Imran Khan as a Prime Minister of Pakistan, What could be the consequences

IMRAN KHAN AS A PRIME MINISTER OF PAKISTAN
WHAT COULD BE THE CONSEQUENCES
RESEARCH PROJECT
Submitted to
Mr. Bakre Najimdeen
Submitted by
Syed Nawazish Ali
REGISTRATION NO
1443-313003
DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
PRESTON UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD CAMPUS,
ISLAMABAD
June 16, 2015

CERTIFICATE
It is certified that the research project titled “Imran Khan as a Prime
Minister of Pakistan what could be the consequences” prepared by Syed
Nawazish Ali, Registration No. 1443-313003 has been approved for
submission to Preston University, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad.
BAKRE NAJIMDEEN
Research Project Supervisor

DEDICATION
This piece of work is dedicated to my parents and my love.

Acknowledgement
Our great reverence and humble thanks to Almighty Allah who
bestowed upon me enough dynamism and support to work and to finish task.
Who through his divine book always motivates us to get his unlimited grace
and who has bestowed us the most powerful thing in his world, the brain and
enabled us to complete his project. All the respect and love to our beloved
Holy Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H), who after a lot of hardship and
difficulties made us able to recognize our Allah and to distinguish Virtue
and evil.
It would be sacrilege not to acknowledge tremendously valuable effort
of our teachers whom have passed on their knowledge, wisdom and
experience through the past years which built us to the men we are today.
Syed Nawazish Ali
Student of M.Sc (International Relations)
Registration No. 1443-313003
Preston University, Islamabad Campus,
Islamabad

Table of contents
Chapter 1:
1.1. Statement of Problem
1.2. Research Hypothesis
1.3. Research Question
1.4. Research Methodology
1.5. Objective of the Study
1.6. Research Significance
1.7. Literature Review
Chapter 2:
2.1 Pakistan between Democratization and Military Rule
2.2 Pakistan between Presidential and Primeministerial system
2.3 Liberalism and Religion
2.4 Party system in Pakistan
2.5 Political leaders of political Parties
Questionnaire
Theoretical Framework
Frequency Statistic
Conclusion
Bibliography

Imran Khan as a Prime Minister of Pakistan what could be the consequences
Statement of problem
Imran Khan does not need Pakistan or its top job for personal enrichment or popularity.
Imran Khan has been blessed with more wealth and fame than most could ask for. On the
other hand, nearly every other Pakistani leader has used government positions to plunder
the nation's limited resources. All other major parties have had their shot. Nawaz Sharif is
kicking and screaming about how he can fix everything if only he had one more chance.
Not only did Nawaz squander previous opportunities and large mandates to “fix
Pakistan”, he actually joined hands with the last plunderer Asif Ali Zardari in a unity
government that effectively destroyed Pakistan over the last 5 years with anti-incumbent
sentiment running high as voters blame the country’s two largest parties for the ugly
status quo. The two major parties are seen by many as having been tried, tested, and
failed. Each has had two previous shots at running the country since 1988. You would
have to dig deep to find a leader in Pakistan's checkered history whose sincerity cannot
be questioned, or who did not enrich him/herself while in government. Pakistan's politics
is especially dirty, yet the minions of other parties have not been able to find a single area
in which Imran Khan cheated others financially or acquired fund illegally. Our Political
system had been captured by political dynasty but the scenario got entered into a new
phase of awareness.
Pakistan’s political class began to take Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf (PTI) seriously last fall
as the party organized a series of large rallies in Punjab and after that many successful
Jalsaa’s held by PTI in the core cities of Pakistan with the large participation of public.
The Azadi march of 120 days was a smartly choreographed and nationally televised
spectacle, featuring religious conservatives, students from the city’s elite schools,
colleges, universities and well-to-do house-wives. Azadi march was the awareness to call
for the peoples of Pakistan to stand up for their own rights that had been snatched by the
status quo. As we have seen the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf gave the chance to the
educated youth to participate in politics. The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf made the history
by having the large participation of woman’s in the Azadi march and also the old citizens
1

who are also in the favor of Imran khan to be the next Prime Minister of Pakistan as hope
for the good future of Pakistan. PTI has developed a five pillar Emergency Reforms
Program to address the critical challenges facing by Pakistan today and break free from
the vicious cycle of low growth, high inflation and rising poverty, Energy reforms,
Expenditure reforms, Tax reforms, Institutional reforms, Education and Health reforms.
The poverty has been increasing in the country due to rising corruption and the only
solution to control inflation in the country is to eliminate corruption and to take action
against those involved in corrupt practices. The economy of the country will be increased
by recovering public money from foreign countries which some corrupt leaders has kept
in off-shore accounts there, such step would definitely be taken by PTI because it had
been direct link with inflation and poverty.1
The PTI economic policy envisages an indigenous investment and trade driven growth
strategy for sustaining a welfare state. PTI targets to ramp up investment spending to
21.4% of GDP by 2018 after collapsing to 12.4% under PPP/ PML-N/ allies. Investment
will be ramped up by resolving the energy crisis and increasing credit access to private
sector credit by reducing crowding out by large government borrowings, and bringing
down the interest rates. PTI will place special emphasis on inviting overseas Pakistani’s
to invest in Pakistan. To facilitate the massive infrastructure investments which will be
required a specialized Infrastructure financing institution will be set up.2
PTI Chairman Imran Khan said that the country will no longer be in need of any foreign
aid if voted to power as the main focus of the PTI would be on human development and
to eradicate corruption from the country. The poor law and order situation had compelled
the investors to stop businesses in Pakistan.
PTI will have to articulate its plans to increase government revenue and reduce federal
debt; salvage sinking government-owned corporations. Imran Khan opposed Pakistani
1
Asad Umar, “Money Matters,” The News, March 02, 2015.
http://www.thenews.com.pk/newsmag/mag/detail_article.asp?id=5176&magId=10
2
The Express Tribune, “PTI Economic Policy,” August 26, 2012.
http://tribune.com.pk/story/426492/ptis-economic-policy/
2

