Housing & Urbanization PPT.pptx
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This document outlines the course objectives and content for a housing course. It aims to create awareness about the importance of housing in the Indian context and impart knowledge for designing housing projects. The course covers topics such as the transition from traditional to contemporary housing patterns in India, housing for the urban poor, national housing policies, and design concepts for affordable housing. It emphasizes that housing is essential for ensuring safety, security, and dignity, and that access to adequate housing is critical for access to employment, education, health services, and social stability. The document notes that billions globally need access to adequate housing and millions live in inadequate conditions or are homeless.
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1) Housing is a fundamental human right, but over 1 billion people live in inadequate housing such as slums or as homeless. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this global housing crisis by making adequate housing essential for public health.
2) People living in inadequate housing like slums have been hit hardest by the pandemic due to crowded conditions and lack of basic services, facing increased health and safety risks. While governments have provided some temporary protections, long-term policy changes are needed.
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2. The framework shows that housing development involves balancing socio-cultural needs, economic aspects, available technology, and environmental concerns.
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Approaching Inclusive Housing in India
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The document discusses promoting housing that meets the needs of all income levels and age groups through a wider range of housing unit types. It also promotes energy efficiency in housing and protecting new developments from flooding.
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Ongoing crisis of pandemic,Covid19, has clearly demonstrated the vulnerability of cities and migrants in the face of lockdown, when majority of urban migrant workforce, left cities to go back to their native places, despite all odds and hardships; clearly establishing the context, role/ importance of shelter in not only rationalizing growth/development of cities but also creating ownership among its citizens. It has also clearly demonstrated the necessity of providing adequate housing to all the urban residents, if the cities are to be made safe, resilient, sustainable and livable.
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Housing remains one of the most critical and dynamic entities related to human living, always evolving and devolving, never static, never definitive, ever dynamic, always changing and never decreasing .Housing strategies for the urban poor need a holistic and multi-pronged approach involving; ensuring adequate supply of serviced land at most affordable price in equitable and sustainable manner; making land market operationally efficient and socially just; rationalizing the urban planning and development process; making informal sector integral part of urban planning and development; rationalizing the existing legal framework governing land and its management; changing role of parastatal agencies from providers to enablers; actively involving private and co-operative sectors in sourcing land and creating shelter; creating an effective and efficient urban land information and management system; rationalizing the process and cost of land transactions; minimizing the charges and fees levied in the land transactions; minimizing time scale for sourcing land; making optimum use of available land; identifying right beneficiaries etc Looking at the quality of life and adversities human beings faced, without an assured and permanent shelter, during the ongoing crisis of pandemic,Covid19, has clearly demonstrated the vulnerability of cities and migrants in the face of lockdown, when majority of urban migrant workforce, without having any shelter, had no option but to leave cities to go back to their native places, despite all odds and hardships. This clearly established the context, role and importance of shelter in not only rationalizing growth and development of cities but also creating ownership among its citizens. It has also clearly demonstrated the necessity of providing adequate housing to all the urban residents, if the cities are to be made safe, resilient, sustainable and livable.
HOUSING & HOUSING POLICY ,HABITAT III PAPER
HOUSING & HOUSING POLICY ,HABITAT III PAPERArchitecture Depatment,Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University,Dinajpur, Bangladesh
This document discusses housing and housing policy in Bangladesh. It provides definitions of shelter, house, and housing. It outlines rural and urban housing patterns. It discusses key elements of housing policy including land, infrastructure, building materials, finance, and legal frameworks. It describes Bangladesh's national housing policy objectives and proposed strategies. These include increasing affordable land and housing for all, rehabilitation, use of local materials, and expanding financing options. The roles of government, private sector, and other stakeholders in developing and implementing housing policy are also summarized.Ijetr011844
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It is apparent that many governments are under−prepared and under−resourced in anticipating, planning and preparing for an urbanizing world. However, 1996 marked a turning point in international efforts to promote socially and environmentally sustainable cities. The Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II), held in Istanbul, Turkey, in June 1996, recognized that more holistic, inclusive and participatory policies, strategies and actions are required to make the world’s cities and communities safe, healthy and equitable. Habitat II, popularly known as the City Summit, was conceived as a conference of partnerships. It established a historic precedent by including in its deliberations representatives from local authorities, non−governmental organizations, the private sector, academia and other partner groups.
