This document summarizes recent advances in greenhouse technology and controlled environment agriculture (CEA) that could enable a transition to urban agriculture through plant factories. It discusses improvements in greenhouse covering materials, artificial lighting, and environmental control systems. These advances allow for more precise microclimate control and optimization of energy usage. The document also reviews monitoring of environmental conditions using wireless sensor networks and automation of CEA systems. Several opportunities and challenges of implementing integrated CEA and vertical farming for urban agriculture are identified.
The document summarizes the potential implications and applications of nanotechnology across various industries based on information from different sources. It begins by stating that nanotechnology has interdisciplinary implications that could enable economic growth if collaboration at the R&D stage is effectively promoted. It then provides a lengthy list of how nanotechnology could impact industries like agriculture, food, water management, energy, medicine, and more. Specific applications mentioned include precision farming, food safety and shelf-life extension, water filtration, and desalination. The document argues nanotechnology has potential as a general purpose technology due to its wide range of possible implications.
This document discusses using a wireless sensor network to remotely monitor crops in agriculture. It proposes a prototype model developed in Qualnet simulator that uses static sensor nodes to measure soil moisture, temperature, humidity and detect pests/diseases. The sensor data is transmitted to a base station and then to a farmer's phone. Simulations tested both random and grid deployment patterns of sensor nodes. The network aims to help farmers efficiently manage resources and crop growth through real-time monitoring of field conditions.
Today’s Special Report on Equity MarketSelf-employed
Nifty ended at 7875.30 DOWN 22.20 points and Sensex at 26314.29 DOWN 106.38 points. Losses on sale of diesel rise to Rs 1.78/litre. Indirect tax collections up 3.9% in April-July
Mactac Soignies Carte Couleurs Films Adhésifs MACcrystal 8400Mactac Europe
Description
MACcrystal 8400 de MACtac sont des films PVC transparents colorés brillants.
Ces films sont spécialement traités pour garantir une coloration transparente homogène.
MACcrystal 8400 est spécialement conçu pour assurer une découpe par ordinateur et un échenillage facile et rapide même pour des petits caractères ainsi que de fins filets.
Adhésif
Adhésif acrylique permanent transparent à base solvant.
Protecteur
Papier kraft blanc de 135 g/m2 très stable, avec impression bleue au dos.
Domaines d’utilisation
MACcrystal 8400 est utilisé pour la réalisation d’enseignes lumineuses à partir de matériaux opalins (verre acrylique).
MACcrystal 8400 convient également pour des décorations de vitres.
Daily newsletter stoplosstrade 2 nd jan 2013jkhbjcapital
The daily market insight document discusses the Indian stock market performance and provides analysis and recommendations. It notes that Indian stocks remained firm in January due to expected interest rate cuts, though high fiscal and trade deficits may limit gains. It recommends going long on the Nifty if it sustains above 6005 with targets of 6200. Analysis of options data suggests the market sees support at 5800 and resistance at 6200. It recommends buying PNB with confidence and watching for a breakout in NMDC.
Case Study: Retail Bookstore Chain Depends on BIRT for Sales AnalysisActuate Corporation
This Japanese retail bookstore chain needed a new sales analysis and reporting tool to replace their previous system that suffered from poor performance. They selected Actuate's BIRT iServer platform which allows them to build reports from scratch and fully customize them. The BIRT solution provides real-time viewing and printing of static and ad hoc reports. It has increased report usage and adoption among users and improved individual and team performance through better data visualization and customization.
This document summarizes recent advances in greenhouse technology and controlled environment agriculture (CEA) that could enable a transition to urban agriculture through plant factories. It discusses improvements in greenhouse covering materials, artificial lighting, and environmental control systems. These advances allow for more precise microclimate control and optimization of energy usage. The document also reviews monitoring of environmental conditions using wireless sensor networks and automation of CEA systems. Several opportunities and challenges of implementing integrated CEA and vertical farming for urban agriculture are identified.
The document summarizes the potential implications and applications of nanotechnology across various industries based on information from different sources. It begins by stating that nanotechnology has interdisciplinary implications that could enable economic growth if collaboration at the R&D stage is effectively promoted. It then provides a lengthy list of how nanotechnology could impact industries like agriculture, food, water management, energy, medicine, and more. Specific applications mentioned include precision farming, food safety and shelf-life extension, water filtration, and desalination. The document argues nanotechnology has potential as a general purpose technology due to its wide range of possible implications.
This document discusses using a wireless sensor network to remotely monitor crops in agriculture. It proposes a prototype model developed in Qualnet simulator that uses static sensor nodes to measure soil moisture, temperature, humidity and detect pests/diseases. The sensor data is transmitted to a base station and then to a farmer's phone. Simulations tested both random and grid deployment patterns of sensor nodes. The network aims to help farmers efficiently manage resources and crop growth through real-time monitoring of field conditions.
Today’s Special Report on Equity MarketSelf-employed
Nifty ended at 7875.30 DOWN 22.20 points and Sensex at 26314.29 DOWN 106.38 points. Losses on sale of diesel rise to Rs 1.78/litre. Indirect tax collections up 3.9% in April-July
Mactac Soignies Carte Couleurs Films Adhésifs MACcrystal 8400Mactac Europe
Description
MACcrystal 8400 de MACtac sont des films PVC transparents colorés brillants.
Ces films sont spécialement traités pour garantir une coloration transparente homogène.
MACcrystal 8400 est spécialement conçu pour assurer une découpe par ordinateur et un échenillage facile et rapide même pour des petits caractères ainsi que de fins filets.
Adhésif
Adhésif acrylique permanent transparent à base solvant.
Protecteur
Papier kraft blanc de 135 g/m2 très stable, avec impression bleue au dos.
Domaines d’utilisation
MACcrystal 8400 est utilisé pour la réalisation d’enseignes lumineuses à partir de matériaux opalins (verre acrylique).
MACcrystal 8400 convient également pour des décorations de vitres.
