Published on Nov 15, 2014 Presentation on State of the Map 2014 Buenos Aires, Argentina

1. State of the Map 2014
Can Global Navigation Satellite
System (GNSS) change a way of
mapping?
Representative Director
OpenStreetMap Foundation Japan
Hiroshi Miura

2. apologize
● This presentation is made by previous great
studies.
● Special thanks to Mr. Taro Suzuki,
https://taroz.net/
● His extra-ordinary outcome, ex. GNSS-rador
application, help this presentation.
● I've just shared a knowledge which was
learned from these results.

3. Talk plan
● Mapping in Japan
● GNSS/GPS status
● Satellites and mapping
● Simple survey test
● TODO

4. OSM and Japan
● Started in 2008
Tokyo, 2007 → 2010

5. Mapping in early days

7. Armchair mapping
● 2010.10 -
● Bing! trace
● Import Yahoo!Japan's map data
● Permission to trace government data by
Geospatial Information Authority of JAPAN

8. Building and POIs

9. Tunami changes
● Active crisis
mappers
● HOT activity
● Disaster prevension
local communities

10. Growing data/community
wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/User:Techstrom/JapanData
Green/Orange: users/active users, blue: nodes

11. Precise buildings/ POIs
f4map.com: Shinjuku, Tokyo

12. F4map : Tsuruga-jo, Fukushima

13. Precise mapping
● Next mapping targets are going to be:
– Building shape, size and height
– Condensed POI mapping
● It need a field survey

14. GNSS/GPS status
Global Navigation Satellite Systems

15. GPS
● Global Positioning System
● Oprated by USA
● 31 satellites

16. GLONASS
● Russia
● Opens in 2007
● Operation 24, total 31 in 2014
● Compatible with GPS
● A high angle(64.8) of inclination

17. Galileo
● EU introduced in 2002
– 4 testbed operated in 2014
– No open operation now.
● 22 satellites budgeted
● Will be opened soon.

18. Beidou/Compass
● China start in 2000
BeiDou Navigation
Satellite System (BDS,
北斗 星 航系卫 导 统 )
● In 2012, 16 satellites
● Regional support
● 30 sat in 2020
the figure is cited from EOPortal by ESA
https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-
missions/c-missions/cnss

19. QZSS
● Japan start its complimentary
satellite system QZSS:
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
● Nickname みちびき
means “Navigator”
● RNSS: Regional Navigation
Satellite System
● Operate 1 sat in 2014
"Qzss-45-0.09" by Tubas - {Systems Tool Kit (STK) - Analytical Graphics Inc www.agi.com}. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via
Wikimedia Commons - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg#mediaviewer/File:Qzss-45-0.09.jpg

20. QZSS orbit operation
● 24h cycle
● 3 orbits
● Good for Asia-Pacific
● Minimum 3 satellites
to work
● 4 sat buddged
CC BY-SA 3.0 by Hiroshi FUKUDA
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Qzss-01-120s2.gif

21. Satellites and mapping

22. Satellites view and accuracy
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

23. Japan
HDOP=0.6
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html
HDOP: Horizontal Dilution of Precision

24. Japan: mask < 30deg
HDOP=0.8
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

25. Argentina
HDOP=0.6
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

26. Only GPS
HDOP=0.9
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

27. GPS: mask < 30deg
sat
3 - 8
HDOP=1.2
With GLONASS
sat
6-10
HDOP=1.0
http://www.taroz.net/GNSS-Radar.html

28. Satellites View difference
● Asia/Japan
● 25 – 35 sat
● higher angle
● GLONASS
● Beidou
● QZSS
● GPS
● SA/Argentina
● 21 – 25 sat
● lower angle
● GLONASS
● GPS

29. In Future
● In Asia
● Galileo: 27
● GLONASS: 24
● BEIDOU: 32
● GPS: 32
● QZSS: 7
● IRNNS: 7**
● SBAS: 11***
● 7 systems
● In SA
● Galileo: 27
● GLONASS: 24
● BEIDOU: 32*
● GPS: 32
● SBAS: 11
● 5 systems
(*) expand world wide in 2020
(**) India (***) Satellite based Augumentation System

30. Hardware?
● GNSS receiver/tracker (ex Garmin eTrex)
● iPhone (after 4S)
● Android smartphones (see wikipedia)
● Proffesional devices
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_smartphone
s_supporting_GLONASS_navigation

31. Accuracy test
● Test device
– (1) DYI receiver
● GPS + Beidou + QZSS
– (2) GNS2000 BT-GNSS
● GPS+GLONASS+QZSS
● Reference
– Nokia LD-3W(GPS, SiRF III)

