Experiment 3 characterized the static process of a restriction to measure its gain and determine the process diagram. The restriction is the resistance of a drain valve's ability to allow water to flow through it. To calculate the restriction, the experimenter must first determine if the water flow is laminar or turbulent, as this will determine the method used where laminar flow uses the slope of a graph of steady state flow rate versus level, and turbulent flow uses twice the steady state level divided by the steady state flow rate.

1. Experiment 3 :
characteristic of static
process

2. Objective :
1-To measure static gain of the
process ( Restriction)
2-To determine diagram of the
process

3. Restriction : is a resistance of the
drain valve to drain the water
through it .

4. Note :
Before we calculate (Restriction)
we must know if the flow
laminar or turbulent

5. In laminar flow :
(Restriction) = slope graph
between flow rate at steady state
(X axes ( and steady state level
Steady state
level
Flow rate

6. In turbulent flow :
Restriction =2*steady state
level at operating point /steady
state
flow rate at operating point
R= 2H/Q

9. Voltage 10 9 8 7
Flow rate
(L/h)
Level steady state
Re Flow velocity × D pipe
1× 10-6 m2/s
R