Daily newsletter stoplosstrade 2 nd jan 2013jkhbjcapital
The daily market insight document discusses the Indian stock market performance and provides analysis and recommendations. It notes that Indian stocks remained firm in January due to expected interest rate cuts, though high fiscal and trade deficits may limit gains. It recommends going long on the Nifty if it sustains above 6005 with targets of 6200. Analysis of options data suggests the market sees support at 5800 and resistance at 6200. It recommends buying PNB with confidence and watching for a breakout in NMDC.
Case Study: Retail Bookstore Chain Depends on BIRT for Sales AnalysisActuate Corporation
This Japanese retail bookstore chain needed a new sales analysis and reporting tool to replace their previous system that suffered from poor performance. They selected Actuate's BIRT iServer platform which allows them to build reports from scratch and fully customize them. The BIRT solution provides real-time viewing and printing of static and ad hoc reports. It has increased report usage and adoption among users and improved individual and team performance through better data visualization and customization.
Using AI to Recommend Pesticides for Effective Management of Multiple Plant D...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using artificial intelligence to recommend pesticides for effective plant disease management. It presents a methodology using computer vision and machine learning, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to develop a system for detecting plant diseases. The system would analyze leaf images using CNNs and provide fertilizer recommendations to help farmers more easily and quickly identify diseases affecting their crops. This could help reduce excessive pesticide use and environmental damage while improving crop yields. The paper reviews several related works applying CNNs and other machine learning methods to identify diseases from images. It discusses acquiring and preprocessing leaf image datasets to train models for large-scale disease detection, which could support more sustainable and data-driven agricultural decision making.
Food technology is a blanket term for applying food science techniques and principles to the cultivation, production, processing, packaging, labeling, quality management, and distribution of food substances. Much of the food we eat and drink is made using the tools of food technology. The modern food technologies are largely responsible for the successful operation of our supermarkets. This paper provides an introduction to food technology. It covers both new and conventional food technologies. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa "Food Technology: A Tutorial" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29159.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/food-science/29159/food-technology-a-tutorial/matthew-n-o-sadiku
A Food Monitoring System Based on Bluetooth Low Energy and Internet of ThingsIJERA Editor
A Food Monitoring System Based on Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) and Internet of Things(IoT)have provided a plethora of benefits to a variety of commercial industries, including the agricultural, biomedical, cosmetics, environmental, food manufacturing, military, pharmaceutical, regulatory,and various scientific research fields. In this System there exists a gas sensor which is used to detect the gases evolved from the food, temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the food storage area and the humidity sensor to check the humidity. The collected data from the test samples is transferred to the application through Bluetooth using Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) or Internet of Things(IoT) based on the range of the server. The system uses a GSM/GPRS public wireless network for remote data transfer The combination of internet of things technology, GSM / GPRS public wireless network technology and Internet significantly reduces the cost of the system, with leading limitless scope of tracking recognition, which enhances the comprehensive performance of the system greatly.Advances have improved productattributes, uniformity, and consistency as a result of increases in quality control capabilities afforded by A Food monitoring system based on Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) and Internet of Things of all phases of industrial manufacturing processes. This paper is a review of some of the more important and modern applications that have been of greatest benefit to the humankind
IRJET - An Efficient System to Detect Freshness and Quality of FoodIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to detect the freshness and quality of food using sensors. The system would use a hydrogen sensor, moisture sensor, and gas sensor attached to an Arduino board to measure parameters like pH, moisture content, and ethanol/gas levels in foods. The sensor data would be sent wirelessly to a server and compared to thresholds to determine if the food is fresh or spoiled. Results would be displayed on an LCD screen and stored in a database. A web application would allow administrators, students, and hostel organizations to view the results and submit complaints if the system provides inaccurate readings. The goal is to help ensure food safety and quality by detecting spoilage early before visual signs appear.
Food science is the discipline that applies basic sciences and engineering to study the nature of foods and their harvesting, processing, distribution, storage, and preparation. It is essential to meeting the needs of a growing global population. A major goal of food science is to understand the nature and properties of foods at a fundamental level so as to make existing food production processes more ef cient. This paper provides a primer on food science Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa ""Food Science: A Primer"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23952.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/food-science/23952/food-science-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku
We introduce the structure and functions of the gastrointestinal tract, and the FDA guidelines for ingestible wireless telemetric medical devices. We survey the advanced features incorporated in ingestible capsule systems, such as microrobotics, closed-loop feedback, physiological sensing, nerve stimulation, sampling and delivery, panoramic imaging with adaptive frame rates, and rapid reading software. Examples of experimental and commercialized capsule systems are presented with descriptions of their sensors, devices, and circuits for gastrointestinal health monitoring. We also show the recent research in biocompatible materials and batteries, edible electronics, and alternative energy sources for ingestible capsule systems. The results from clinical studies are discussed for the assessment of key performance indicators related to the safety and effectiveness of ingestible capsule procedures. Lastly, the present challenges and outlook are summarized with respect to the risks to health, clinical testing and approval process, and technology adoption by patients and clinicians.
https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/2021/9854040
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy and Rapid Reading - A review of latest technologiesIowa State University
By reviewing hardware and software technologies used for capsule endoscopy and remote patient monitoring, this paper examines the up-to-date progress in ingestible capsule systems that offer a safe and comfortable means of tracking the gastrointestinal tract. It goes on to discuss the FDA guidelines for ingestible wireless telemetric medical devices, as well as the advanced features incorporated in the capsule systems such as microrobotics, closed loop feedback, physiological sensing, nerve stimulation, sampling and delivery, adaptive frame rates, and software. It looks into the examples of both experimental and commercialized capsule systems, along with their sensors, devices, and circuits for gastrointestinal health monitoring. Additionally, the paper presents research about biocompatible materials, batteries, edible electronics, and alternative energy sources for ingestible capsule systems. Lastly, it reviews the clinical studies and assesses the performance indicators related to the safety and effectiveness of ingestible capsule procedures. It also outlines the challenges and the future outlook for the risks to health, clinical testing and approval process, and technology adoption.
In this review, we focus on the hardware and software technologies used for the purpose of gastrointestinal tract monitoring in a safe and comfortable manner. We review the FDA guidelines for ingestible wireless telemetric medical devices, and the features incorporated in capsule systems such as microrobotics, closed-loop feedback, physiological sensing, nerve stimulation, sampling and delivery, panoramic imaging and rapid reading software. Both experimental and commercialized capsule systems with their sensors, devices, and circuits are discussed. Furthermore, the advances in biocompatible materials and batteries, edible electronics and alternative energy sources for ingestible capsule systems are presented. The clinical studies are reviewed to examine the safety and effectiveness of capsule procedures and the current challenges and outlook are summarized.
