This document discusses approaches for fast retrieval of data from large datasets. It describes a two-stage approach where the first stage uses approximate procedures to retrieve the top-K items, and the second stage selects the final top-k using brute force evaluation on the K retrieved items. The key idea is to reduce the first stage to a standard information retrieval problem by representing each item as a sparse feature vector and using vector dot product to calculate relevance scores, which allows leveraging efficient retrieval techniques. The document claims this approach is model-agnostic and can provide improvements over baselines in computational cost versus accuracy.