military operations in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and warned to
government if once a war with the local tribes begins, the entire army will be stuck in the
tribal areas forever. The performance of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Inssaf in its province Khyber
Pakhtun Khawa is quite obvious to make up the minds of people to see the Imran Khan as
a Prime Minister of Pakistan.
Research Hypothesis
Imran Khan as a Prime Minister of Pakistan would definitely be able to resolve the core
problems such as social, political, economic issues, subvert war on terror, and improve
the image of Pakistan on international sphere.
Research questions
Q. 1 Would Imran Khan’s government capable enough to change the system or
eventually over taken by the system?
Q.2 What are the reasons behind the Jalsa’s and Dharna of Imran Khan?
Q.3 What possibly domestic and external stumbling stones could impede
Imran Khan’s goal of change?
Q.4 Is Imran Khan really serious about change or simply making political
sounds?
Q.5 To what extent would Imran Khan’s government repair or further damage
Pakistan Image internationally?
Research Methodology
The research will be employing both qualitative and quantitative methods, for the
qualitative available literature on the subject shall be consulted. For the quantitative, the
research will be sampling opinion from range of dwellers in Islamabad. The research will
be sampling opinion of 250 peoples.
Objective of the Research
3

The purpose of this research is to analyses whether or not Imran Khan as a Prime
Minister would be able to change the system or become a part of the system.
Significance of the Study
This research will highlight the struggle of Imran Khan to change political system, social
life, change in economy system and create consciousness in people about the need for
changes.
Literature Review
Saleem (2015) argues that Imran Khan party motive for coming back to the parliament
was to take a firm stance against sending Pakistan army to Yemen soil for the sake of
aggression. Criticizing government decision to participate in US War on Terror in 2004,
Pakistan had suffered colossal losses, both in human resources and monetary terms and
expressed belief on not allowing such a military venture in the future. Vocalizing opinion
on the Yemen conflict, it was his party’s goal to make sure no backdoor deals were
conducted by government with Saudi Arabia to send troops, covertly or otherwise.3
Malik (2014) argue that best course of action for Imran Khan would be to immediately
return to the National Assembly to raise his voice against corruption, devote his energies
on improving governance in KPK and build his political bridges. Instead of beating the
dead horse over the issue of rigging, Imran Khan should play role of a strong opposition,
says a senior parliamentary leader from the opposition benches. Imran Khan can play the
role of a powerful opposition leader who can forcefully keep the government on the back
foot if his party acts as a bulwark against corruption.4
According to the News (2014) most of the Pakistani peoples strongly believe the present
election system is a main hurdle preventing Imran Khan from becoming the Prime
Minister of the country. The people do not want dictatorship as the alternative of
3
Kamran Saleem, “Imran Khan Defends Decision to Return to Parliament,” Dunya News, April 11, 2015.
http://www.Dunya news.com/authors/3438/
4
Maqbool Malik, “Imran Khan Can Stay Silent or Lose it All,” The Nation, December 29, 2014.
http://nation.com.pk/editors-picks/29-Dec-2014/imran-khan-can-stay-silent-or-lose-it-all
4

democracy, up till now the PML-N performance is not much good yet the public does not
see Imran Khan as savior of Pakistan.5
According to Customs Today (2014) Pakistan has losses equivalent to 2.1% of the GDP
due to dharna by Imran Khan. Pakistan achieved GDP growth of 4.1 percent during year
2013-14 which is the highest in seven years of economic and political uncertainty in the
country. The government has achieved strong fiscal consolidation despite challenges and
has contained fiscal deficit and ensured economic recovery by after years of recession.
The dharna of Imran Khan badly affected the economy of Pakistan.6
According to The News (2014) Imran Khan had been demanding the formation of a
three-member Judicial Commission (JC) till last month of July 2014 but this demand is
rejected by the Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in his national address. Either demand the
resignations of the Prime Minister, he arguing that an independent inquiry is not possible
in his presence. He also blamed that Prime Minister is also involved in rigging. Instead,
the barrage of his criticism centered on former chief justice (CJ) Iftikhar Muhammad
Chaudhry, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) and interim CM Punjab Najam
Sethi. However, he has not demanded the resignation of chief minister as doing so would
cost him the PTI government in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.7
Ahmed (2014) argues that Imran Khan entice the masses and instigate them to violate the
law and also to achieve their own interests and agenda. The promise of peaceful marche
and sit-in has not been kept. The dharna of Imran Khan negatively impact the internal and
external environment of Pakistan and also indication of violence in Islamabad. There is
no end in sight of the resolution of the political crises. Those in revolt against the
government are infecting deliberately working on a plan to weaken the institutions of the
5
The News, “People Do Not Want Imran Khan As PM: Gallup,” August 9, 2014.
https://www.google.com.pk/search?
newwindow=1&site=&source=hp&q=Pakistan+governance+forum&oq=Pakistan+governance+forum.
6
Customs Today, “Impact of Imran, Sit-Ins on Economy,” October 17, 2014.
http://customstoday.com.pk/impact-of-imran-qadri-sit-ins-on-economy/.
7
The News, “Imran Rejects Commission he Himself Demanded Last Month: Pakistan Governance Forum,”
August 11, 2014.
https://www.google.com.pk/webhp?sourceid=chromeinstant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF8#q=impact%20of
%20imran%20khan%20in%20international%20community%20pdf.
5