Dylan Miley*, Leonardo Bertoncello Machado*, Calvin Condo, Albert E. Jergens, Kyoung-Jin Yoon, Santosh Pandey, “Video Capsule Endoscopy and Ingestible Electronics: Emerging Trends in Sensors, Circuits, Materials, Telemetry, Optics, and Rapid Reading Software“, Advanced Devices & Instrumentation, (Science Partner Journal), Volume 2021, Article ID 9854040, 2021. https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/2021/9854040?permanently=true
https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9854040
Sehat Co. - A Smart Food Recommendation SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed food recommendation system called Sehat Co. that uses image processing and deep learning techniques to predict ingredients from uploaded food images. It then matches the predicted ingredients against a database of ingredients known to fight COVID-19 to display relevant recipes, stats on COVID-fighting ingredients, and a recommendation for a second recipe. The system aims to help users track their food intake and choose meals containing ingredients that may increase immunity against COVID-19. It was developed using the Recipe1M dataset containing over 1 million recipes and trained on a multi-task deep learning model to perform ingredient prediction and recipe generation and recommendation.
IRJET- An Efficient System to Detect Freshness and Quality of FoodIRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed system to detect the freshness and quality of food using sensors. The system would use a hydrogen sensor, moisture sensor, and gas sensor attached to an Arduino board to measure parameters of foods like dairy products and fruits. The sensor readings would be sent to a server for analysis and compared to thresholds to determine if the food is fresh. Results would be displayed on an LCD screen as well as stored in a database. A web application would allow admin, students, and organizations to view the results and submit complaints if the system provides inaccurate results. The goal is to help ensure food safety and reduce food poisoning.
Video Capsule Endoscopy and Ingestible Electronics: Emerging Trends in Sensor...Iowa State University
This review article summarizes recent trends in video capsule endoscopy and ingestible electronics technologies. It discusses advances in hardware such as sensors, circuits, materials and software such as telemetry, optics, and rapid reading. The article introduces the structure and functions of the gastrointestinal tract, FDA guidelines for ingestible devices, and examples of commercial and experimental capsule systems. It also covers challenges such as long-term powering, biocompatibility, and safety/comfort, as well as performance measures for assessing capsules. Overall the review provides a comprehensive look at the field of ingestible electronics and capsule endoscopy.
ROLE OF NANO TECHNOLOGY ON AGRI-GREEN PRODUCT PRODUCTION PROCESS: EMERGING NE...IAEME Publication
Nanotechnology is one of the most important tools in modern agriculture, and in the field of
Agri-Green Technology of product Production .where, Agri-food nanotechnology is anticipated to
become a driving economic force in the near future. Agri-food themes focus on sustainability and
protection of agriculturally produced foods, including crops for human consumption and animal
feeding. Nanotechnology provides new agrochemical agents and new delivery mechanisms to
improve crop productivity, and it promises to reduce pesticide use. Nanotechnology can boost
agricultural production, and its applications include: 1) Nano formulations of agrochemicals for
applying pesticides and fertilizers for crop improvement; 2) the application of
nanosensors/nanobiosensors in crop protection for the identification of diseases and residues of
agrochemicals; 3) nanodevices for the genetic manipulation of plants; 4) plant disease diagnostics;
5) animal health, animal breeding, poultry production; and 6) postharvest management. Precision
farming techniques could be used to further improve crop yields but not damage soil and water,
reduce nitrogen loss due to leaching and emissions, as well as enhance nutrients long-term
incorporation by soil microorganisms. Nanotechnology uses include nanoparticle-mediated gene
or DNA transfer in plants for the development of insect-resistant varieties, food processing and
storage, nanofeed additives, and increased product shelf life. Nanotechnology promises to
Dr. Ramesh Chandra Rath, Puspita Acharya, Anoopa Laly and Bishnu Chanran Rout
http://www.iaeme.com/IJARET/index.asp 35 editor@iaeme.com
accelerate the development of biomass-to-fuels production technologies. Experts feel that the
potential benefits of nanotechnology for agriculture, food, fisheries, and aquaculture need to be
balanced against concerns for the soil, water, and environment and the occupational health of
workers. Raising awareness of nanotechnology in the agri-food sector, including feed and food
ingredients, intelligent packaging and quick-detection systems, is one of the keys to influencing
consumer acceptance. On the basis of only a handful of toxicological studies, concerns have arisen
regarding the safety of Nanomaterials, and researchers and companies will need to prove that
these nanotechnologies do not have more of a negative impact on the environment.
Nanotechnology An Innovative Approach for Smart Agricultureijtsrd
Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary research field. In recent past efforts have been made to improve agricultural yield through exhaustive research in nanotechnology. The green revolution resulted in blind usage of pesticides and chemical fertilizers which caused loss of soil biodiversity and developed resistance against pathogens and pests as well. Nanoparticle mediated material delivery to plants and advanced biosensors for precision farming are possible only by nanoparticles or nanochips. Nanoencapsulated conventional fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides helps in slow and sustained release of nutrients and agrochemicals resulting in precise dosage to the plants. Nanotechnology based plant viral disease detection kits are also becoming popular and are useful in speedy and early detection of viral diseases. In this article, the potential uses and benefits of nanotechnology in precision agriculture are discussed. The modern nanotechnology based tools and techniques have the potential to address the various problems of conventional agriculture and can revolutionize this sector. Dr. Rajiv "Nanotechnology: An Innovative Approach for Smart Agriculture" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49942.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/49942/nanotechnology-an-innovative-approach-for-smart-agriculture/dr-rajiv
Food Classification and Recommendation for Health and Diet Tracking using Mac...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that uses machine learning to classify food images and recommend foods for health and diet tracking. The researchers collected 1000 food images from various sources to create a dataset with 12 food classes. A convolutional neural network (CNN) model was trained on the dataset and achieved an average accuracy of 86.33% for classifying images into the correct food category. The model can also provide dietary recommendations to help people, such as diabetics, track their health goals. The researchers conclude that combining food classification with recommendation using deep learning is useful for applications like automatic food labeling and dietary assessment.