32. GNSS Chips
Manifactur
er
Product
chan
nel
track systems note
MediaTek
MT3339
66 22 GPS, GLONASS
SBAS, QZSS
MediaTek
MT3333
99 33 GPS, GLONASS,
SBAS, QZSS,
BEIDOU,Galileo(*)
GNS2000
DYI
CSR
SiRF Star V
52 ? GPS, GLONASS,
SBAS,QZSS
Broadcom
BCM47511
? ? GPS, GLONASS,
SBAS, QZSS
iPhone, nexus

33. Home made receiver
● GNSS module in
$50-$100 range.
(*)experimental Beidou support

34. connect smartphone
● Bluetooth-Serial
module
● GNSS receiver send
NMEA-0183 sequence
text in 9600, 1, N
● Simply send it to BT-
serial

35. NMEA-0183 sequence
$GPGSV,1,1,00*79$BDGSV,1,1,00*68
$GNRMC,000130.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5D
$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C
$GNGGA,000131.289,,,,,0,0,,,M,,M,,*56
$GNGLL,,,,,000131.289,V,N*64
$GPGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*1E
$BDGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*0F
$GPGSV,1,1,00*79
$BDGSV,1,1,00*68
$GNRMC,000131.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5C
$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C
$GNGGA,000132.289,,,,,0,0,,,M,,M,,*55
$GNGLL,,,,,000132.289,V,N*67
$GPGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*1E
$BDGSA,A,1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,*0F
$GPGSV,1,1,00*79$BDGSV,1,1,00*68
$GNRMC,000132.289,V,,,,,0.00,0.00,060180,,,N*5F
$GNVTG,0.00,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K,N*2C

36. BT-GNSS handy receiver
● 4 parts
1. GNSS module
2. BT module
3. Power supply
module(3.3V)
4. Battery: Li-ION(3V)
● Cost: 14,000JPY ( 130USD)

37. ● ex. GNS2000 by GNS GmbH, Germany
● GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Galileo(*), SBAS
● iOS, Android, PC
BT-GNSS receiver

38. Bluetooth GNSS for OSM
● Simple Android App
● GPLv3 licensed
● https://github.com/miurahr/bluegnss4osm
● Not (yet) on Google Play and/or F-droid

39. Application images

40. ● TODO
– Design improvement
– Test on android versions
– Test with many receiver
● How to join development
– as usual in github
– fork, modify and push

41. Simple accuracy test
Beidou/GPS
used 24 sat
Drifted to south
but good accuracy
GLONASS/GPS
used 19sat
errors with building
13, Sept. 2014
At Jujo, Tokyo
Building < 5
floors
width of road 〜
7m

42. Simple Compare : GPS only
Low accuracy
HDOP 1.3-5.0
4-8 sat used
GPS
receiver
SiRF III

43. Difference?
● There is no big difference?
– GPS only
– GPS+GLONASS
– GPS+BEIDOU+QZSS
● Accuracy improvement to „Meter“ order

44. TODO: Further study
● How to precise positioning to mapping?
– Accuracy: cm order
(ordinal receiver: meter order)
● It should be handy for casual mappers
– Low price, easy to use.
– Other than professional device?

45. TODO: GNSS library
● Free Software for Precision Positioning
● GNSS-SDRLIB(Software Defind Radio
library)
– Process GNSS radio wave directly
– https://github.com/taroz/GNSS-SDRLIB

46. TODO: RTK software
● RTKLIB(Open Source Program Package for GNSS Positioning)
– http://www.rtklib.com/
– sub - meter positioning support
– Google play: RTKGPS+ (Android frontend of RTKLIB)
● goGPS project
– http://www.gogps-project.org/
– improve the positioning accuracy of low-cost (single-frequency)
GPS devices by RTK technique
● Hardware: Android tab + DYI receiver?

47. wrap up
● Changes mapping way
● Precise mapping on survey
● Growing satellites numbers
● Products already support GLONASS
● Simple test with DYI receiver and App

48. SotM Japan 2014
13, December 2014 @ Tokyo University

49. Thanks/contact/reference
● OSMFJ
http://osmf.jp/
● SotM JP 2014
https://stateofthemap.jp/
● OSM Japan
https://openstreetmap.jp/
● Facebook
https://www.facebook.com/g
roups/158469420871592/
● Email
talk-ja ML
general contact
info@osmf.jp
miurahr@osmf.jp
● RTKLIB/GNSS-
SDRLIB
http://www.rtklib.com/
–