.

46. Objectives (cont.)
Integrate financial, managerial and
clinical data to improve the
management, efficiency, and quality
of patient care.
Develop methods for monitoring data
communications.
Analyze and establish a retrieval
system of knowledge based
information.

47. Objectives (cont.)
Maintain optimal use of systems
through ongoing education.
Comply with all quality and
accreditation standards.

48. Characteristics Of Effective
HIS
Information not data (DRIP):
Data must be processed intelligently in
accordance with the predesigned plan before
they become information useful to the
management.
Relevant:
Data collected must be appropriate for the use
to which they will be put.

49. Sensitive:
Data must provide discrimination and
meaningful comparison for the operating
mangers.
Unbiased:
Information should not be collected or
analyzed in such a way to meet self fulfilling
management prophecy.
Characteristics Of Effective
HIS

50. Characteristics Of Effective
HIS
 Comprehensive:
All important elements or components of a
system should be visible to those charged
with decision making responsibility.
 Timely:
Data must be available in advance of the
time when decision or actions are required.

51. Action oriented:
Data should be synthesized in such a way as
to facilitate the decision process rather than
jut presenting passive facts about the current
operation.
Uniform:
Data should provide indicators that can be
compared over time, both internally (against
previous performance) and externally (against
the experience of other institutions).
Characteristics Of Effective
HIS

52. Performance targeted:
Data element should be designed and
collected n reference to predetermined goal
and objectives.
Cost effective:
The anticipated benefits to be obtained from
having the information available should exceed
the cost of collecting and processing the
information.
Characteristics Of Effective
HIS

53. Key Processes
Identify needs
Plan and design
Capture, organize
and report
Process and analyze
Store and retrieve
Transmit, display,
disseminate,
Integrate and use
Safeguard