An Innovative Approach for Tomato Leaf Disease Identification and its Benefic...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an innovative approach for identifying diseases in tomato leaves using image processing and machine learning techniques. Specifically, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model is developed and trained on a dataset of tomato leaf images showing various disease symptoms. Through testing and validation, the proposed approach achieves high accuracy in classifying different types of tomato leaf diseases. Integrating this method could enable timely disease detection, reduce crop losses, and optimize resource allocation for more sustainable agricultural practices. The research contributes a practical solution for automating tomato leaf disease detection to enhance disease management and food security.
Smart Pill Reminder and Monitoring SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed smart pill reminder and monitoring system using IoT technology. The system uses an Arduino microcontroller connected to an IR sensor to detect when medication is taken from a pill box. An ESP module and Android app are used to update the caregiver on medication adherence. The proposed system aims to address limitations of existing methods by integrating additional components like the ESP module and buzzer to send alerts and save data in the cloud. This allows caregivers to remotely monitor patients and ensures medication is taken on schedule.
Smart Cultivation: An Arduino-based IoT Aeroponics System for Indoor FarmingIRJET Journal
This document describes a study that designed and implemented an Arduino-based Internet of Things (IoT) aeroponics system for indoor farming. The system uses sensors to monitor environmental conditions and actuators to control irrigation and lighting. It aims to precisely control growth factors to enable year-round production of high-quality crops. The system integrates advanced IoT technology and automation to optimize plant growth and resource usage. Experimental results showed the system achieved significant reductions in water and fertilizer usage compared to traditional farming methods, demonstrating improved sustainability and efficiency for indoor agriculture.
This document presents a project to develop a non-invasive blood glucose monitoring device. It is being developed by a team of 6 students from various engineering departments at Salem College of Engineering and Technology, under the guidance of their mentor Manju R. The document outlines the background and significance of diabetes, existing blood glucose testing techniques, problems with current invasive methods, and their proposed solution - a compact, battery-operated, painless device that uses near-infrared light to measure blood glucose levels non-invasively. It discusses the working mechanism, advantages, budget, potential applications and concludes by summarizing the benefits of developing a comparative non-invasive technique.
The Effect of State and Local Buffering Mechanisms on Household Food Security...May Cho
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2012 Jul;43(4):1042-52.
Household food security and buffering mechanisms in Thai and non-Thai households in Nong Loo Sub-district, Sangkhla Buri, Thailand.
Cho MM1, Knowles J, Atwood S.
Advance IoT-based BSN Healthcare System for Emergency Response of Patient wit...IJMTST Journal
BSN is a prior and emerging technology in the medical field .BSN care system first deploy light weight ,tinypowered
sensors on patient body which communicate with each other and the coordinator node which is on
the body.This system mainly focuses on the measurement and estimation of important parameters like
ECG,temperature,level of blood. This real time system focuses on several parameters like patient location,
data storage, motion detection and transmission of data as well as alert messages to first responder and
server of hospital.In this system we are using three types of sensors ECG sensor,temperature sensor and
level sensor which gathers patients information and sends to micro-controller via which it goes to
BTC(Bluetooth Controller) through it is transferred to an Android smart phone of patient via Wi-Fi/Internet it
goes to server and from the server data is sends to doctors Android App. We are additionally using NFC(Near
Field Communication) technology,motion detection of patient by continuous grabbing of feed from
camera.Subsequently, by using this customized algorithm we proposed IOT based healthcare system using
body sensors which efficiently accomplish requirement.
Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected with p...Alexander Decker
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated levels of hormones like luteinizing hormone and testosterone, as well as higher levels of insulin and insulin resistance compared to healthy women. They also have increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and leptin. This study found these abnormalities in the hormones and inflammatory cytokines of women with PCOS ages 23-40, indicating that hormone imbalances associated with insulin resistance and elevated inflammatory markers may worsen infertility in women with PCOS.
Using AI to Recommend Pesticides for Effective Management of Multiple Plant D...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using artificial intelligence to recommend pesticides for effective plant disease management. It presents a methodology using computer vision and machine learning, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), to develop a system for detecting plant diseases. The system would analyze leaf images using CNNs and provide fertilizer recommendations to help farmers more easily and quickly identify diseases affecting their crops. This could help reduce excessive pesticide use and environmental damage while improving crop yields. The paper reviews several related works applying CNNs and other machine learning methods to identify diseases from images. It discusses acquiring and preprocessing leaf image datasets to train models for large-scale disease detection, which could support more sustainable and data-driven agricultural decision making.
Food technology is a blanket term for applying food science techniques and principles to the cultivation, production, processing, packaging, labeling, quality management, and distribution of food substances. Much of the food we eat and drink is made using the tools of food technology. The modern food technologies are largely responsible for the successful operation of our supermarkets. This paper provides an introduction to food technology. It covers both new and conventional food technologies. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa "Food Technology: A Tutorial" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29159.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/food-science/29159/food-technology-a-tutorial/matthew-n-o-sadiku
A Food Monitoring System Based on Bluetooth Low Energy and Internet of ThingsIJERA Editor
A Food Monitoring System Based on Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) and Internet of Things(IoT)have provided a plethora of benefits to a variety of commercial industries, including the agricultural, biomedical, cosmetics, environmental, food manufacturing, military, pharmaceutical, regulatory,and various scientific research fields. In this System there exists a gas sensor which is used to detect the gases evolved from the food, temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the food storage area and the humidity sensor to check the humidity. The collected data from the test samples is transferred to the application through Bluetooth using Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) or Internet of Things(IoT) based on the range of the server. The system uses a GSM/GPRS public wireless network for remote data transfer The combination of internet of things technology, GSM / GPRS public wireless network technology and Internet significantly reduces the cost of the system, with leading limitless scope of tracking recognition, which enhances the comprehensive performance of the system greatly.Advances have improved productattributes, uniformity, and consistency as a result of increases in quality control capabilities afforded by A Food monitoring system based on Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) and Internet of Things of all phases of industrial manufacturing processes. This paper is a review of some of the more important and modern applications that have been of greatest benefit to the humankind
IRJET - An Efficient System to Detect Freshness and Quality of FoodIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system to detect the freshness and quality of food using sensors. The system would use a hydrogen sensor, moisture sensor, and gas sensor attached to an Arduino board to measure parameters like pH, moisture content, and ethanol/gas levels in foods. The sensor data would be sent wirelessly to a server and compared to thresholds to determine if the food is fresh or spoiled. Results would be displayed on an LCD screen and stored in a database. A web application would allow administrators, students, and hostel organizations to view the results and submit complaints if the system provides inaccurate readings. The goal is to help ensure food safety and quality by detecting spoilage early before visual signs appear.
