The document discusses improving responsiveness for virtualized networking under intensive computing workloads. It proposes using a temporary reservation with a short period and small budget to allow responsive handling of incoming packets when the normal reservation budget is empty. Experimental results show this approach reduces response times from around 120ms to 16ms compared to using the normal reservation alone. Future work includes more evaluation and implementing server pooling for the temporary reservations.
Providing Performance Guarantees to Virtual Machines using Real-Time Schedulingtcucinotta
In this paper we tackle the problem of providing Quality of Service
guarantees to virtualized applications, focusing on computing and networking
guarantees. We propose a mechanism for providing temporal isolation based on
a CPU real time scheduling strategy. This allows not only to have control over
the individual virtual machine throughput, but also on the activation latency and
response-time by which virtualized software components react to external events.
We show experimental results gathered on a real system validating the approach.
SLAs in Virtualized Cloud Computing Infrastructures with QoS Assurancetcucinotta
Cloud Computing is gaining momentum as one of the technologies that promises to subvert our own idea of computing. With an increasing usage of cloud applications and their consequent dependency from connectivity, the nowadays Personal Computer is becoming merely a mobile device acting as a front-end to on-line applications and services. This huge paradigm shift in computing is witnessed for example by big market players who announced the imminent launch of innovative products and Operating Systems (like Chrome notebooks and the accompanying Chrome OS2. by Google), which are capable of projecting the user into the network in a few seconds by booting and starting immediately a web browser and (mostly) nothing else. In such a challenging scenario, more and more of the applications that we traditionally used locally on our PC are being hosted on cloud infrastructures and operated remotely through the Internet. This includes not only batch tasks, but also interactive applications which need to operate inherently with good levels of responsiveness.
In this paper, the challenging problem is discussed of how to ensure predictable levels of Quality of Service (QoS) to cloud applications across the multiple layers of a typical cloud infrastructure, and how a reasonable Service Level Agreement (SLA) management and enforcement policy might look like. The scope of this paper represents a hands-on experience that was gained by the authors realising the IRMOS real-time cloud-computing infrastructure in the context of the IRMOS European Project
Monitoring a SUSE Linux Enterprise Environment with System Center Operations ...Novell
Learn the architecture and how you can monitor a SUSE Linux Enterprise environment using cross-platform extensions, which will be part of Microsoft System Center Operations Manager 2007 R2, and the new Novell Linux Management Pack. The management pack extends the default cross-platform capability of System Center Operations Manager 2007 R2 and provides monitoring and management capability of key services running on SUSE Linux Enterprise.
Providing Performance Guarantees to Virtual Machines using Real-Time Schedulingtcucinotta
In this paper we tackle the problem of providing Quality of Service
guarantees to virtualized applications, focusing on computing and networking
guarantees. We propose a mechanism for providing temporal isolation based on
a CPU real time scheduling strategy. This allows not only to have control over
the individual virtual machine throughput, but also on the activation latency and
response-time by which virtualized software components react to external events.
We show experimental results gathered on a real system validating the approach.
SLAs in Virtualized Cloud Computing Infrastructures with QoS Assurancetcucinotta
Cloud Computing is gaining momentum as one of the technologies that promises to subvert our own idea of computing. With an increasing usage of cloud applications and their consequent dependency from connectivity, the nowadays Personal Computer is becoming merely a mobile device acting as a front-end to on-line applications and services. This huge paradigm shift in computing is witnessed for example by big market players who announced the imminent launch of innovative products and Operating Systems (like Chrome notebooks and the accompanying Chrome OS2. by Google), which are capable of projecting the user into the network in a few seconds by booting and starting immediately a web browser and (mostly) nothing else. In such a challenging scenario, more and more of the applications that we traditionally used locally on our PC are being hosted on cloud infrastructures and operated remotely through the Internet. This includes not only batch tasks, but also interactive applications which need to operate inherently with good levels of responsiveness.
In this paper, the challenging problem is discussed of how to ensure predictable levels of Quality of Service (QoS) to cloud applications across the multiple layers of a typical cloud infrastructure, and how a reasonable Service Level Agreement (SLA) management and enforcement policy might look like. The scope of this paper represents a hands-on experience that was gained by the authors realising the IRMOS real-time cloud-computing infrastructure in the context of the IRMOS European Project
Monitoring a SUSE Linux Enterprise Environment with System Center Operations ...Novell
Learn the architecture and how you can monitor a SUSE Linux Enterprise environment using cross-platform extensions, which will be part of Microsoft System Center Operations Manager 2007 R2, and the new Novell Linux Management Pack. The management pack extends the default cross-platform capability of System Center Operations Manager 2007 R2 and provides monitoring and management capability of key services running on SUSE Linux Enterprise.
