3. Production needs to grow
PPPs important to reduce losses
% Pre-harvest crop losses due to pests and
diseases worldwide (Oerke, 2006) Wheat
Maize Rice Potatoes
0
-5
Percentage loss of crop
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
-45
4. Minimise (unwanted) ecological impacts
• Better chemical targeting
– Specificity of action
– Need for new products that are pest specific and
minimise indirect and persistent effects
• Work with the environment
– Enhance natural pest control
– Ensure proper use: keep PPPs away from crops