Food science is the discipline that applies basic sciences and engineering to study the nature of foods and their harvesting, processing, distribution, storage, and preparation. It is essential to meeting the needs of a growing global population. A major goal of food science is to understand the nature and properties of foods at a fundamental level so as to make existing food production processes more ef cient. This paper provides a primer on food science Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa ""Food Science: A Primer"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23952.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/food-science/23952/food-science-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku
We introduce the structure and functions of the gastrointestinal tract, and the FDA guidelines for ingestible wireless telemetric medical devices. We survey the advanced features incorporated in ingestible capsule systems, such as microrobotics, closed-loop feedback, physiological sensing, nerve stimulation, sampling and delivery, panoramic imaging with adaptive frame rates, and rapid reading software. Examples of experimental and commercialized capsule systems are presented with descriptions of their sensors, devices, and circuits for gastrointestinal health monitoring. We also show the recent research in biocompatible materials and batteries, edible electronics, and alternative energy sources for ingestible capsule systems. The results from clinical studies are discussed for the assessment of key performance indicators related to the safety and effectiveness of ingestible capsule procedures. Lastly, the present challenges and outlook are summarized with respect to the risks to health, clinical testing and approval process, and technology adoption by patients and clinicians.
https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/2021/9854040
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy and Rapid Reading - A review of latest technologiesIowa State University
By reviewing hardware and software technologies used for capsule endoscopy and remote patient monitoring, this paper examines the up-to-date progress in ingestible capsule systems that offer a safe and comfortable means of tracking the gastrointestinal tract. It goes on to discuss the FDA guidelines for ingestible wireless telemetric medical devices, as well as the advanced features incorporated in the capsule systems such as microrobotics, closed loop feedback, physiological sensing, nerve stimulation, sampling and delivery, adaptive frame rates, and software. It looks into the examples of both experimental and commercialized capsule systems, along with their sensors, devices, and circuits for gastrointestinal health monitoring. Additionally, the paper presents research about biocompatible materials, batteries, edible electronics, and alternative energy sources for ingestible capsule systems. Lastly, it reviews the clinical studies and assesses the performance indicators related to the safety and effectiveness of ingestible capsule procedures. It also outlines the challenges and the future outlook for the risks to health, clinical testing and approval process, and technology adoption.
In this review, we focus on the hardware and software technologies used for the purpose of gastrointestinal tract monitoring in a safe and comfortable manner. We review the FDA guidelines for ingestible wireless telemetric medical devices, and the features incorporated in capsule systems such as microrobotics, closed-loop feedback, physiological sensing, nerve stimulation, sampling and delivery, panoramic imaging and rapid reading software. Both experimental and commercialized capsule systems with their sensors, devices, and circuits are discussed. Furthermore, the advances in biocompatible materials and batteries, edible electronics and alternative energy sources for ingestible capsule systems are presented. The clinical studies are reviewed to examine the safety and effectiveness of capsule procedures and the current challenges and outlook are summarized.
Dylan Miley*, Leonardo Bertoncello Machado*, Calvin Condo, Albert E. Jergens, Kyoung-Jin Yoon, Santosh Pandey, “Video Capsule Endoscopy and Ingestible Electronics: Emerging Trends in Sensors, Circuits, Materials, Telemetry, Optics, and Rapid Reading Software“, Advanced Devices & Instrumentation, (Science Partner Journal), Volume 2021, Article ID 9854040, 2021. https://spj.science.org/doi/10.34133/2021/9854040?permanently=true
https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/9854040
Sehat Co. - A Smart Food Recommendation SystemIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed food recommendation system called Sehat Co. that uses image processing and deep learning techniques to predict ingredients from uploaded food images. It then matches the predicted ingredients against a database of ingredients known to fight COVID-19 to display relevant recipes, stats on COVID-fighting ingredients, and a recommendation for a second recipe. The system aims to help users track their food intake and choose meals containing ingredients that may increase immunity against COVID-19. It was developed using the Recipe1M dataset containing over 1 million recipes and trained on a multi-task deep learning model to perform ingredient prediction and recipe generation and recommendation.
IRJET- An Efficient System to Detect Freshness and Quality of FoodIRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed system to detect the freshness and quality of food using sensors. The system would use a hydrogen sensor, moisture sensor, and gas sensor attached to an Arduino board to measure parameters of foods like dairy products and fruits. The sensor readings would be sent to a server for analysis and compared to thresholds to determine if the food is fresh. Results would be displayed on an LCD screen as well as stored in a database. A web application would allow admin, students, and organizations to view the results and submit complaints if the system provides inaccurate results. The goal is to help ensure food safety and reduce food poisoning.