state and to challenge the writ and the sovereignty of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
They have damaged the image of Pakistan and are responsible for negatively affecting
the nation’s already fragile economy.8
Shah (2014) argues that although it is impossible to calculate the impact of Imran Khan’s
civil disobedience movement in presence of an alarming black or undocumented
economy. Imran Khan knows that the people of Pakistan having no knowledge about the
economy of Pakistan. He was trying to convince the peoples not to pay bills & taxes,
which play its role to disturb the government policies. The result of this movement could
be declining in working class incomes, job security, unemployment, weakening of the
national exchequer, immediate halt in on-going development, flight of capital, plunging
bourses, dried-up local and foreign investment, exports etc all of which can ultimately
combine to give birth to a vicious circle of poverty. He also says that Pakistani business
community not support the Imran Khan civil disobedience because even if a few of them
wish to side by PTI Chairman for one reason or the other, they cannot afford to take on
the state machinery by being rebellious.9
Malik (2014) argues that current political situation of Pakistan in the wake of dharna
tactics is bringing in a bad name for the country. She also criticizes the political regime of
Pakistan that everyone is trying to grab the power and no one is looking at the conditions
of Pakistan in international community. Pakistan has failed to reap the benefits of
Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) Plus Status yet, whereas the prevailing political
crisis may lead the country to wash its hands of the advantages in case of any political
setback. She also says Pakistan losses its economic achievements due to the non serious
behaviors of political parties since last decades.10
8
Iftikhar Ahmad, “Implications of the Protests,” The Nation, September 10, 2014.
http://nation.com.pk/Columnist/iftikhar-ahmad.
9
Sabir Shah, “Imran’s Civil Disobedience Plan and its Likely Economic Impact,” The News, August 18,
2014.
http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-32283-Imrans-civil-disobedience-plan-and-its-likely-
economic-impact
10
Amna Malik,”Impact of Dharnas on Economy and Foreign Relations,”PT, October 25, 2014.
http://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2014/10/25/comment/impact-of-dharnas-on-economy-and-foreign-
relations/
6

Ahsan (2014) argues that Imran Khan alleging the spread of rigging in the last year
general elections. He says Imran Khan is refusing the budget on one key demand; the
permanent or temporary resignation of Prime Minister of Pakistan. There is a weight in
what PTI says about electoral fraud, reforms and corruptions. On the other hand he also
worried that these demands are dangerous for the precedent groups, militants and future
to press their own peculiar demands.11
Flamenbaum (2012) describe that Khan’s popularity with oft-politically marginalized
groups and his emphasis on improving government accountability are focusing other
political parties to shift their responsiveness in ways which reflect changing notions of
the responsibilities of the state to its citizens. This change indicates a continuing
maturation in Pakistan economy.12
Butt (2012) argues that whenever Khan will come to power as a Prime Minister, the
situation will not miraculously change. The electricity, gas, and water supplies, poverty
and corruption will continue to remain short for months. That time Khan will be able to
blame the previous governments for wrecking the system until his followers start to
question against him. The international oil prices may continue to rise along with the
inflation rate. If Khan decides to stick to his rhetoric, he will quickly develop differences
with the seniors of the security and bureaucratic establishment.13
Imam (2012) argues that the fundamental law making in KPK has been exemplary far
more than any other provinces of Pakistan. Three administrative steps could change the
fate of the province; Independence police separation of police from political party and
politicians, independent National Accountability Bureau (NAB) from ruling political
11
Aitzaz Ahsan, “Containing the Crisis,” News Week, September 13, 2014, 28.
http://newsweekpakistan.com/containing-the-crisis/
12
Stephanie Flamenbaum, “The PTI and Pakistan’s Changing Political Landscape,” USIP, May 24, 2012.
http://www.usip.org/publications/the-pti-and-pakistan-s-changing-political-landscape
13
Samir Butt, “PTI Chairman will be the Next PM: New Face, Same Old Lines,” The Express Tribune,
January 11, 2012.
http://blogs.tribune.com.pk/story/9783/imran-khans-pti-new-face-same-old-lines.
7

party and ruling politicians and electronic voting system holding local government
(Baldiati) elections and transferring resources and power to local body/lower level.14
Pande (2011) argues that Pakistan’s Foreign Minister Shah Mahmud Qureshi’s statement
was pretty much clear to understand the foreign policy that “we have very independent
relationship with the United States. If India gets closer to US it will not affect us because
we have been allies for 60 years, India is shifting its policy. Policy has been
consistence.” The statement of Mr. Qureshi is not much good because the newer ally
should not give much importance rather than the old companion. Double standard game
plan of Americans still there because on one side US is in need and wants our help to
destroy the militancy and terrorism on the other hand not pressurizing India to resolve the
Kashmir issue.15
Hassan (2010) argues that Imran Khan is the inspiration for the majority of Pakistani
youth and they want to see Imran Khan as the future Prime Minister of Pakistan. He says
Pakistan is passing through crucial time just because there is no law in the country. The
progress of Pakistan is relay on the revolution done by the new generation. He also says
that it is not easy to see him as a leader because he has a small party which cannot fight
against well entrenched corrupt peoples who take Pakistan as their hereditary country.16
Shahzad (2006) argues that Imran Khan intend to extend from their base in North
Waziristan to Afghanistan to fuel the resistance there against the US and its allies.
Similarly, the movement will spread to "mainland" Pakistan in an effort to topple the pro-
American government in Islamabad. Pakistan is a key component of the United States
"war on terror". This anti-government movement will need a leader. The jihadi hardcore
is looking for one who will be untainted and not hand-in-glove with the military
establishment. So far, a general consensus is emerging that international cricketer turned
14
Syed Haider Imam, “PTI KPK Government Achievements,” Siasat, October 9, 2012.
http://www.siasat.pk/forum/register.php?s-cff8336c63e73eeabb34d3ab5fe370ed
15
Aparna Pande, Explaining Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: Escaping (India: Hudson Institute, 2011), 112-113.
16
Atif Hassan, “Pakistan Icons of Hope,” The Voice, September 16, 2010.
https://www.google.com.pk/?gws_rd=cr,ssl&ei=The+Voice+%22Pakistan+Icon+of+hope
%22+September+16%2C+2010
8

