Frederick Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory proposes that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by different factors. Motivators like achievement and recognition positively influence satisfaction, while hygiene factors like company policies and supervision can lead to dissatisfaction if absent but do not motivate. Adams' Equity Theory suggests employees become demotivated if they perceive their inputs as greater than outputs. Expectancy Theory posits that effort, performance, rewards, and goals must be aligned for motivation. Reinforcement Theory focuses on modifying behavior through positive reinforcement, avoidance, punishment, or extinction. Goal-Setting Theory proposes intentions to work towards goals are a major motivation source.
The document defines motivation and explains its importance to organizations. It discusses several theories of motivation, including:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which proposes that lower level needs must be met before higher level needs.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory, distinguishing between motivator and hygiene factors.
- Expectancy theory, which suggests people behave based on expected outcomes and their likelihood.
The document emphasizes the role of motivation in maximizing employee performance and achieving organizational goals.
Motivation - Meaning, Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, Theories of Motivation, Need Theories, Process Theories, A. Maslow Need Hierarchy, F. Herzberg Dual Factor, Mc Gregor Theory X and Theory Y, Ways of Motivating through Carrot and Stick in Organizations
Here are 10 managerial practices to motivate employees and an explanation of how each affects motivation:
1. Provide feedback - Regular feedback helps employees understand how they are performing and what they can improve. This gives a sense of progress and achievement.
2. Set clear goals - Well-defined, challenging yet attainable goals give employees a sense of purpose and direction in their work. Achieving goals is very motivating.
3. Recognize achievements - Publicly acknowledging an employee's successes, no matter how small, makes them feel valued and incentivizes continued good performance.
4. Offer learning opportunities - Training programs and chances to learn new skills prevent boredom and give employees a sense of growth in their careers.
Frederick Herzberg proposed a two-factor theory of motivation in 1959, suggesting that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by separate factors. He classified factors as either hygiene factors (extrinsic to the job) like salary and work conditions, which prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, or motivational factors (intrinsic to the job) like achievement and recognition, which generate satisfaction and motivate employees. The theory implies that managers should ensure adequate hygiene factors to avoid dissatisfaction and enrich jobs through motivational factors to improve performance and satisfaction.
This document discusses several theories of motivation, including:
1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory which categorizes human needs into physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs that motivate in a hierarchical manner.
2. Herzberg's two-factor theory which separates motivators like achievement and recognition from hygiene factors like salary that prevent dissatisfaction.
3. Vroom's expectancy theory which proposes motivation depends on expectancy, instrumentality, and valence - the belief that effort leads to performance, performance leads to rewards, and the value placed on those rewards.
4. Porter-Lawler model which enhances Vroom's theory by including additional factors like ability, effort
The document discusses different theories of motivation. It provides definitions and explanations of several motivation theories:
1. Hertzberg's Two-Factor Theory proposes there are motivator and hygiene factors that influence satisfaction and motivation. Motivator factors like achievement and recognition increase satisfaction, while hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction if absent.
2. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggests people must satisfy basic needs before pursuing higher level needs of esteem and self-actualization. Meeting each level of needs motivates pursuing the next.
3. The Hawthorne Effect found that simply being observed in studies improved worker productivity, not just physical changes, as workers felt more valued from attention.
This document discusses various theories of motivation. It begins by introducing content theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs, ERG theory, and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Next, it covers process theories such as Vroom's expectancy theory and Porter and Lawler's model. Contemporary theories like equity theory are also mentioned. The document emphasizes that motivation, ability, and environment all contribute to job performance. It provides examples of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and discusses the importance of effective feedback and goal setting in maximizing employee motivation.
Managing People In Software Environment.pptx72Anjumaara
This document discusses managing people in software environments. It covers several topics: understanding behavior through positivist and interpretivist approaches; organizational behavior background including Taylor's work; selecting the right person for a job through assessing skills and experience; motivation theories from Maslow, Herzberg, and Vroom; and ensuring staff well-being through the project. The main concerns are staff selection, development, motivation, and well-being.
The document defines motivation and explains its importance to organizations. It discusses several theories of motivation, including:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which proposes that lower level needs must be met before higher level needs.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory, distinguishing between motivator and hygiene factors.
- Expectancy theory, which suggests people behave based on expected outcomes and their likelihood.