Video Capsule Endoscopy and Ingestible Electronics: Emerging Trends in Sensor...Iowa State University
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Dr. Ramesh Chandra Rath, Puspita Acharya, Anoopa Laly and Bishnu Chanran Rout
http://www.iaeme.com/IJARET/index.asp 35 editor@iaeme.com
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Nanotechnology An Innovative Approach for Smart Agricultureijtsrd
Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary research field. In recent past efforts have been made to improve agricultural yield through exhaustive research in nanotechnology. The green revolution resulted in blind usage of pesticides and chemical fertilizers which caused loss of soil biodiversity and developed resistance against pathogens and pests as well. Nanoparticle mediated material delivery to plants and advanced biosensors for precision farming are possible only by nanoparticles or nanochips. Nanoencapsulated conventional fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides helps in slow and sustained release of nutrients and agrochemicals resulting in precise dosage to the plants. Nanotechnology based plant viral disease detection kits are also becoming popular and are useful in speedy and early detection of viral diseases. In this article, the potential uses and benefits of nanotechnology in precision agriculture are discussed. The modern nanotechnology based tools and techniques have the potential to address the various problems of conventional agriculture and can revolutionize this sector. Dr. Rajiv "Nanotechnology: An Innovative Approach for Smart Agriculture" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49942.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/49942/nanotechnology-an-innovative-approach-for-smart-agriculture/dr-rajiv
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Smart Cultivation: An Arduino-based IoT Aeroponics System for Indoor FarmingIRJET Journal
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The Effect of State and Local Buffering Mechanisms on Household Food Security...May Cho
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Field Communication) technology,motion detection of patient by continuous grabbing of feed from
camera.Subsequently, by using this customized algorithm we proposed IOT based healthcare system using
body sensors which efficiently accomplish requirement.
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How to improve food security and farming systems by using wireless sensor networks
1. Food Science and Quality Management www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-6088 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0557 (Online)
Vol 5, 2012
How to Improve Food Security and Farming Systems by Using
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
Shrikrishan Yadav (Corresponding author)
Pacific College of Engineering, Pacific University
Udaipur-313001, India
E-mail: shrikrishanyadav77@gmail.com
Kuldeep Swarnkar
Pacific College of Engineering, Pacific University
Udaipur-313001, India
E-mail: kuldeep.996@gmail.com
Tanushree Chauhan
Pacific College of Engineering, Pacific University
Udaipur-313001, India
E-mail: tanushree82.chauhan@gmail.com
Abstract
According to a survey approximate 925 million people do not have enough food to eat. So it is a challenge to secure
food as well as produce enough to fulfil all needs. A person can live without other necessities but cannot live without
food. The food security refers to the ability of food systems to ensure that everyone has enough food to live a healthy
life. A household is considered food-secure when its occupants do not live in hunger or fear of starvation. There are
many reasons behind this, due to poor farming system, export restrictions, panic buying, increased farming for use
in bio-fuels, global population growth, climate change, loss of agricultural land to residential and industrial
development, and growing consumer demand in largest populated country such as China and India are claimed to
have pushed up the price of grain. Some other factors which also cause food shortage, the agricultural productivity;
soil health, water security, and food quality in storage and distribution are identified as the primary determinants of
food security. So in this paper we have discussed how to secure food and enhance farming system by using Wireless
Sensors Networks (WSN).
Keywords: WSN, Food Security, Developing Countries, Agriculture, Farming System, Management, ICT
1. Introduction
Food crisis and hunger have weighed down mankind throughout history and remain critical problems. Most recently,
attention has been focused on the problem of food security, which has become one of the main issues on the global
agenda. Concerns over food security have been prompted by the impact of climate change; sharp raises in food prices
in many developing countries like India, and energy policies, in particular the issue of bio fuels. The food
security refers to the availability of food and one's access to it.
To prevent food insecurity, we require reliable food systems at each stage of the food cycle: from food production
and harvesting, during transport and distribution, at the shops we buy at and in the social settings wherever we
consume food, and in the management of the resulting bio-waste outputs. The impact of climate change on food
security has drawn great attention. Extreme weather events can have an immediate, adverse impact on food
availability, while shifts in weather patterns can increase crop vulnerability to infection, pest infestations, and
choking weeds. The increased use of agricultural lands to produce bio fuels instead of food, global population growth,
loss of agricultural land to residential and industrial development and growing consumer demand in developing
36
2. Food Science and Quality Management www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-6088 (Paper) ISSN 2225-0557 (Online)
Vol 5, 2012
countries have also been cited as reasons for rising prices and shortages.
The magnitude of the problem of hunger and food security is alarming. Every six seconds, a child dies from hunger
and related diseases. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), a specialized agency of the United Nations,
estimates that more than 860 million people in the world today suffers from hunger. Of those, about 830 million live
in developing countries, the very countries expected to be most affected by climate change.
Sharp recent increases in the price of food have raised special concern and calls for global action. In India food
prices rose by nearly 60 per cent in 2011 and further large increases took place in the first part of year 2012. For the
poor, higher food prices mean a reduced ability to purchase staples such as rice, maize, wheat, and dairy products.
Lack of affordable food can cause long-term, irreversible consequences for health, productivity, and well-being.
There are many factors which to be considered when addressing food security, but in all of them information and
communication technologies (ICTs) such as wireless sensor network can act as catalysts. Some of them are policy,
legal framework, technology, knowledge, markets, research, etc.
2. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
All Sensor Networks have been signed as one of 21 most important technologies for 21st century by Business Week.
Recent advances in sensing, computing and communication technologies coupled with the need to continuously
monitor physical phenomena have led to the development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) . WSN consist of
four main components: A radio, a processor, sensors and battery.
Figure 1. Four Main Components of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)
A WSN is formed by densely deployed sensor nodes in an application area. In most deployments, the sensor nodes
have self-organizing capabilities, to form an appropriate structure in order to collaboratively perform a particular task.
The Sensor Node, which is a basic element of Wireless Sensor Network, is composed of Sensing, Computation and
wireless Communication unit. These sensor nodes are hence capable of observing physical phenomenon, process the
observed and received information and communicate the observed or processed information to the nearby sensor
nodes to form a network of sensor nodes.
A sensor network is a computer network Composed of a large number of sensor nodes. Usually these devices are
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small and inexpensive, so that they can be produced and deployed in large numbers, and so their resources in terms
of energy, memory, computational speed and bandwidth are severely controlled. There are different Sensors such as
pressure, accelerometer, camera, thermal, microphone, etc. They monitor conditions at different locations, such as
temperature, humidity, vehicular movement, lightning condition, pressure, soil makeup, noise levels, the presence or
absence of certain kinds of objects, mechanical stress levels on attached objects, the current characteristics such as
speed, direction and size of an object. Normally these Sensor nodes perform mainly three types of task: sensing,
processing and communicating.