Task-aware Virtual Machine Scheduling for I/O PerformanceHwanju Kim
Hwanju Kim, Hyeontaek Lim, Jinkyu Jeong, Heeseung Jo, and Joonwon Lee, “Task-aware Virtual Machine Scheduling for I/O Performance”, ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments (VEE), Washington, DC, USA, Mar. 2009.
MOW2010: Under the Hood of Oracle Clusterware by Alex Gorbachev, PythianAlex Gorbachev
Slides from MOW2010 presentation.
The presentation provides practical understanding of Oracle Clusterware/CRS and knowledge required for independent troubleshooting of Clusterware issues - why nodes are evicted, why resources don't start or fail for no reason. After the presentation, a DBA will know where to look for the answers instead of blindly running cluvfy.sh utility. The session includes demos of how to troubleshoot clusterware issues such as evictions. The presentation does goes into Oracle Clusterware internals but it's appropriate for all DBA's from beginners to experienced.
Windows Azure + PHP, Java, MySQL, LOLCODE?
This session explores the interop possiblities Windows Azure has to offer starting from the architecture that leverages The Freedom of Choice and ending up with relevant examples and usage scenarios.
Self-tuning Schedulers for Legacy Real-Time Applicationstcucinotta
We present an approach for adaptive scheduling of soft real-time legacy applications (for which no timing information is exposed to the system). Our strategy is based on the combination of two techniques: 1) a real-time monitor that observes the sequence of events generated by the application to infer its activation period, 2) a feedback mechanism
that adapts the scheduling parameters to ensure a timely execution of the application. By a thorough experimental evaluation of an implementation of our approach, we show its performance and its efficiency.
The Wizard of OS: a Heartbeat for Legacy Multimedia Applicationstcucinotta
This presentation describes a technique for automagic provisioning of real-time scheduling guarantees for legacy multimedia applications, that does not require any modification to the application source-code.
Virtualised e-Learning with Real-Time Guarantees on the IRMOS Platformtcucinotta
In this paper we focus on how Quality of Service guarantees are provided to virtualised applications in the Cloud Computing infrastructure that is being developed in the context of the IRMOS European Project. Provisioning of proper timeliness guarantees to distributed real-time applications involves the careful use of real-time scheduling mechanisms at the virtual-machine hypervisor level, of QoS-aware networking protocols and of proper design methodologies and tools for stochastic modelling of the application. The paper focuses on how we applied these techniques to a case-study involving a real eLearning mobile content delivery application that has been integrated into the IRMOS platform and its achieved performance.
Task-aware Virtual Machine Scheduling for I/O PerformanceHwanju Kim
Hwanju Kim, Hyeontaek Lim, Jinkyu Jeong, Heeseung Jo, and Joonwon Lee, “Task-aware Virtual Machine Scheduling for I/O Performance”, ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments (VEE), Washington, DC, USA, Mar. 2009.
MOW2010: Under the Hood of Oracle Clusterware by Alex Gorbachev, PythianAlex Gorbachev
Slides from MOW2010 presentation.
The presentation provides practical understanding of Oracle Clusterware/CRS and knowledge required for independent troubleshooting of Clusterware issues - why nodes are evicted, why resources don't start or fail for no reason. After the presentation, a DBA will know where to look for the answers instead of blindly running cluvfy.sh utility. The session includes demos of how to troubleshoot clusterware issues such as evictions. The presentation does goes into Oracle Clusterware internals but it's appropriate for all DBA's from beginners to experienced.
Windows Azure + PHP, Java, MySQL, LOLCODE?
This session explores the interop possiblities Windows Azure has to offer starting from the architecture that leverages The Freedom of Choice and ending up with relevant examples and usage scenarios.
Self-tuning Schedulers for Legacy Real-Time Applicationstcucinotta
We present an approach for adaptive scheduling of soft real-time legacy applications (for which no timing information is exposed to the system). Our strategy is based on the combination of two techniques: 1) a real-time monitor that observes the sequence of events generated by the application to infer its activation period, 2) a feedback mechanism
that adapts the scheduling parameters to ensure a timely execution of the application. By a thorough experimental evaluation of an implementation of our approach, we show its performance and its efficiency.
The Wizard of OS: a Heartbeat for Legacy Multimedia Applicationstcucinotta
This presentation describes a technique for automagic provisioning of real-time scheduling guarantees for legacy multimedia applications, that does not require any modification to the application source-code.
Virtualised e-Learning with Real-Time Guarantees on the IRMOS Platformtcucinotta
In this paper we focus on how Quality of Service guarantees are provided to virtualised applications in the Cloud Computing infrastructure that is being developed in the context of the IRMOS European Project. Provisioning of proper timeliness guarantees to distributed real-time applications involves the careful use of real-time scheduling mechanisms at the virtual-machine hypervisor level, of QoS-aware networking protocols and of proper design methodologies and tools for stochastic modelling of the application. The paper focuses on how we applied these techniques to a case-study involving a real eLearning mobile content delivery application that has been integrated into the IRMOS platform and its achieved performance.