The document emphasizes the role of motivation in maximizing employee performance and achieving organizational goals.
Motivation - Meaning, Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, Theories of Motivation, Need Theories, Process Theories, A. Maslow Need Hierarchy, F. Herzberg Dual Factor, Mc Gregor Theory X and Theory Y, Ways of Motivating through Carrot and Stick in Organizations
Here are 10 managerial practices to motivate employees and an explanation of how each affects motivation:
1. Provide feedback - Regular feedback helps employees understand how they are performing and what they can improve. This gives a sense of progress and achievement.
2. Set clear goals - Well-defined, challenging yet attainable goals give employees a sense of purpose and direction in their work. Achieving goals is very motivating.
3. Recognize achievements - Publicly acknowledging an employee's successes, no matter how small, makes them feel valued and incentivizes continued good performance.
4. Offer learning opportunities - Training programs and chances to learn new skills prevent boredom and give employees a sense of growth in their careers.
Frederick Herzberg proposed a two-factor theory of motivation in 1959, suggesting that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by separate factors. He classified factors as either hygiene factors (extrinsic to the job) like salary and work conditions, which prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, or motivational factors (intrinsic to the job) like achievement and recognition, which generate satisfaction and motivate employees. The theory implies that managers should ensure adequate hygiene factors to avoid dissatisfaction and enrich jobs through motivational factors to improve performance and satisfaction.
This document discusses several theories of motivation, including:
1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory which categorizes human needs into physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs that motivate in a hierarchical manner.
2. Herzberg's two-factor theory which separates motivators like achievement and recognition from hygiene factors like salary that prevent dissatisfaction.
3. Vroom's expectancy theory which proposes motivation depends on expectancy, instrumentality, and valence - the belief that effort leads to performance, performance leads to rewards, and the value placed on those rewards.
4. Porter-Lawler model which enhances Vroom's theory by including additional factors like ability, effort
The document discusses different theories of motivation. It provides definitions and explanations of several motivation theories:
1. Hertzberg's Two-Factor Theory proposes there are motivator and hygiene factors that influence satisfaction and motivation. Motivator factors like achievement and recognition increase satisfaction, while hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction if absent.
2. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggests people must satisfy basic needs before pursuing higher level needs of esteem and self-actualization. Meeting each level of needs motivates pursuing the next.
3. The Hawthorne Effect found that simply being observed in studies improved worker productivity, not just physical changes, as workers felt more valued from attention.
This document discusses various theories of motivation. It begins by introducing content theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs, ERG theory, and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Next, it covers process theories such as Vroom's expectancy theory and Porter and Lawler's model. Contemporary theories like equity theory are also mentioned. The document emphasizes that motivation, ability, and environment all contribute to job performance. It provides examples of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and discusses the importance of effective feedback and goal setting in maximizing employee motivation.
Managing People In Software Environment.pptx72Anjumaara
This document discusses managing people in software environments. It covers several topics: understanding behavior through positivist and interpretivist approaches; organizational behavior background including Taylor's work; selecting the right person for a job through assessing skills and experience; motivation theories from Maslow, Herzberg, and Vroom; and ensuring staff well-being through the project. The main concerns are staff selection, development, motivation, and well-being.
This document summarizes several theories of motivation and how they can be applied in business. It discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's motivational factors, McGregor's Theory X and Y and Ouchi's Theory Z. It also covers goal-setting theory, expectancy theory, and strategies for job enrichment like skill variety, task identity, autonomy and feedback. Finally, it discusses how open communication and personalized motivation can help managers motivate employees.
Motivation in the workplace can come from intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Intrinsically, employees seek autonomy, responsibility, and to have their higher order needs for esteem and self-actualization fulfilled through their work. Extrinsically, employees can be motivated by incentives and rewards, though natural theories of motivation argue humans are not solely driven by economic factors. Effective managers understand both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and strive to create an environment where employees feel autonomous and can achieve their highest potential.
how do managers tasks into jobs that are motivating and satisfying employeeJenny Banzon
This document discusses different theories and strategies for motivating employees. It examines Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation, which identifies achievement as a key motivator. Alderfer's existence-relatedness-growth theory also emphasizes the importance of meeting employees' basic needs as well as allowing for growth. The document stresses that managers must understand each employee's motivations and provide tasks, rewards, and work conditions that energize and satisfy staff. Motivation comes from building self-confidence, recognizing achievements, and addressing needs for security, social interaction and career advancement. A one-size-fits-all approach will not work, as different employees prioritize factors like pay, quality work or relationships differently.