Figure 2. Basic Concept of a Sensor Node
Wireless Sensor Networks are found suitable for different applications such as in its early stages, its impact is
envisaged to be far reaching, from daily life, to remote area, some applications are: Surveillance and Tracking,
Monitoring of environment, Smart homes, Habitat monitoring , Automation, Precision agriculture, Health care,
Automobiles, Hazardous zones, Disaster prone zones or detection, Vehicular Traffic Management, Supply Chain
Management, Defence applications to probing of planets, Underwater monitoring, Military applications such as
Monitoring Friendly Forces, Equipment and Ammunition , Security management etc. Sensor networks are also
widely used in health care area. In some modern hospital sensor networks are constructed to monitor patient
physiological data, to control the drug administration track and monitor patients and doctors and inside a hospital.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) has emerged as an important area for research and development. Moreover they
can be used for monitoring as well as control. In fact, they form the basic constituent of ubiquitous sensing,
communication, computing, and control.
3. WSN for Food Security and Agriculture
The food security refers to the ability of food systems to ensure that everyone has enough food to live a healthy
life. To prevent food insecurity, we require reliable food systems at each stage of the food cycle: from food
production and harvesting, during transport and distribution, at the shops we buy at and in the social settings
wherever we consume food, and in the management of the resulting bio-waste outputs.
The wireless sensor networks can be deployed or implemented locally as well as globally to secure food in a
food cycle from production stage to a consumer stage. The proper monitoring and management of food at every
stage of food cycle can solve out the problem of food crises easily. It can be done by following techniques:
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Figure. 3. Food Cycle
3.1 Monitoring and Early Warning
The systematic monitoring of food supplies is a first and necessary step to address food security. This includes
mapping agricultural production and food shortages and establishing comprehensive data bases. Monitoring can be
greatly facilitated by more effective use of WSNs, including:
Remote Sensing Infrastructure: by monitoring of agriculture and water resources by the use of high resolution
radiometers and moderate-resolution imaging spectrometers, general placed aboard aircraft and satellites.
Other Equipment: PCs, PDAs, servers, mainframes, network databases and software are used for food security
analysis, including statistics, modelling and mapping. In particular geographic information systems (GIS) [3] can
help to establish cross-sectoral communication - by providing powerful tools for storage and analysis of statistical
data, and integrating databases of different sources in the same format, structure and map projection.
Communication Infrastructure: The relevant information can be distributed via the Internet and other
communication channels to farmers and consumers, and can be presented on web portals, interactive maps, etc. The
mapping and monitoring of vegetation productivity, yield forecasts and global weather patterns are also used by
organizations to issue early warnings to alert those concerned of potential problems of food security.
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Data storage
Internet
Application server
Access point
Network node
Handheld PDA
Meteorological station
Sensor
Source: COMMON Sense net, http://commonsense.epfl.ch/
Figure 4. Monitoring and Analysis of Agriculture Field
They can make it possible for governments to take preventive actions in areas at risk of a food crisis and arrange the
possible outcomes as soon as possible especially in the case of natural disasters e.g. flood, earthquake, tsunami, etc.
3.2 Locally and Globally: Emergency Communications
To be able to coordinate and to rapidly provide food supplies in emergency situations and crises affecting basic food
access, for example the UN World Food Programme (WFP) is making use of emergency telecommunications
services, including radio networks and satellite phone services.
Its main tasks include:
• Providing inter-agency telecommunications infrastructure and services, for both data and security
communications;
• Providing standard, interoperable ICT platforms and procedures to avoid duplication and ensure cost
effective services;
• Ensuring a smooth transition to the post-emergency reconstruction.
Technical standards are vital to safeguard interoperability of different systems for monitoring, early warning and
emergency communications.
3.3 Locally: Monitoring Agricultural Conditions
The monitoring environmental and soil conditions can make farming more profitable and sustainable, for instance,
through better water management and pest and disease control (It is estimated that the overall efficiency of water use
for agriculture is less than 30 per cent). Improved operation and management of
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E-agricultural services can
assist farmers in solving
agriculture related problems
via sms, inform on weather
forecast and on market
prices
Farmers and producers
can learn on farming
advances, trade online,
build new partnerships,
reach new markets and
allocate resources better
Rural radio connect
people in remote areas,
improves agricultural
practices and requires
only resources ordinarily
available to small-scale
farmers
Sources: www.techgadgets.in and www.e-agriculture.org
Figure 5. Mobile and Radio services to Farmers
Water for irrigation can lead to significant savings and to a more sustainable use of water resources, as well as
enhanced soil productivity.
The some following tools can be used in agricultural and soil monitoring to enhance the farming system and increase
the production, which includes:
Stand-Alone Sensors: These sensors measure air temperature, atmospheric pressure and humidity.
Ubiquitous Sensor Networks (USN): In this network the sensor nodes are deployed on the field and transmitting
data to a base station. This data can also be uploaded to global systems and can use or analysed for different purpose
and this makes the farming conditions much better.
Telemetry Units: These units are used to transmit air temperature, humidity, leaf wetness data, solar radiation, wind
speed, and soil moisture, using cellular networks.
The deployment of WSN in the field can help to improve food yields and enable farmers to better forecast crop
yields and production. By combining sensors such as humidity, temperature, and light, the risk of coolness can be
detected. Monitoring can ensure prevention of possible plant diseases or manage watering requirements based on soil
humidity. This helps to control conditions in nurseries and to closely monitor high performance or delicate crops,
such as vineyards or tropical fruit, where the slightest change in climate can affect the final outcome. All of this
information can also help us to determine the optimum conditions for each crop, by comparing the figures obtained
during the best harvests. Given their ease of use and scalability, wireless sensor networks can also be used to monitor
isolated areas of difficult access, where mushrooms, truffles and other sensitive crops are grown which are very
sensitive with climate changes.
The use of WSN to share data increases the number of farmers profiting from the information. One example is
provided by the COMMON Sense Net project (Community-Oriented Management and Monitoring of Natural
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Resources through sensor network). COMMON Sense Net is used for agricultural management in the rural semi-arid
areas in Karnataka, Southern India. The project consists of a wireless network of ground-sensors that periodically
record the state of the soil (measuring salinity and humidity), the air temperature, the volume of precipitation and
other parameters. A second network of subterranean sensors is used to monitor the level and quality of ground-water.