politician Imran Khan, head of the Pakistan Tehrik-i-Insaaf (Pakistan Justice Movement),
might be the man for the job. 17
Nugent et.al, (1997) discusses that starting of Imran Khan’s field work was very
impressed in every aspect, as a caption in a leadership manner a star and an object of
desire. On a social perspective his attainment of Cancer hospital is one of the examples of
his determination to work must be done. In this great cause international film stars and
entertainers also played an important role to assist him in a fund rising. His political
struggle is just to make the Pakistan strong on international sphere and also to make the
supremacy of rule of law in Pakistan to give relief the poor people’s by providing them
the basic rights. He wants to give awareness to the people that elite class of Pakistan will
always is in rule to demoralize the poor’s.18
17
Syed Saleem Shahzad, “Pakistan Battles the Forces Within,” Asian Times, March 7, 2006.
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/HC07Df04.html.
18
Stephen Nugent, Chris Shore, Anthropology and Culture Studies, (London: Pluto Press, 1997), 47-48.
9

Brief History of Political system of Pakistan since 1947
Pakistan between Democratization and Military Rule
The history of Pakistan between democracy and military ruler is very crucial. Due to
inefficient leaders, self interest, everybody struggle to gain power and step by step
changes in the system i.e. (democracy through military ruler and military ruler through
democracy) these factors are responsible to destabilize the political system as well as the
image of Pakistan in international atmosphere. After independence there was a need of
making the constitution for Pakistan and the Government of India Act 1935 was brought
as a constituent scripture with certain modifications as Interim constitution of Pakistan
1947 until the new constitution was to be enforced.19
The first Prime Minister of Pakistan Mr. Liaquat Ali Khan was killed in cold blood by a
hired Afghan agent and Jinnah’s successor as Governor General, Khawaja Nazimuddin,
stepped down from that post to become Prime Minister.20
The new Governor General,
Ghulam Muhammad began almost immediately to exercise powers far in excess of those
given to Governor Generals in the other dominions where parliamentary government was
used and the Governor Generals had powers that were mainly ceremonial. Ghulam
Muhammad dismissed to the Nazimuddin without permitting him to test his right to
remain in office through a vote of confidence in the legislature.
The constitution was finalized in 1956 and the basic theme of this constitution was liberty
and equality. This constitution was parliamentary but the method of electing the
parliament could not be agreed upon because West Pakistani insisted on continuing the
separate electoral system and the East Pakistani’s wanted joint electorates system and no
election was ever held under the 1956 constitution. Due to inefficient performance of
parliamentarians the military dictator Commander in Chief, General Muhammad Ayub
Khan take over the government in 1958 and imposed martial law to gained more
control.21
19
Lubna Kanwal, and Massarrat Abid, “The Interim Constitution 1947: Centre-Province Relations and the
Punjab 1947-1955,” Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 32, no. 1 (2012), 123-135.
http://www.bzu.edu.pk/PJSS/Vol32No12012/Final_PJSS-32-1-09.pdf
20
Ahmed Akbar S, Pakistan Society, (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1988).
21
Baxter Craig, Political Development in Pakistan, (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001).
10

After passing a new presidential constitution in 1962 General Ayub Khan ruled until
1969 and forced to hand over the reins of power to another military dictator General
Muhammad Yahya Khan. In his tenure the protests led by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and his
newly founded democratic party (Pakistan People’s Party) against dictatorship. General
Yahya Khan presided over a disastrous military campaign in East Pakistan loss to India in
the war of 1971 but the martial law was lifted and a new constitution was promulgating in
1962. This constitution was democratic but in March 1969 the country plunged into yet
another constitutional and political crisis leading to imposition of martial law and the
constitution was abrogated. After the resignation of military dictator the Democratic
Party (Pakistan People’s Party) came into power and constitution of 1973 was passed
with major modifications remains the constitutional documents in Pakistan today. The
general elections were held in 1977 and there were serious allegations of rigging and
there was country wide street agitation which prompted the army to take over.
Assemblies were dissolved and government was dismissed but this time the constitution
was not abrogated but it was declared to be, held in abeyance. In this period the
constitutional deviation continued till 1985 when the constitution was revived and with
this came the 18th
amendment in the constitution which was approved by the Parliament.
The prime legacy of the Zia era namely enhanced presidential powers and islamisation
measures, continued to haunt the nation’s political landscape for another decade.22
During his tenure the constitution was totally changed due to lots of amendments, some
of these brought in Islamic rules. He took a right to dismiss the Prime Minister without
the vote of confidence in the National Assembly. These powers he dismissed the Ministry
of Muhammad Khan Junejo in May 1988 and ordered new elections at the national and
provincial levels. Supreme Court of Pakistan overturned the rule that elections must be
held on a non party basis which was given by General Zia-Ul-Haq. At the end
Presidential power to remove a Prime Minister and dissolve the assemblies was used
22
Malik Aziz, Pakistan’s Political Culture: Essays in Historical and Social Origins, (Lahore: Vanguard
Books (Pvt) Ltd, 2001) 134-154.
11

