Human damage on monuments

1. Elgeel Elmuslim Primary Girls School
Human damage on monuments

2. There are a lot of factors that vitiate the monuments during their
visit, including throws leftovers, write their names on the walls
of museums and monuments.
So there is a law for the protection of monuments and exceed
them in bad visit and damage , and more human damage factors
in monuments:

3. Writing and drilling in the monuments

4. Distorted in Luxor Temple painting

5. Neglect and waste

6. -Crawl and agricultural expansion
Which leads to a rise in sea level rise or increase sub-sectors or
decline as well as try the agricultural population get bricks for
the buildings of the buildings resulting in distortion and loss
impact features architectural elements.

7. -Population and housing impact crawl
Housing types spread spam and marginal in many areas of
archaeological as well as spread on some strong aspects and human
settlements, which are characterized by a high population density and
the neglect and ignorance of the value of construction and the
deterioration of the general cultural level makes people take the
General archaeological ruins and its bizarre materials quarry take
construction, they increase her damage and collapse the result:-
-Holistic and partial destruction of monuments and occasionally lost
completely (air pollution-waste-increase groundwater)
-Distortion of the magnificence and greatness of the archaeological
areas.
-Promote ugliness architecture and Visual pollution.

8. -Fire
The fire caused serious damage to the building materials of all kinds.
The fire devour first gobble timber used in doors, Windows and
ceilings, metal and chemical transformations occur in other building
materials, whether of stone or brick, and in particular limestone
which turns into high heat quicklime few quick turn and easily
hardness drainage water and chemical and metallurgical conversions
will lead to the loss of stones to solid surfaces as a result of the
occurrence of cracks and exfoliations. Fire leads to cracked buildings
and possibly to collapse entirely. I have gone over time to fire a lot of
archaeological and historical buildings, perhaps the latest jewel in
the Palace fortress.

9. -Wars
Wars greatest human impacts inflicted on ancient civilizations. And
the threat of war as tools of war and weapons. The wars and
invasions since the oldest times picks demolition and sabotage all
facets, the enemy resorted to fire or sabotage it by means of the
sabotage of catapults and cannons in modern times have become
more severe weather of mass destruction weapons gravity as
received from the bombs and incendiary rockets was sacked.
We destroyed during World War II thousands of historic buildings
and went with her treasures and cultural assets is impossible.

10. -Demolition and sabotage
In many cases, individuals or authorities to demolish historical
buildings or distort and change its parameters for reasons
including: the desire to renovate the old building for modern
architecture to be more useful, such as neglect or ignorance
of the value of the building as a result of the deterioration of
the cultural year.
In many other cases encourages poor oversight and lack of
awareness among citizens to take abandoned historical
buildings and archaeological ruins which takes individual brick
neglected, materials of construction, increase damage and
collapse. Thieves have resorted to sabotage of archaeological
and historical buildings of decorative elements and the latest
theft.

11. -Previous restorations
Hazards to archaeological and historical buildings, and the dangers which
restorers inexperienced when renovating these buildings. Repair operations
have not studied enough study, either to obscure some of the landmarks
building or change its elements. Either remove the existing elements and
other elements – or distortion model and its distinguishing features.
Examples of dangers that accompany the faulty repairs include:
A. use of gypsum mortar in areas of high humidity.
And high humidity to melt part of gypsum (calcium sulfate), resolved to
different parts of the building and serves when drying his solutions, which
leads to a fragmentation of the surfaces and the loss of their inscriptions and
writings, positional pressure that accompany crystalline growth.
B. the use of cement mortar
And the use of cement mortar on repair operations to leak its of salts to the
surface of the walls and then developed in different places. And causes the
crystallization of salts and the concomitant pressure localized to the erosion
of the surfaces and the loss of their inscriptions and writings or cap badges
and decorations.

12. -Rains and torrents
The hard fact that the archaeological and historical buildings in low-rainfall
areas are the most memorable events and more stable and coherent than
those in copious rain wetlands. Rain, heavy and continuous special cause for
archaeological and historical buildings, both built in stone or brick building
serious threats are often difficult to address. And rain and flood risk
disintegration of mortar construction, slurry walls and lossless loss
patterns, colors and movement of the foundations and drainage of melt and
bonding materials of stone blocks and granules dissolve salts and carry
them to different parts of the walls and then define when drying her
solutions leading to flake stone blocks and erosion surfaces and their
inscriptions and writings and decorations and cap badges.
And powerful torrents washed away the Oklahoman has a few buildings and
ruins of resistance and cause flood damage to older buildings if soaked for
so long. Finally it may happen in some mountainous areas, particularly the
childlike or sandy soil moved from drinking water, it is difficult to stop it
sliding buildings and buildings is skid due to soil or drainage are’nt some
water.

13. -Earthquakes and lightning
Earthquakes are among the most serious factors of mechanical
damage, which affects buildings were severely damaged, as do many
cities and buildings to ruins and ruins, earthquakes may be so severe
that lead to the demolition of the building entirely, although
sometimes only the upper parts of the loss as the domes and minarets
and balconies. It is noted that the impact of earthquakes on stone
buildings than their impact on milk or other buildings with many
stages.
Either lightning caused the infected side of pictorial mass injury, and
fire occurs in flammable parts. The buildings on the high mountains
and Highlands most affected by lightning and Krak des chevaliers and
Qal'at Salah El-Din, where lightning risk many times

14. Thank you