A number of limitations and challenges in the technology still need to be resolved, e.g., the limited lifetime of sensor
nodes and the reliability of multi-hop communication. Different approaches and protocols have been proposed to
increase the lifetime of sensor nodes. These include synchronized communication protocols, and efficient
sleep/wakeup cycles. However, the deployment of sensors and networks is costly and requires technical knowledge
and trained personnel. Today’s installations mostly serve research purposes in the developed world, rather than being
used to safeguard food security. More effort must be made so that the technical design is appropriate to the
geographical, cultural and socioeconomic situation of the end-users. Finding technology appropriate solutions is a
critical need in developing countries.
3.4 Locally: WSN to Enhance Sustainable Agricultural Development
At the local level, WSN can provide farmers with useful and beneficial information, such as new farming techniques,
weather reports, and crop prices. This is also referred to as e-agriculture and the following are some practical
examples of this use of WSN:
Rural Radio: Information and knowledge play a key role in improving farming method and addressing food security.
The radio has a fairly wide coverage and is a relatively inexpensive communication medium that can provide farmers
with information about farming conditions.
SMS: Farmers can use mobile phones to receive text messages with market information on commodities such as
market price, supply, demand and traffic jam problems. In some countries, these types of services reach millions of
farmers every week and making their lifestyle better.
Telecenters: In rural areas, information can also be made available to farmers through community telecenters. These
centers provide the rural population with access to the Internet, to telephone and fax services connection. Farmers
can use these services to enhance communication with potential buyers and to access information on improved
farming techniques.
E-learning/Training: Rural education is a key resource in the fight against poverty and hunger. In addition, where
access is available, the Internet can help farmers to reach new markets and better allocate resources. Several
partnership initiatives offer online toolkits to train individuals and support institutions and networks world-wide in
the effective management of agricultural information.
For example, e-Choupal in India and Tradenet in Ghana offer mobile phone and web based services that help
farmers achieve better yields and secure better prices by allowing them to receive accurate weather forecasts and
local price information direct to their mobile phones, and in their local language.
Similar services are used by coffee producers and fishermen to quickly respond to market demand and to avoid waste.
A study in Kerala, India, showed that fishing profits grew by 8 per cent while fish prices decreased by 4 per cent,
after mobile phone services were introduced in the market. This improvement was equivalent to an increase of 2 per
cent in per-capita GDP.
Mobile phones are rapidly becoming widespread in developing countries (more than 70 per cent of the world’s
mobile subscribers were in developing countries at the beginning of 2008). The use of mobile phones to distribute
food market information offers great advantages for consumers and food producers.
4. Some other Ways to Secure and Control Wastage of Food
4.1 Locally and Globally: Proper Storage and Management
Due to the improper storage and management the problem of hunger and food insecurity remains as such after a good
production of food materials. For example In India some time before farmers strikes because they don’t have enough
containers (i.e. Boris) to store their food products. A survey said that approximate 20 percent food materials destroy
by the rats in store houses in India also government don’t have enough warehouses (Godowns) to store food
materials. So with good production the security of food is must and it can be done by proper management and
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storage. The government and NGOs can control or stop the deaths due to hunger at local as well as global level.
4.2 Locally and Globally: Proper Transport and Monitoring
The accuracy of monitoring our food supply during the transport and distribution increases consumer confidence and
protects community health and the food industry's integrity. To prevent food insecurity, we require reliable food
systems at each stage of the food cycle: from food production and harvesting, during transport and distribution, at the
shops we buy at and in the social settings wherever we consume food, and in the management of the resulting
bio-waste outputs. Using the GPS and GPRS/3G modules the food being transported can be located at all times,
providing detailed information on its condition. This helps to improve product traceability, and to determine liability
where applicable if it becomes spoiled during the logistics phase.
WSN can detect and store environmental samples during the product's transport and know therefore whether it has
been exposed to high temperatures, damp, or whether it has been contaminated during the journey, or whether the
container was opened in an unauthorised fashion or even whether it has been dropped or suffered an impact. We can
discover a wide range of things such as whether a frozen product's cold chain has been broken.
4.3 Locally: Control Wastage of Food in Marriages and Parties
In India large amount of food is wastage in marriages, religious festivals as well as parties. According to a survey
which is done by Food Corporation of India (FCI) approximate 58 thousand million rupees food wastage in
marriages and parties in India every year The vast decoration, different types of food dishes, thousands of guests
becomes the tradition as well as showcase in marriages and parties. These are the main factors which causes the
wastage of food materials. These causes of food wastage can be control by people at their own level and by
government by making rule and regulations.
5. Conclusion and Future Scope
In the past few years, sharply rising prices and shortages of food and agricultural commodities, particularly in many
developing countries, have led to global concern about food security. This problem is linked in large part to the
impact of climate change on agriculture. There are several ways in which information and communication
technologies can address this problem at the local and global level. Information Communication Technologies (ICTs)
such as wireless sensor network, cognitive radios are used by many international organizations for mapping and
monitoring world food supplies, early warning systems, and to respond when disasters strike. In this area, some
organizations work on telecommunication and radio communication standards is essential to the functioning of the
humanitarian community.
In developing countries such as India, the use of information communication technologies or systems like wireless
sensor network or cognitive radio network by farmers can increase the production as well gives the opportunity to
watch the food in the food cycle for proper management and supply of the food items. Then the rural population to
overcome hunger and food security can be improving in early stages. The mobile phone revolution, especially the
growth of mobile penetration in developing countries, offers new opportunities to benefit farmers and agricultural
production. Better access to weather, market and price information can have an impact on the incomes of farmers and
fishermen. However, the full potential of ICTs to address food security and for farming system has yet to be realized,
and can be implemented in future for better results.
References
Trade Reforms and Food Security, UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) FAO, 2003,
http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4671e/y4671e00.HTM
“Wireless Sensor Networks for marginal farming in India” by Jacques Panchard, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Switzerland. http://commonsense.epfl.ch/Resources/thesis.pdf.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_information_system
UN World Food Programme (WFP) http://www.wfp.org
COMMON Sense net, http://commonsense.epfl.ch/
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