against each of the first three ministries beginning with the Benazir Bhutto ministry
elected in 1988.23
After facing lots of troubles a democratic party (PPP) came into power once again in
1988. Due to the lack of governance, mismanagement, bad policies, and personal clashes
with PML-N government, PPP government failed to run the government and once again
Nawaz Sharif government came into power. Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif appointed
General Pervaiz Musharraf as a Chief of Army Staff (COAS) for military support. He
thinks that if his party gets military support would surely be able to run government
perfectly but his opinion was totally wrong. After the Kargil conflict the clashes between
military and PML-N party reached the point that Nawaz government was dissolved and
once again military dictator General Pervaiz Musharraf took over the government on
October 14, 1999.
In November 2000 democratic parties i.e. PPP and PML-N started anti dictatorship
alliance that included some fifteen other smaller parties and was subsequently to emerge
as alliance for restoration of democracy. General Pervaiz Musharraf issued Chief
Executive Order No. 12 of 2002 for holding of a referendum on April 30th
2002. On
August 21, 2002 General Pervaiz Musharraf was issued Legal Framework Order (LFO)
with a view to drastically amendment the constitution of 1973 as its various provisions
were to be revived. The most significant amendments under the LFO was article 58 (2)(b)
which was about the powers of the President to dissolve the National Assembly and
insertion of a new article 152 (a) that provided for creation of a National Security
Council.24
Due to the big alliance between democratic parties, religious parties and judiciary the
dictatorship government dissolved and again democratic party (PPP) under the leadership
of Asif Ali Zardari came into power through elections. A good relationship between PPP
23
SP Cohen and Stephen Philip, The Idea of Pakistan, (Lahore: Vanguard Books pvt Ltd, 2005), 124-157.
24
Amicus R, “Pakistan under Musharraf, Government and Politics,” TPS the Pakistani Spectator, May 20,
2008.
http://www. TPS the Pakistani Spectator / 426492/Pakistan-under-Musharraf/Government and Politics/.
12

and PML-N parties; PPP completed its five years tenure and PML-N government came
into power.
Pakistan between Presidential and Primeministerial system
In order to avoid anarchy and chaos, a nation needs a constitution that her populace can
live under a set of rules to follow a government system to rule over them, rule of law to
be practiced, good governance to be ensured and checked and balances and
accountability to be observed. However it all requires a specific model of government
that is swift, dynamic and competitive in nature. According to pro-presidential
democratic government along with local bodies should be practiced. There are lots of
issues in parliamentary form of government like caste system, feudalism, weak political
parties, threat of no confidence against the Prime Minister, horse trading (also possible in
a Presidential system but a gift of a parliamentary system) and lesser accountability. This
is coupled with the shambolic history of the implementation of a parliamentary system in
Pakistan. The first constitution was passed in 1956 two more constitutions have been
added to the journals of history. Presently we are in theoretical perspective following the
constitution of 1973 with 20 amendments but there was a shift in the constitutions of
Pakistan in 1956 that voiced for parliamentary system. After General Ayub abrogating
the constitution brought another constitution in 1962 that was somewhat entirely opposite
to the parliamentary form of government, where President can have the ultimate power
and authority over everything. Though General Ayub Khan did for personal interest as he
wanted to validate his rule and wanted to avoid any king of rebellion against him that’s
why he introduced an a political system where everything will be done without any
political party, local bodies were strengthened. For that purpose EBDO and PRODO were
presented to keep all types of political activities out of the governmental matters. On the
other hand a parliamentary form of government that is the major element of 1973
constitution that makes Prime Minister the most power person and President as the least
powerful person. Moreover people cannot elect their Prime Minister directly because he
is elected by the members of the parliament after general elections. Seven Prime
Ministers took oath but none of them completed their tenure. In 1988 to 1999 the
democratic party (PPP) were twice returned to power but none could complete these
13

tenure due to their intolerance towards each other and were sent packing under 58-2(B)
though it’s been omitted after 18th
amendment but nothing fruitful came out. Ayub
intention behind presidential system for Pakistan then it was surely not at all suitable for
Pakistan. As he introduced this system to benefit himself so that no political party or
political activist can plot against him but keeping Ayub’s intention aside if one pays a
deeper insight on the elements of Presidential form of government specifically for
Pakistan, then it’s more than suitable.25
This perception might not be acceptable by the parliamentary democratic school of
thought, because they would have the opinion that giving power in one hand might be
equivalent to dictatorship and authoritarianism but this fact should also be kept in minds
that person who will have the ultimate power shall be directly elected by the masses at
large, however on realistic grounds, Pakistan needs a sole single authority that can unite
this scattered and troublesome nation and to attain that a presidential system is best suited
for Pakistan as it prevents horse trading, plutocracy, corruption make institutions
accountable and enhances the system of transparency and checks and balances that
parliamentary system does not ensure. The system of local government in Pakistan can be
expanded in the shape of increasing the number of provinces each headed by a governor
and a locally elected parliament. This way both responsibility and prosperity will be
transferred to local voters that ultimately will give birth to bottom up approach in policy
making where people will voice for their own rights, their needs, they will have their own
representative within themselves who are more deep rooted than our parliamentarians.
Moreover a presidential system in case of Pakistan will also lead towards more smooth
functions of power as there will be no other authority to consult and exercise its power,
confusions and ambiguities will not take place, as if one looks deep into the tenure of
Ayub, he was the only one to take major decisions for the country and most of the reform
agendas he presented were fair enough as long as the welfare and progression of a state is
concerned. Secondly a person once elected by a clear majority the legitimacy of the
25
Mohsin Bhatti, “Pakistan between Presidential and Prime-ministerial system,” CSS Forum, May 5, 2015.
http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-optional-subjects/group-i/political-science/26728-parliamentary-vs-
presidential-system.html
14