Low-Latency Audio on Linux by Means of Real-Time Schedulingtcucinotta
In this paper, we propose to use resource reservations scheduling and feedback-based allocation techniques for the provisioning of proper timeliness guarantees to audio processing applications. This allows real-time audio tasks to meet the tight timing constraints characterizing them, even if other interactive activities are present in the system. The JACK sound infrastructure has been modified, leveraging the real-time scheduler present in the Adaptive Quality of Service Architecture (AQuoSA). The effectiveness of the proposed approach, which does not require any modifiction to existing JACK clients, is validated through extensive experiments under different load conditions.
Optimum Scalability Point for Parallelisable Real-Time Componentstcucinotta
Distributing the workload of computationally intensive software components across a set of homogeneous computing resources (nodes, hosts, processors, cores), for the purpose of allowing them to meet precise timing (response-time) constraints, is often a pain due to the difficulties in understanding how the software will actually scale. Often, such a problem is faced by recurring to a trial-and-error process. In this paper, a methodology is introduced to tackle the problem of finding the optimum number of processors for deploying parallelisable real-time software components. Basic building blocks of the methodology are: a generic performance model for the response-time of a parallel software component; a concrete procedure for tuning optimally the parameters of the model; the application of optimisation techniques that allow to compute what is the minimum allocation needed to meet precise deadline constraints, as well as the one that minimises the response-time; the consideration of multiple real-time (independent) components to be deployed on the same multi/many-core hardware.
There are a set of new real-time scheduling algorithms being developed for the Linux kernel, which provide temporal isolation among tasks.
These include an implementation of the POSIX sporadic server (SS) and a deadline-based scheduler. These are based on the specification of
the scheduling guarantees needed by the kernel in terms of a budget and a period.
This presentation aims to tackle the issues related to how to design a proper kernel-space / user-space interface for accessing such new
functionality. For the SS, a POSIX compliant implementation would break binary compatibility. However, the currently implemented API seems to be lacking some important features, like a sufficient level of extensibility. This would be required for example for adding further parameters in the future, e.g., deadlines different from periods, or soft (i.e., work-conserving) reservations, or how to mix power management in the looop (if ever).
BreezeGo offers professional website design at a highly competitive price. Our design professionals are highly experienced, and can create the website of your dreams. For more details please visit: www.breezego.com
Here Chase Rubin introduces the new street artists responsible for covering the new paneling that's replacing the old love lock grilles at the Font des Artes in Paris.
China and other competing nations are vastly outperforming America in the development of clean energy technologies. If America is to remain relevant the economy of the future, it is essential that we support both the development of clean energy technologies and the education of young people to enter this burgeoning industry. To this end, the U.S. Department of Energy has established RE-ENERGYSE — a program to vastly improve the scope and quality of energy science education in American schools.
Teryn Norris, Director of Americans for Energy Leadership (AEL) will delve further into the specifics of RE-ENERGYSE, touching on experiential learning opportunities, fellowships, and new higher education programs that are specifically designed to prepare students for careers in clean energy technology. By swiftly providing these skills to students, America can foster the collective awe and relentless drive needed to propel us forward in the clean energy race.
Virtual Network Functions as Real-Time Containers in Private Cloudstcucinotta
This paper presents preliminary results from our on-going research for ensuring stable performance of co-located distributed cloud services in a resource-efficient way. It is based on using a real-time CPU scheduling policy to achieve a fine-grain control of the temporal interferences among real-time services running in co-located containers. We present results obtained applying the method to a synthetic application running within LXC containers on Linux, where a modified kernel has been used that includes our real-time scheduling policy.
More information about the paper is available at:
http://retis.sssup.it/~tommaso/papers/cloud18.php
Mpls conference 2016-data center virtualisation-11-marchAricent
Aricent’s presentation on “Micro VNFs and Micro service environment” on next generation Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) is heating up. In debate on micro services, carriers has requested communities to step up research on micro service deployments.
Aricent believes that existing VNFs, which comes directly from the physical appliances software are not rightly designed and are less suited for cloud operations. These first generation VNFs are replication of physical appliances, monolithic architecture and need more computational power. These are heavy with physical appliance platform features i.e. HA, ISSU, Nonstop Routing/Switching and they have lots of redundant code which may not be necessary on cloud. As cloud platform provides these feature through its inherent platform capabilities.
5 Ways to Avoid Server and Application DowntimeNeverfail Group
Successfully maintaining server and application uptime requires a diligent watch. This presentation outlines five ways you can avoid server and application downtime to ensure your users are always connected to the programs vital to their success.