Maslow’s-Hierarchy of Needs Theory Alderfer's ERG Theory McClelland’s Theor...Shilpi Arora
Maslow’s-Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Alderfer's ERG Theory
McClelland’s Theory of Needs
Herzberg's Two Factor Theory
Carrot and Stick Theory
Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
Equity Theory
The document summarizes several theories of motivation: Three Need Theory focuses on needs for achievement, affiliation, and power; Goal-Setting Theory ties goals to task performance; Reinforcement Theory states behavior is shaped by consequences; Equity Theory seeks a balance between employee inputs and outputs; and Expectancy Theory links effort, performance, and motivation based on expectations of outcomes. The theories provide frameworks to understand employee motivation and ways for managers to enhance it.
The document discusses motivation and different motivation theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Maslow proposed that people are motivated to fulfill basic physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs in that order. Herzberg suggested there are hygiene factors like salary and working conditions that prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, and motivators like achievement and recognition that positively motivate performance. The document analyzes how these theories apply to employee motivation.
This document summarizes Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation and assesses its application to understanding worker motivation in Ghana. The theory posits that hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, while motivator factors like achievement, recognition and responsibility provide satisfaction and higher motivation. The document reviews literature supporting and criticizing the theory, and examines how its motivator and hygiene factors apply to managing Ghanaian workers. Bureaucratic practices common in Ghanaian organizations may not align well with emphasizing motivator factors as per Herzberg's theory.
This summarizes a document discussing Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation as it applies to understanding worker motivation in Ghana. The theory posits there are two sets of factors: hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, while motivators like achievement, recognition and responsibility provide satisfaction and higher motivation. The document examines how both sets of factors influence Ghanaian workers and suggests managers address hygiene factors to reduce dissatisfaction and use job enrichment to create conditions for satisfaction through motivators.
Motivation and productivity in the workplaceJorge Gawad
This document discusses motivation and productivity in the workplace. It provides an overview of various motivation theories and research studies. Key points include:
- Motivation comes from both intrinsic factors like achievement and extrinsic factors like rewards.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory found motivators like achievement and responsibility increase job satisfaction while hygiene factors like pay prevent dissatisfaction.
- Hackman and Oldham's job characteristics theory identified five job dimensions that influence motivation: skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback.
The document discusses the glass industry and various applications of glass. It begins by defining glass and describing its common uses such as in windows, bottles, and eyewear. It then discusses technological applications of glass including uses in buildings, scientific instruments, and optical devices. Glass is widely used as a transparent building material in windows and partitions. Specialty glasses are used for applications requiring transparency in the UV range as well as for optical instruments. The document also briefly outlines the glass production process and some modern techniques like glass polymerization.
This document discusses motivation and reward systems. It begins by defining motivation and explaining that people are motivated to achieve goals that they believe will lead to valued rewards. It then covers several motivation theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, ERG theory, expectancy theory, and equity theory. The key messages are that motivation comes from both intrinsic rewards like interesting work and extrinsic rewards like pay. Motivation is higher when employee needs, goals, and the link between performance and rewards are clear. Companies can motivate employees through job design, rewards, incentives, and focusing on engagement and commitment.
The document discusses various theories of motivation including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and Vroom's expectancy theory. It also presents a case study about an engineer named Prakash who lacks initiative and needs motivation from his boss to take more risks and make independent decisions in his work.
This document discusses various theories of employee motivation. It describes Maslow's hierarchy of needs which argues that people are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs. It also discusses Alderfer's ERG theory and Hertzberg's two-factor theory of motivation and hygiene factors. The importance of motivation for employee performance is discussed.
This document discusses employee retention strategies and theories. It begins by defining employee retention and noting that the goal for employers is typically to decrease turnover in order to reduce costs. It then discusses several theories related to retention, including:
- Valence theory, which relates to aligning employee needs with rewards.
- Expectancy theory, which involves training employees and implementing an effective rewards system.
