Indian Culture

1. India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the Republic of India. For other uses, see India (disambiguation).
Republic of India
Bhārat Gaṇarājya
Flag
State emblem
Motto: "Satyameva Jayate" (Sanskrit)
"Truth Alone Triumphs"[1]
Anthem: "Jana Gana Mana" (Hindi)[2]
"Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People"[3][2]
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National song
"Vande Mataram" (Sanskrit)
"I Bow to Thee, Mother"[a][1][2]

2. Area controlled by India shown in dark green;
claimed but uncontrolled regions shown in light green.
Capital New Delhi
28°36.8′N 77°12.5′E
Largest city Mumbai
18°58′30″N 72°49′33″E
Official languages  Hindi
 English[b][6]
Recognised
regional languages
State level and
Eighth Schedule[7]
[show]
National language None[8][9][10]
Religion  79.8% Hinduism
 14.2% Islam
 2.3% Christianity
 1.7% Sikhism
 0.7% Buddhism
 0.4% Jainism
 0.9% others[c][11]
Demonym Indian
Government Federal parliamentary
constitutionalrepublic[1]
• President Ram Nath Kovind
• Vice-President Venkaiah Naidu
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi
• Chief Justice Dipak Misra

3. • Lok Sabha Speaker Sumitra Mahajan
Legislature Parliament of India
• Upper house Rajya Sabha
• Lower house Lok Sabha
Independence from theUnited Kingdom
• Dominion 15 August 1947
• Republic 26 January 1950
Area
• Total 3,287,263[5]
km2
(1,269,219 sq mi)[d]
(7th)
• Water (%) 9.6
Population
• 2017 estimate 1,326,572,000[12]
(2nd)
• 2011 census 1,210,854,977[13][14]
(2nd)
• Density 393.5/km2
(1,019.2/sq mi) (31st)
GDP (PPP) 2017 estimate
• Total $9.489 trillion[15]
(3rd)
• Per capita $7,153[15]
(122nd)
GDP (nominal) 2017 estimate
• Total $2.454 trillion[15]
(6th)
• Per capita $1,850[15]
(141st)
Gini (2013) 33.9[16]
medium · 79th
HDI (2015) 0.624[17]
medium · 131st
Currency Indian rupee(₹) (INR)
Time zone IST (UTC+05:30)
DST is not observed
Date format DD-MM-YYYY
Drives on the left
Calling code +91
ISO 3166 code IN

4. Internet TLD .in
India, officially the Republic of India (Bhārat Gaṇarājya),[e]
is a country in South Asia. It is
the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion
people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian
Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the
southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west;[f]
China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the
northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is
in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a
maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd
millennium BCE. In the following millennium, the oldest scriptures associated
with Hinduism began to be composed. Social stratification, based on caste, emerged in the
first millennium BCE, and Buddhism and Jainism arose. Early political consolidations took
place under the Maurya and Gupta empires; the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms influenced
cultures as far as southeast Asia. In the medieval era, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity,
and Islam arrived, and Sikhism emerged, all adding to the region's diverse culture. Much of
the north fell to the Delhi sultanate; the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire.
The economy expanded in the 17th century in the Mughal Empire. In the mid-18th century,
the subcontinent came under British East India Company rule, and in the mid-19th under
British crown rule. A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century, which later,
under Mahatma Gandhi, was noted for nonviolent resistance and led to India's independence
in 1947.