president both moral and constitutional is not in dispute; and unless impeached he
completes the tenure.26
The objective of adopting any system is to create a government that is able to protect its
interests and strengths outwards while maintaining a robust internal political system that
creates and breeds leadership and focuses on the future. Parliamentary democracy with its
multiple centers of power is not suited to Pakistan and the offices of the Prime Minister
and the provincial chief ministers can be abolished in favor of a strong presidential
democracy. This will strengthen accountability, reduce tensions and ensure smooth policy
execution where the country stands today and regardless of the idealism of West Minister
democracy putting Pakistan on the right track is not possible for the politicians alone. Nor
can the military pull it off by itself. A successful stable and prosperous Pakistan depends
on a civilized and reformed political system with defined rules of the game, backed by a
strong military commitment in the background and a sensible pro presidential form of
government with the amalgamation of local bodies and devolution plan is required that
can unite the nation under one nationalist umbrella. Another parliamentary system can be
tested after elections 2013 as it was the first time that any government has completed its 5
years term though coalition worked but yet again personal gains and interests should be
kept aside and a new system should be welcomed for a change that might work for the
development of Pakistan.27
Liberalism and Religion
Every effect has a cause and the responsibility for the creation of the bigots falls squarely
on those who call themselves secular and liberal. Look at the civilian and military
governments in place since 1947 with the exception of General Zia-Ul-Haq, all other
rulers were liberal and secular from Mr. Jinnah to Gen. Ayub Khan, Mr. Zulfiqar A.
26
Abdul Qadir, “Parliamentary History”, National Assembly of Pakistan, May 19, 2015.
http://www.na.gov.pk/en/content.php?id=75
27
Zoya Ashraf, “Strengthening Federalism in Pakistan: Academia Should Take the First Step,”
Blogspot.com, April 21, 2014.
http://xoyash.blogspot.com/
15

Bhutto to Gen. Pervez Musharraf and Mr. Nawaz Sharif to Mr. Asif Ali Zardari, they
were far from being religious fundamentalists. The responsibility for driving the first nail
in the coffin of religious intolerance rests squarely with Mr. Z.A. Bhutto who bent over
backwards to accommodate the small number of religious fanatics by banning alcohol
and declaring Ahmedi’s as non-Muslims. He refused to hold re-elections in the very few
constituencies where there were serious allegations of rigging. There is little doubt that
the PPP would have won those seats even if there was re-polling. Following the good
riddance from Zia-Ul-Haq courtesy his love for mangoes, our ‘liberal’ leaders did not lift
a finger to repeal the barbarous blasphemy laws. Both the military and civilian rulers
failed to resolve the problems facing the common man. And when some young people in
Baluchistan rose up against the injustices in their province they were made to simply
disappear from the face of the earth. These are the acts of self-serving rulers and not
those of true liberals. The only true liberals and seculars of the country are the people of
Pakistan who continue to vote for non-religious political parties. They understand that
choosing even a putatively liberal and secular party is better than handing over the
country to those who stand for the imposition of their version of a religion.28
Party system in Pakistan
Political parties reflect public will in the state institutions and are responded in the
elections by the masses on the basis of their agenda which manifests the desires and
needs of the society. Most of the parties of Pakistan have common approach to the
problems of the masses except some of the regional parties which address the masses of
particular regions instead of the whole area of Pakistan. Political Parties on most of the
issues of national importance seem united in their political approach but may be differ in
their modalities of approaching the issues. This has been analyzed in the below stated
sections which depict underlying predisposition of the structures and manifestos of the
parties to understand their political sociology. The study of parties’ manifestos and their
organizational structure seemed important to know how they targeted the voters for
mobilizing them in electoral activity and in this way ensured their participation in
28
Najam Sethi’s, “Old paradigms, new paradoxes,” The Friday Times, November 5, 1999.
http://www.thefridaytimes.com/editorials/Book5%20%281999-2008%29.htm
16

electoral process. Parties seemingly had convergence on most of the issues but they deal
them in their own ideological perspectives. Political party is the creature of modern
political system and is considered the main instrument in the socio-political
transformation of the society. Political parties perform the functions of social, political
and economic development in a society which is governed under democracy or
totalitarian regime. 29
The formal organization of the party was mandated by its interim constitution. The
interim constitution was a simple document of some twenty three articles. The founding
convention passed executive authority in the party onto the chairman it would elect, who
would then act to constitute the committees. The first two of these, the organizing and
principles committees were to be constituted by the chairman in consultation with the
steering committee of the founding convention. Their functions were to undertake the
organization of the party in the country. The third committee, the central committee
would be the highest authority of the party. The central committee would elect the other
national offices of the party: Vice Chairman, Secretary General, Treasurer, etc. It was
competent to effect amendments in the constitution subject to ratification by the national
conference. Under the guidance of the chairman, the organizing committees established
at provincial, district and city levels. The chairman of the party shall in consultation with
the organizing committee of the party, accredit chairmen of the organizing committees in
the provinces, districts and cities. These chairmen would be in consultation with the next
higher chairman, constitute their own organizing committee, which they in turn would
consult before accrediting the chairmen of organizing committees at the next lower level,
a process that would continue down through the sub divisional and ward level to the
primary units. Once party units had been created at all levels, the party chairman in
consultation with the organizing committee and with the provincial chairmen could
permit the holding of party conferences at the provincial, district and city levels. These
conferences would be competent to replace the original chairmen and party organizing
committees for their levels through elections.30
29
Saeed Shafqat, “Democracy in Pakistan,” Pide, 2014.
http://pide.org.pk/pdr/index.php/pdr/article/viewFile/1602/1575
30
Ahmad Salim, “Political Parties in Pakistan,” Sdpi, 2005.
17

http://www.sdpi.org/research_and_news_bulletin/Vol.%2012,%20No.%201%20(January
%20%20February,%202005)/political_parties.htm.
18

Political leaders of political Parties
List of political leaders of political parties are as under:-
19