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs as it applies to identifying effective retention strategies by addressing employees' various needs.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory which separates motivators from hygiene factors that impact satisfaction.
- Equity theory which recognizes employees assess their rewards relative to external positions.
The document outlines
The document discusses several major theories of motivation used in organizational behavior, including:
- Need theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory, which focus on how individual needs influence motivation.
- Cognitive theories like expectancy theory and equity theory, which examine how individuals' thoughts and perceptions impact motivation levels.
- Goal setting theory, which proposes that setting specific, difficult goals increases effort, performance, and persistence over time.
- Reinforcement theory, which suggests rewards and reinforcements can shape behaviors and sustain motivation long-term through behavior modification.
The document discusses several major theories of motivation:
1) Need theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory examine how satisfying different human needs impacts motivation.
2) Expectancy theory and equity theory are cognitive approaches that analyze how employees' perceptions of outcomes and fairness influence their motivation levels.
3) Goal setting theory proposes that specific, challenging goals increase employee effort, performance, and persistence over time.
4) Reinforcement theory views motivation as sustained by environmental rewards and punishments that strengthen desirable behaviors and weaken undesirable ones over the long run.
Compare and contrast between different motivational theories.
Discuss the use of management styles in helping improve employee motivation and retention
Recognize some of the most common examples of why employees leave an organization.
Identify the various types of retention strategies that can be used to help motivate and retain employees.
The document discusses various theories and approaches to motivating employees. It outlines that motivation can come from internal factors like achievement, responsibility, recognition, feedback and learning or external factors such as salary, benefits and work environment. Popular motivation theories discussed include:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs which proposes fulfilling lower level needs before higher ones.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory distinguishing between motivators like achievement and hygiene factors like salary.
- ERG theory grouping needs into existence, relatedness and growth.
- McClelland's needs for achievement, affiliation and power.
The document advocates recognizing achievements, providing responsibility, feedback, training, competitive pay and a supportive work environment to motivate
Motivation is driven by needs, drives, and incentives. There are several theories that describe motivation, including:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs which ranks physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory separates motivators like achievement and hygiene factors like salary.
- Vroom's expectancy theory states that motivation depends on valence, instrumentality, and expectancy.
- Equity theory proposes that employees compare their inputs/outputs to others. Inequity can de-motivate.
Job design theories like job enrichment aim to make jobs more motivating through autonomy, variety, and responsibility.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
This document summarizes several theories of motivation and how they can be applied in business. It discusses Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's motivational factors, McGregor's Theory X and Y and Ouchi's Theory Z. It also covers goal-setting theory, expectancy theory, and strategies for job enrichment like skill variety, task identity, autonomy and feedback. Finally, it discusses how open communication and personalized motivation can help managers motivate employees.
Motivation in the workplace can come from intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Intrinsically, employees seek autonomy, responsibility, and to have their higher order needs for esteem and self-actualization fulfilled through their work. Extrinsically, employees can be motivated by incentives and rewards, though natural theories of motivation argue humans are not solely driven by economic factors. Effective managers understand both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and strive to create an environment where employees feel autonomous and can achieve their highest potential.
how do managers tasks into jobs that are motivating and satisfying employeeJenny Banzon
This document discusses different theories and strategies for motivating employees. It examines Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation, which identifies achievement as a key motivator. Alderfer's existence-relatedness-growth theory also emphasizes the importance of meeting employees' basic needs as well as allowing for growth. The document stresses that managers must understand each employee's motivations and provide tasks, rewards, and work conditions that energize and satisfy staff. Motivation comes from building self-confidence, recognizing achievements, and addressing needs for security, social interaction and career advancement. A one-size-fits-all approach will not work, as different employees prioritize factors like pay, quality work or relationships differently.
Maslow’s-Hierarchy of Needs Theory Alderfer's ERG Theory McClelland’s Theor...Shilpi Arora
Maslow’s-Hierarchy of Needs Theory
Alderfer's ERG Theory
McClelland’s Theory of Needs
Herzberg's Two Factor Theory
Carrot and Stick Theory
Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
Equity Theory
The document summarizes several theories of motivation: Three Need Theory focuses on needs for achievement, affiliation, and power; Goal-Setting Theory ties goals to task performance; Reinforcement Theory states behavior is shaped by consequences; Equity Theory seeks a balance between employee inputs and outputs; and Expectancy Theory links effort, performance, and motivation based on expectations of outcomes. The theories provide frameworks to understand employee motivation and ways for managers to enhance it.
