The document provides an overview of HTML5 semantic elements including headings, navigation, articles, sections, figures, and footers. It describes the purpose and proper usage of each element, such as using <header> for introductory content, <nav> for navigation links, <article> for independent items of content, and <footer> for closing copyright information. It also simplifies some elements like removing the type attribute from <link> and <meta> elements.
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1. www.sitepoint.com/html5guide
HEAD ELEMENTS SEMANTIC ELEMENTS
NAV
DOCTYPE <nav>
<!DOCTYPE html> <ul>
<head> <li>Home</li>
… <li>Portfolio</li>
HEADER <li>Blog</li>
<header> <li>Contact</li>
The doctype is not case-sensitive. It has been <li>Pages</li>
<img src=”logo.png” alt=”The Elements” height=”100”width=”250”>
simplifed from the unwieldy HTML4/XHTML version </ul>
to this syntax above. </header>
</nav>
HEAD AND META
<head>
<meta charset=”utf-8”>
</head>
TIME AND DATE
The meta element has been simplified. <time datetime=”2012-06-12”>Tuesday,
The http-equiv=”Content-Type” and content=”text/html” 12 June 2012</time>
5
attributes can be excluded to produce this pared-down
example above. The time element allows you to mark up
the time structure of content in a machine- The article element indicates an independent,
readable way; for example, a user agent can self-contained item of content to be reused
add a reminder to a calendar, or a search or redistributed elsewhere such as an
HTML
engine can filter results based on time. This interactive widget or a blog post.
element also allows you to express dates and
LINK times in a format of your choice using the ARTICLE
<link rel=”stylesheet” href=”css/styles.css?v=1.0”> datetime attribute. <article>
ASIDE
<h3>Photoshop</h3>
<aside>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectectur
<h3>Friendly Venus Themes</h3>
adipiscing elit. Prasen ...</p>
Usually, <link> elements have included a type attribute, <p>As premium themes go, Venus by Friendly
</article>
for instance, with a value of “text/css”; HTML5-based Themes has it all ...</p>
syntax encourages you to drop the type attribute </aside>
completely.
HGROUP
<hgroup>
<h1>Semantic Elements <i>within</i> Content</h1>
<h2>Form Tags and Attributes</h2>
The mark element is used to high-
</hgroup> MARK
light text for reference purposes due
<section>
to its relevance in another context; for
The hgroup element is used to group related, <p>A <mark>super-flexible</mark> ...</p>
example, to highlight a word a user has
consecutive heading elements such as titles </section>
searched for in a search field.
and subtitles.
SECTION
<section>
<p>This element specifies a list of options
displayed in ...</p> FIGURE
</section> <figure>
<img src=”photo.png” alt=”Robot” />
</figure>
FIGCAPTION
<figure>
<img src=”photo.png” alt=”Robot” />
<figcaption>This is SitePoint
Robot speaking</figcaption>
FOOTER
</figure>
<footer>
<ul>
<li>Site Map</li>
<li>Privacy Policy</li>
<li>Contact Us</li>
</ul>
</footer>