20
S. No. Name of Political Party Name of Party Leader
1 Aalay Kalam Ullah Farman Rasool (saw) Mirza Zulfiqar Ahmed
2 Aam Admi Justice Party Mian Ghulam Rasool
3 Aam Admi Party of Pakistan. Mr. Adnan Haider Randhawa
4 Aam Insan Movement (AIM). Rana Moeen Akhter
5 Aam Log Party Pakistan Muhammad Naseem Sadiq
6 Aam Pakistani Party. Syed Safdar Rizvi
7 Aap Janab Sarkar Party Nawab Dr.Amber Shahzada,
8 Afghan National Party Khair-ul-Hakin
9 Afghan Qumi Movement (Pakistan) Mr. Ahmed Khan
10 All Pakistan Aam Admi Party. Ch. Nashir Mehmood
11 All Pakistan Bayrozgar Party Rana Muhammad Ali
12 All Pakistan Chiristian League Prof. Salamat Akhtar
13 All Pakistan Minorities Alliance. Dr. Paul Jacob Bhatti
14 All Pakistan Muslim League Muhammad Ali Saif
15 All Pakistan Peoples Qaumi Movement Danish Deedar
16 All Pakistan Youth Working Party Saghir Ahmad
17 Allah-o-Akbar Tehreek Dr. Mian Ihsan Bari,
18 Amm Admi Party Arslan-Ul-Mulk,
19 Awami Himayat Tehreek Pakistan Moulvi Iqbal Haider
20 Awami Ittehad Party Liaquat Ali Jatoi
21 Awami Jamhoori Party (AJP). Karam Hussain Wasan
22 Awami Jamhuri Ittehad Pakistan Mr. ShahramKhanTarakai
23 Awami Justice Party Mehar Ghulam Mustafa Mangan
24 Awami Muslim League Pakistan Sheikh Rashid Ahmed
25 Awami National Party Asfandyar Wali Khan
26 Awami Qiadat Party General (R) Mirza Aslam Beg
27 Awami Tehreek Bahali-e-Soba
Bahawalpur Pakistan
Mr. Nazir Ahmed Sonchi
28 Awami Warkers Party Mr. Abid Hassan Minto
29 Azad Pakistan Party Gul Muhammad Bhatti
30 Azmat-e-Islam Movement Zaheer-ul-Islam Abbasi (Major General)
31 Bahawalpur National Awami Party Nawab Salahuddin Abbasi
32 Bala Pir Tehreek Sadat Party Pakistan Syed Noor-ul-Hasan Shah Gillani
33 Balochistan National Congress Abdul Hakim Lehri
34 Balochistan National Democratic Party Sardar Sanaullah Khan Zehri
35 Balochistan National Movement Dr.Abdul Hayee Baloch
36 Balochistan National Party Sardar Akhter Jan Mengal
37 Balochistan National Party (Awami) Mir Israrullah Zehri
38 Bedar Pakistan Abdul Razaq Mian
39 Christian Progressive Movement Mrs. Naila Dayal
40 Communist Party of Pakistan Engineer Jameel Ahmad Malik
41 General Pervez Musharaf Himayat Tehreek Malik Arshad Mahmood Awan
42 Ghareeb Awam Party Syed Farrukh Kamal Hussaini
43 Ham Awam Party. Sardar Nasir Saleem Zai
44 Haqiqi Jamote Qaumi Movement Sardar Muhammad Wazir-ul-Qadri,
45 Hazara Awami Ittehad Pakistan Haji Imran Khan Jadoon
46 Hazara Democratic Party Abdul Khaliq Hazara
47 Hazara Qaumi Mahaz Qazi Mohammad Azhar
48 Human Development Movement Mr. Muhammad Kamran
49 Islami Inqalab Party Dr. Allama Ayaz Zaheer Hashimi

QUESTIONNAIRE
Sr. # Questions 1 2 3 4 5
Politics
1 The present election system is a main hurdle preventing Imran
Khan from becoming the Prime Minister of Pakistan.
2 The political system of Pakistan had been dominated by
political dynasties like Pakistan People Party and PML-N.
3 Imran Khan as Prime Minister will conduct fair elections in
Pakistan’s electoral system.
4 Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will bring transparency in the
institutions of Pakistan.
Geo Strategic
5 Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will give plenty of space to
Taliban in FATA.
6 Being a Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan will bring
down the influence of western countries on Pakistan.
7 Being a PM Khan would prefer bilateral relation with Iran
rather than Saudi Arabia.
8 Due to favoritism with Taliban Imran Khan can influence
foreign policy of Pakistan.
Social
9 Imran Khan as a social welfare activist for Pakistani nations can
get benefits in politics.
10 Being a PM Imran Khan will solve the issue of terrorism
without military interference.
11 The priority of Imran Khan as a PM will be to improve the
education section.
12 Imran Khan becoming the Prime Minister will not depend on
his party’s social performance in KPK.
13 Imran Khan as PM will give supremacy to institutions for relief
of poor people’s by providing them the basic rights.
Economy
14 As a PM Imran Khan will raise the job opportunities for youth
on merit basis.
15 Imran Khan will have to articulate its plan to increase
21

government revenue and reduce federal debt.
16 Imran Khan will be able to increase the GDP of Pakistan to the
level of developed nations.
17 As a PM Imran Khan will not able to seize the looted money of
Pakistan.
Theoretical Framework
Based on extensive literature review the following schematic framework constructed to ascertain
the effect of independent variables (Economy, Politics and Geo Strategic) on dependent variable
(Socialization).
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram
Results and Discussion
The Pearson correlation finds the relationship (positive and negative) among independent and
dependent variables. The correlation value falls between 0 to 1, whereas the sign reveals the
influence of one variable on the others as positive or negative. The statistical results revealed that
the government policies have an insignificant positive correlation with political instability,
insignificant positive correlation with the economy at 3.998 confidence interval, significant
positive correlation with inflation, insignificant negative correlation with Geo Strategic. The
economy has a significant positive correlation with government policies and insignificant
22
Economy
Politics
Socialization
Geo Strategic

positive with political instability, significant positive with the inflation, insignificant negative
with the Geo Strategic.
23