The document discusses motivation and different motivation theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Maslow proposed that people are motivated to fulfill basic physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs in that order. Herzberg suggested there are hygiene factors like salary and working conditions that prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, and motivators like achievement and recognition that positively motivate performance. The document analyzes how these theories apply to employee motivation.
This document summarizes Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation and assesses its application to understanding worker motivation in Ghana. The theory posits that hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, while motivator factors like achievement, recognition and responsibility provide satisfaction and higher motivation. The document reviews literature supporting and criticizing the theory, and examines how its motivator and hygiene factors apply to managing Ghanaian workers. Bureaucratic practices common in Ghanaian organizations may not align well with emphasizing motivator factors as per Herzberg's theory.
This summarizes a document discussing Frederick Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation as it applies to understanding worker motivation in Ghana. The theory posits there are two sets of factors: hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiene factors like salary and working conditions prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate, while motivators like achievement, recognition and responsibility provide satisfaction and higher motivation. The document examines how both sets of factors influence Ghanaian workers and suggests managers address hygiene factors to reduce dissatisfaction and use job enrichment to create conditions for satisfaction through motivators.
Motivation and productivity in the workplaceJorge Gawad
This document discusses motivation and productivity in the workplace. It provides an overview of various motivation theories and research studies. Key points include:
- Motivation comes from both intrinsic factors like achievement and extrinsic factors like rewards.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory found motivators like achievement and responsibility increase job satisfaction while hygiene factors like pay prevent dissatisfaction.
- Hackman and Oldham's job characteristics theory identified five job dimensions that influence motivation: skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback.
The document discusses the glass industry and various applications of glass. It begins by defining glass and describing its common uses such as in windows, bottles, and eyewear. It then discusses technological applications of glass including uses in buildings, scientific instruments, and optical devices. Glass is widely used as a transparent building material in windows and partitions. Specialty glasses are used for applications requiring transparency in the UV range as well as for optical instruments. The document also briefly outlines the glass production process and some modern techniques like glass polymerization.
This document discusses motivation and reward systems. It begins by defining motivation and explaining that people are motivated to achieve goals that they believe will lead to valued rewards. It then covers several motivation theories including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, ERG theory, expectancy theory, and equity theory. The key messages are that motivation comes from both intrinsic rewards like interesting work and extrinsic rewards like pay. Motivation is higher when employee needs, goals, and the link between performance and rewards are clear. Companies can motivate employees through job design, rewards, incentives, and focusing on engagement and commitment.
The document discusses various theories of motivation including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and Vroom's expectancy theory. It also presents a case study about an engineer named Prakash who lacks initiative and needs motivation from his boss to take more risks and make independent decisions in his work.
This document discusses various theories of employee motivation. It describes Maslow's hierarchy of needs which argues that people are motivated to fulfill physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs. It also discusses Alderfer's ERG theory and Hertzberg's two-factor theory of motivation and hygiene factors. The importance of motivation for employee performance is discussed.
This document discusses employee retention strategies and theories. It begins by defining employee retention and noting that the goal for employers is typically to decrease turnover in order to reduce costs. It then discusses several theories related to retention, including:
- Valence theory, which relates to aligning employee needs with rewards.
- Expectancy theory, which involves training employees and implementing an effective rewards system.
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs as it applies to identifying effective retention strategies by addressing employees' various needs.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory which separates motivators from hygiene factors that impact satisfaction.
- Equity theory which recognizes employees assess their rewards relative to external positions.
The document outlines
The document discusses several major theories of motivation used in organizational behavior, including:
- Need theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory, which focus on how individual needs influence motivation.
- Cognitive theories like expectancy theory and equity theory, which examine how individuals' thoughts and perceptions impact motivation levels.
- Goal setting theory, which proposes that setting specific, difficult goals increases effort, performance, and persistence over time.
- Reinforcement theory, which suggests rewards and reinforcements can shape behaviors and sustain motivation long-term through behavior modification.
The document discusses several major theories of motivation:
1) Need theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory examine how satisfying different human needs impacts motivation.