Jacopo Nardiello - Monitoring Cloud-Native applications with Prometheus - Cod...Codemotion
We are going to talk about Prometheus and how to use to monitor micro-services "Cloud-Native" application s. We are going to dive deep into the Prometheus monitoring model, we will see what are the components be hind this system and how they integrate with each others to provide an efficient and modern monitoring sy stem. We will also have a glance on Prometheus native integrations for cloud-native environments such as Kubernetes.
Transaction processing systems are generally considered easier to scale than data warehouses. Relational databases were designed for this type of workload, and there are no esoteric hardware requirements. Mostly, it is just matter of normalizing to the right degree and getting the indexes right. The major challenge in these systems is their extreme concurrency, which means that small temporary slowdowns can escalate to major issues very quickly.
In this presentation, Gwen Shapira will explain how application developers and DBAs can work together to built a scalable and stable OLTP system - using application queues, connection pools and strategic use of caches in different layers of the system.
Tommaso Cucinotta - Low-latency and power-efficient audio applications on Linuxlinuxlab_conf
Building Linux-based low-latency audio processing software for nowadays multi-core devices can be cumbersome. I’ll present some of our on-going research on the topic at the Real-Time Systems Lab of Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, focusing on sound synthesis on Android where power-efficiency is a must.
The talk will provide basic background information on how the audio sub-system of Linux works, in terms of interactions between the Linux kernel and the ALSA sound architecture, including how user-space applications normally cope with low-latency requirements, touching briefly on design concepts behind the existence of the JACK low-latency framework. Then, a few concepts will be provided on the peculiarities of the Android audio processing pipeline, crossing the concepts with the due complications arising from the world of mobile and power-efficient devices. Throughout the talk, I’ll touch upon concepts behind our research efforts on the topic, describing how properly designed real-time CPU scheduling strategies can make a difference in what is achievable in this area.
Modeling and simulation of power consumption and execution times for real-tim...tcucinotta
In this work, we introduce a power-consumption model for heterogeneous multicore architectures that captures the variability of energy consumption based on processing workload type, in addition to the classical variables considered in the literature, like type and frequency of the CPU.
We motivate the approach presenting experimental results gathered on a Odroid-XU3 board equipped with an Arm big.LITTLE CPU, showing that power consumption has a non-negligible dependency on the workload type. We also present a model to define the execution time of the tasks, which depends on both the workload, and the CPU frequency and architecture. We present our modifications to the open-source RTSIM real-time scheduling simulator to extend its CPU power consumption and execution time duration models, integrating results taken from the real platform.
The presented work constitutes a useful base for future research in power-aware real-time scheduling on heterogeneous platforms.
For more information about the paper, see:
http://retis.sssup.it/~tommaso/papers/ewili18-rtsim.php
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
8. Virtualization
Virtualization is a key technology
For IaaS providers (Cloud Computing)
Enables server consolidation
Physical Host
Physical Host
OS
OS
...
Physical Host
Physical Host
OS
OS
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 8
9. Virtualization
Virtualization is a key technology
For IaaS providers (Cloud Computing)
Enables server consolidation
Physical Host
Physical Host Physical Host
Physical Host
OS
OS VM/OS
VM/OS
... ...
Physical Host VM/OS
VM/OS
Physical Host
OS
OS
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 9
10. Need for Performance Isolation
Resource sharing
→ Temporal interference
Physical Host
Physical Host
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 10
11. Need for Performance Isolation
Resource sharing ~30ms
VM Alone
→ Temporal interference
Physical Host
Physical Host
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
VM
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 11
12. Need for Performance Isolation
Resource sharing ~30ms
VM Alone
→ Temporal interference
Physical Host
Physical Host
VM
VM
τ1 = (30ms, 150ms)
τ2 = (50ms, 200ms)
VM
VM
~120ms
2 VMs
VM
VM
VM
VM
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 12
13. Possible Solutions
Hardware replication and Physical Host
Physical Host
static partitioning VM
VM
Computing
• Multi-core (1 core per VM)
• NUMA awareness VM
VM
Networking
• Multiple network adapters VM
VM
(1 network adapter per VM)
• Multi-queue adapters
VM
VM
Drawbacks
Limitation of flexibility
Under-utilization of resources
• e.g., with real-time/interactive workloads (cloud computing)
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 13
14. Possible Solutions
Another approach
Let multiple VMs use the same resources
Use proper resource scheduling strategies
For example
Computing
• Xen credit-based and SEDF schedulers
Networking
• QoS-aware protocols (IntServ, MPLS, WF2Q+)
Advantages
Increased flexibility
Increased resource saturation levels
Reduced infrastructure costs
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 14
15. Background on
Deadline-based Scheduling
Tommaso Cucinotta – ReTiS Lab – Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna – Pisa – Italy 15