Table.1
Co-efficient
Model
Unstandardized Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients t Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
1
(Constant) 1.227 .520 2.358 .019
Politics .586 .062 .434 9.378 .000
GSTRG .477 .065 .349 7.385 .000
Eco .264 .066 .220 3.998 .000
a. Dependent Variable: Social
24Frequencies
Statistics
Table.2

Table.3
Frequency Table
Gender
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid
Male 87 41.2 43.7 43.7
Female 110 52.1 55.3 99.0
5.00 2 .9 1.0 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Missing System 0 0
Total 211 100.0
Table.4
25

The present election system is a main hurdle preventing Imran Khan from
becoming the Prime Minister of Pakistan
Percent
Valid
Strongly Disagree 85 40.3 42.7 42.7
Somewhat Disagree 9 4.3 4.5 47.2
Neither agree nor disagree 3 1.4 1.5 48.7
Somewhat Agree 44 20.9 22.1 70.9
Strongly Agree 58 27.5 29.1 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Missing System 0 0
Total 211 100.0
26

Table.5
The political system of Pakistan had been dominated by political dynasties like
Pakistan People Party and PML-N
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 43 20.4 21.6 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Missing System 0 0
Total 211 100.0
27

Table.6
Imran Khan as Prime Minister will conduct fair elections in Pakistan’s electoral
system
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 62 29.4 31.2 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Missing System 0 0
Total 211 100.0
Table.7
28

Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will bring transparency in the institutions of
Pakistan
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 53 25.1 26.6 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Missing System 12 5.7
Total 211 100.0
29

Table.8
Imran Khan as a Prime Minister will give plenty of space to Taliban in FATA
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 39 18.5 19.6 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.9
30

Being a Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan will bring down the influence of
western countries on Pakistan
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 32 15.2 16.1 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.10
31

Being a PM Khan would prefer bilateral relation with Iran rather than Saudi
Arabia
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 57 27.0 28.6 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.11
32

Due to favoritism with Taliban Imran Khan can influence foreign policy of
Pakistan
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 52 24.6 26.1 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.12
33

Imran Khan as a social welfare activist for Pakistani nations can get benefits in
politics
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 55 26.1 27.6 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.13
Being a PM Imran Khan will solve the issue of terrorism without military
interference
34

Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 52 24.6 26.1 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.14
The priority of Imran Khan as a PM will be to improve the education section
35

Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 54 25.6 27.1 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.15
Imran Khan becoming the Prime Minister will not depend on his party’s social
performance in KPK
Percent
36

Valid
Strongly Agree 48 22.7 24.1 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.16
Imran Khan as PM will give supremacy to institutions for relief of poor people’s
by providing them the basic rights
Percent
Valid Strongly Disagree 51 24.2 25.6 25.6
37

Strongly Agree 67 31.8 33.7 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
Table.17
As a PM Imran Khan will raise the job opportunities for youth on merit basis
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 58 27.5 29.1 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
38

Total 211 100.0
Table.18
Imran Khan will have to articulate its plan to increase government revenue and
reduce federal debt
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 60 28.4 30.2 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
39

Total 211 100.0
Table.19
Imran Khan will be able to increase the GDP of Pakistan to the level of
developed nations
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 62 29.4 31.2 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
40

Table.20
As a PM Imran Khan will not able to seize the looted money of Pakistan
Percent
Valid
Strongly Agree 74 35.1 37.2 100.0
Total 199 94.3 100.0
Total 211 100.0
42

Conclusion
By this research we conclude the result that Imran khan as future prime minister brings
prosperity in the political system of Pakistan. He will bring transparency in the system for
the common man and also transfer the power to the grass root level, as the welfare of a
state and development done by the grass root power and the recent local government
elections are done by the efforts of the Imran khan. The main issue of Pakistan is the
transparency of electoral system and the interference of the military in the political
system of Pakistan .the situation get worst shape when the political parties starts work,
the army dictators came into power and breaks all the constitutions rules. But Imran khan
as PM said that he will never allow the army or any dictator to rule on the country and he
will keep the rule of the democracy all over the country and the role of executives and
legislature will be separate from the government .the power from the center will be divide
to the provincial and to the local bodies for the welfare of a common man and his idea of
biometric system of voting for the fair electoral system will work very effectively.
As a future PM of Pakistan khan will bring the European system of welfare as the
developed states focus on the basic rights of a common man as for the state a common
man is important and he works like a pillar for the state .As a social activist Imran Khan
already did a lot of social work for the relief of poor’s in Pakistan in the form of Shukat
khanum hospital in Karachi and he also starts such kind of projects in Khayber Pakhtun
Khawa, and as a Pm of Pakistan he will do more them it as he would be the father of
nation and he will follow Mustafa Kamal Pasha as a role model, but at the same time he
is also keen for the development of democracy in Pakistan, a part from his social work
he is the most favorite personality all over the Pakistan as he wins the1992 cricket world
cup for Pakistan .and at the same time his influence is on people and as a star leader he
will bring quick and cheap justice for the people of his state.
By the means of economic structure Pakistan isn’t strong as compared to international
standards Imran khan said that he will raise the level of international investments and also
gave attention to the industry of Pakistan which is playing a significant role in the
economy of Pakistan and by the raising the level of investment and industrialized the
state the opportunity of jobs and business will be grown up automatically and the GDP
43

and GNP will be high and these all process will be done on the merit base as no one
could be harm and get his share and put his efforts equally in the system. furthermore
Khan as Pm is will be able to bring the looted money to the country back which are in the
foreign bank accounts and are corrupted by the politicians and as he is also able to
prosecute the courted leaders in the court and gave them punishment according to
law .the taxation process will be done under the proper check and balance and
honest people who will be appoint on transparency and on merit.
This all research gave a positive impact of Imran khan’s personality on Pakistan
future system Prime Minster as he brings honesty and prosperity in the Pakistani
system and the Islamic republic of Pakistan will be soon emerged as a developed
and transparent state.
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