2) Expectancy theory and equity theory are cognitive approaches that analyze how employees' perceptions of outcomes and fairness influence their motivation levels.
3) Goal setting theory proposes that specific, challenging goals increase employee effort, performance, and persistence over time.
4) Reinforcement theory views motivation as sustained by environmental rewards and punishments that strengthen desirable behaviors and weaken undesirable ones over the long run.
Compare and contrast between different motivational theories.
Discuss the use of management styles in helping improve employee motivation and retention
Recognize some of the most common examples of why employees leave an organization.
Identify the various types of retention strategies that can be used to help motivate and retain employees.
The document discusses various theories and approaches to motivating employees. It outlines that motivation can come from internal factors like achievement, responsibility, recognition, feedback and learning or external factors such as salary, benefits and work environment. Popular motivation theories discussed include:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs which proposes fulfilling lower level needs before higher ones.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory distinguishing between motivators like achievement and hygiene factors like salary.
- ERG theory grouping needs into existence, relatedness and growth.
- McClelland's needs for achievement, affiliation and power.
The document advocates recognizing achievements, providing responsibility, feedback, training, competitive pay and a supportive work environment to motivate
Motivation is driven by needs, drives, and incentives. There are several theories that describe motivation, including:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs which ranks physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization needs.
- Herzberg's two-factor theory separates motivators like achievement and hygiene factors like salary.
- Vroom's expectancy theory states that motivation depends on valence, instrumentality, and expectancy.
- Equity theory proposes that employees compare their inputs/outputs to others. Inequity can de-motivate.
Job design theories like job enrichment aim to make jobs more motivating through autonomy, variety, and responsibility.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
Garments ERP Software in Bangladesh _ Pridesys IT Ltd.pdfPridesys IT Ltd.
Pridesys Garments ERP is one of the leading ERP solution provider, especially for Garments industries which is integrated with
different modules that cover all the aspects of your Garments Business. This solution supports multi-currency and multi-location
based operations. It aims at keeping track of all the activities including receiving an order from buyer, costing of order, resource
planning, procurement of raw materials, production management, inventory management, import-export process, order
reconciliation process etc. It’s also integrated with other modules of Pridesys ERP including finance, accounts, HR, supply-chain etc.
With this automated solution you can easily track your business activities and entire operations of your garments manufacturing
proces
Discover timeless style with the 2022 Vintage Roman Numerals Men's Ring. Crafted from premium stainless steel, this 6mm wide ring embodies elegance and durability. Perfect as a gift, it seamlessly blends classic Roman numeral detailing with modern sophistication, making it an ideal accessory for any occasion.
https://rb.gy/usj1a2
How are Lilac French Bulldogs Beauty Charming the World and Capturing Hearts....Lacey Max
“After being the most listed dog breed in the United States for 31
years in a row, the Labrador Retriever has dropped to second place
in the American Kennel Club's annual survey of the country's most
popular canines. The French Bulldog is the new top dog in the
United States as of 2022. The stylish puppy has ascended the
rankings in rapid time despite having health concerns and limited
color choices.”
HR search is critical to a company's success because it ensures the correct people are in place. HR search integrates workforce capabilities with company goals by painstakingly identifying, screening, and employing qualified candidates, supporting innovation, productivity, and growth. Efficient talent acquisition improves teamwork while encouraging collaboration. Also, it reduces turnover, saves money, and ensures consistency. Furthermore, HR search discovers and develops leadership potential, resulting in a strong pipeline of future leaders. Finally, this strategic approach to recruitment enables businesses to respond to market changes, beat competitors, and achieve long-term success.
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb PlatformSabaaSudozai
BriansClub.cm, a famous platform on the dark web, has become one of the most infamous carding marketplaces, specializing in the sale of stolen credit card data.
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSS
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Digital Marketing with a Focus on Sustainabilitysssourabhsharma
Digital Marketing best practices including influencer marketing, content creators, and omnichannel marketing for Sustainable Brands at the Sustainable Cosmetics Summit 2024 in New York
Cover Story - China's Investment Leader - Dr. Alyce SUmsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
1. Five Theories in Human Resource Management
1.Frederick Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory
Another researcher to enter into the fray of human motivation was Frederick Herzberg.Originally
trained as a clinical psychologist, over the course of Herzberg’s career heswitched focused and
became one of the rst researchers in the growing eld ofindustrial psychology. !he original notion
of Frederick Herzberg’s "otivation#Hygiene !heory was that traditional perspectives on motivation,
like "aslow’s, only looked at oneside of the coin$how to motivate people. Herzberg and his original
colleagues Herzberg,F., "ausner, %., & 'nyderman, %. '. ()*+* .
The motivation to work
. -ew ork, - /0iley, theorized that what ultimately motivated individuals to work were not
necessarilythe same factors that led to demotivation at work. 1n Herzberg’s worldview,
motivationon the 2ob should lead to satis ed workers, but he theorized that satisfaction
anddissatisfaction were not opposite ends of one continuum. 1nstead, he predicted that thefactors
that lead to positive 2ob attitudes (and thus motivation were di3erent from thefactors that lead
to negative 2ob attitudes (and thus demotivation . For the purposes ofhis theory, he called the
factors that led to positive 2ob attitudes motivators and thosefactors that led to negative 2ob
attitudes hygiene factors. 1n !able ) 4"otivators andHygiene Factors4 the basic motivators and
hygiene factors are listed. -otice that themotivators are all centered on ideas that are somewhat
similar to the esteem needs andself#actualization needs of Abraham "aslow. On the other hand, the
hygiene factors alle5amine the conte5t of work. !able ). "otivators and Hygiene Factors
MotivatorsHygiene Factors
Achievement6olicy and administration7ecognition"icromanagementAdvancement7elationships
('upervisor, 6eers, & 'ubordinates !he work itself8ob security7esponsibility6ersonal life6otential
for promotion0ork conditions6otential for personal growth'tatus'alary9pon looking at !able )
4"otivators and Hygiene Factors4, you may notice that 'alary iscentered between both motivators
and hygiene factors. 1n
The ManagerialChoice
Herzberg reversed his previous thinking that salary was purely a hygiene factor,:Although primarily
a hygiene factor, it ;salary< it also often takes on some of theproperties of a motivator, with
dynamics similar to those of recognition for
achievement.= Herzberg, F. ()*>? .
The managerial choice: To be efcient and to behuman
. Homewood, 1@/ ow#8ones#1rwin, pg. >).
2.Adams’ !uity Theory
2. AdamsB CDuity !heory is named for 8ohn 'tacey Adams, a workplace and behavioralpsychologist,
who developed his
"ob motivation theory
in )*?E. "uch like many of themore prevalent theories of motivation (such as
Mas#o$%s Hierarchy o&'eeds
and
Herzberg%s T$o-Factor Theory
, AdamsB CDuity !heory acknowledgesthat subtle and variable factors a3ect an employeeBs
assessment and perception of theirrelationship with their work and their employer. !he theory is
built#on the belief that employees become de#motivated, both in relation totheir 2ob and their
employer, if they feel as though their inputs are greater than theoutputs. Cmployees can be
e5pected to respond to this is di3erent ways, including de#motivation (generally to the e5tent the
employee perceives the disparity between theinputs and the outputs e5ist , reduced e3ort,
becoming disgruntled, or, in more e5tremecases, perhaps even disruptive.How to Apply the AdamsB
CDuity !heory1t is important to also consider the AdamsB CDuity !heory factors when striving
toimprove an employeeBs 2ob satisfaction, motivation level, etc., and what can be done topromote
higher levels of each. !o do this, consider the balance or imbalance that currently e5ists between
youremployeeBs inputs and outputs, as follows/1nputs typically include/
•
C3ort.
•
@oyalty.
•
Hard work.
•
ommitment.
•
'kill.
•
Ability.
•
Adaptability.
•
Fle5ibility.
3. •
!olerance.
•
etermination.
•
Cnthusiasm.
•
!rust in superiors.
•
'upport of colleagues.
•
6ersonal sacri ce.
••••••
Outputs typically include/
•
Financial rewards (such as salary, bene ts, perks .
•
1ntangibles that typically include/
7ecognition.
7eputation.
7esponsibility.
'ense of achievement.
4. 6raise.
'timulus.
'ense ofadvancementGgrowth.
8ob security.
••
0hile obviously many of these points canBt be Duanti ed and perfectlycompared, the theory argues
that managers should seek to nd a fairbalance between the inputs that an employee gives, and the
outputsreceived.
•
And according to the theory, employees should be content where theyperceive these to be in
balance.
•
Tip:
•
!his is similar to Frederick HerzbergBs
Motivation(Hygiene Theory
. 0hileAdamsB CDuity !heory obviously has a strong element of truth to it, itBsprobably fair to say
that HerzbergBs "otivationGHygiene !heory has greatermotivational signi cance.
•
E.
C5pectancy theory
•
ictor room introduced one of the most widely accepted e5planations ofmotivation. ery
simply, the
e)*ectancy theory
5. says that an employee willbe motivated to e5ert a high level of e3ort when he or she believes
that/).C3ort will lead to a good performance appraisal.I.A good appraisal will lead to organizational
rewards.E.!he organizational rewards will satisfy his or her personal goals.
•
!he key to the e5pectancy theory is an understanding of an individualBs goalsand the relationships
between e3ort and performance, between performanceand rewards, and nally, between the
rewards and individual goalsatisfaction. 0hen an employee has a high level of e5pectancy and
thereward is attractive, motivation is usually high.
•
!herefore, to motivate workers, managers must strengthen workersBperceptions of their e3orts as
both possible and worthwhile, clarifye5pectations of performances, tie rewards to performances,
and make surethat rewards are desirable.J.7einforcement theory
•
!he reinforcement theory, based on C. @. !horndikeBs law of e3ect, simplylooks at the relationship
between behavior and its conseDuences. !his theory
focuses on modifying an employeeBs onKtheK2ob behavior through theappropriate use of one of
the following four techniDues/
•
+ositive rein&orcement
rewards desirable behavior. 6ositive reinforcement, suchas a pay raise or promotion, is provided as
a reward for positive behavior with theintention of increasing the probability that the desired
behavior will be repeated.
•
Avoidance
is an attempt to show an employee what the conseDuences ofimproper behavior will be. 1f an
employee does not engage in improper behavior, heor she will not e5perience the conseDuence.
•
)tinction
is basically ignoring the behavior of a subordinate and not providingeither positive or negative
reinforcement. lassroom teachers often use thistechniDue when they ignore students who are
:acting out= to get attention. !histechniDue should only be used when the supervisor perceives the
behavior astemporary, not typical, and not serious.
•
6. +unishment
(threats, docking pay, suspension is an attempt to decrease thelikelihood of a behavior recurring
by applying negative conseDuences.
•
!he reinforcement theory has the following implications for management/
•
@earning what is acceptable to the organization inLuences motivated behavior.
•
"anagers who are trying to motivate their employees should be sure to tellindividuals what they are
doing wrong and be careful not to reward all individuals atthe same time.
•
"anagers must tell individuals what they can do to receive positive reinforcement.
•
"anagers must be sure to administer the reinforcement as closely as possible tothe occurrence of the
behavior.
•
"anagers must recognize that failure to reward can also modify behavior.Cmployees who believe
that they deserve a reward and do not receive it will oftenbecome disenchanted with both their
manager and company.+.Moal#setting theory
•
!he goalKsetting theory, introduced in the late )*?Ns by Cdwin @ocke,proposed that intentions to
work toward a goal are a ma2or source of workmotivation. Moals, in essence, tell employees what
needs to be done andhow much e3ort should be e5panded. 1n general, the more di cult the
goal,the higher the level of performance e5pected.
•
"anagers can set the goals for their employees, or employees and managerscan develop goals
together. One advantage of employees participating ingoal setting is that they may be more likely to
work toward a goal theyhelped develop.
•
-o matter who sets the goal, however, employees do better when they getfeedback on their
progress. 1n addition to feedback, four other factorsinLuence the goalsKperformance relationship/
•
!he employee must be committed to the goal.
7. •
!he employee must believe that he is capable of performing the task.
•
!asks involved in achieving the goal should be simple, familiar, and independent.
•
!he goalKsetting theory is culture bound and is popular in -orth American cultures.
•
1f the goalKsetting theory is followed, managers need to work with theiremployees in determining
goal ob2ectives in order to provide targets formotivation. 1n addition, the goals that are established
should be speci crather than general in nature, and managers must provide feedback
onperformance