Role and importance of Housing
The World Urban Forum III states that; ‘The world is facing a global housing crisis with more than billion people living in substandard housing without clean water or adequate sanitation; more than 14 million refugees and internally displaced people living in tents or other temporary shelters. Millions of homeless men, women, and children live in the streets of Washington, DC; Sao Paolo, Brazil; Johannesburg, South Africa; Mumbai, India; and other cities. And the problem is getting worse: Every week more than a million people are born in or move to cities in the developing world, driving up the need for new and better housing. The international response to the housing crisis has been muted. While many international donors have helped develop effective models for housing policies and programs, the scale of their application has not been large enough to significantly affect housing outcome. The result is a growing crisis. Housing remains key input in economic, social, and civic development. Many housing-related activities are known to contribute directly to achieving broader political, environmental and socio-economic development goals. Housing investment remains valuable and a major economic driver, both in developed countries and developing countries. In the United States, it has been estimated that housing directly contributes 14% of gross domestic product (GDP) and triggers another 6% in downstream expenditures. Lending for housing helps develop primary and secondary financial markets. Worldwide and especially in low-income countries, housing construction creates job opportunities for migrants to cities. Legalization of informal settlements and registration of housing and other real property helps “unlock” fixed capital for productive investment and builds local property tax bases. Accordingly, context of housing in social, economic, physical, environmental and quality of life needs to be understood and appreciated. Creating housing will not be enough. Its location in terms of accessibility, services, employment, culture, infrastructure also needs to be understood and valued to make housing relevant and contextual.
Role and importance of Housing
The World Urban Forum III states that; ‘The world is facing a global housing crisis with more than billion people living in substandard housing without clean water or adequate sanitation; more than 14 million refugees and internally displaced people living in tents or other temporary shelters. Millions of homeless men, women, and children live in the streets of Washington, DC; Sao Paolo, Brazil; Johannesburg, South Africa; Mumbai, India; and other cities. And the problem is getting worse: Every week more than a million people are born in or move to cities in the developing world, driving up the need for new and better housing. The international response to the housing crisis has been muted. While many international donors have helped develop effective models for housing policies and programs, the scale of their application has not been large enough to significantly affect housing outcome. The result is a growing crisis. Housing remains key input in economic, social, and civic development. Many housing-related activities are known to contribute directly to achieving broader political, environmental and socio-economic development goals. Housing investment remains valuable and a major economic driver, both in developed countries and developing countries. In the United States, it has been estimated that housing directly contributes 14% of gross domestic product (GDP) and triggers another 6% in downstream expenditures. Lending for housing helps develop primary and secondary financial markets. Worldwide and especially in low-income countries, housing construction creates job opportunities for migrants to cities. Legalization of informal settlements and registration of housing and other real property helps “unlock” fixed capital for productive investment and builds local property tax bases. Accordingly, context of housing in social, economic, physical, environmental and quality of life needs to be understood and appreciated. Creating housing will not be enough. Its location in terms of accessibility, services, employment, culture, infrastructure also needs to be understood and valued to make housing relevant and contextual.
CHAP 5 HOUSING THEORY.pptx
The document discusses various theories related to housing and human behavior. It addresses factors like scarcity of affordable housing, insecure land tenure, government policies, and discrimination that influence housing outcomes. Case studies from countries like the Philippines, Honduras, and Pakistan are presented. Theories covered include housing adjustment theory, person-environment congruence theory, transactional theory, and theories related to motivation, preferences, diffusion of innovations, and social exchange. Housing is recognized as having socio-cultural dimensions and influencing quality of life.
Arcilla 2019 Affordability Of Socialized Housing In The Philippines (Policy B...
This policy brief discusses the persistent lack of affordable socialized housing for the poorest 30% of families in the Philippines. While the government has produced many socialized housing units through private developers, these are often located far from jobs and services in urban resettlement sites, making them unaffordable and inaccessible for the poor. The brief argues for an income-based housing subsidy combined with urban land reform and public transport to ensure truly affordable, in-city socialized housing for the poorest families.
HOUSING in the new Urban Agenda
Презентація "HOUSING in the new Urban Agenda" комітету житлового господарства ООН-ХАБІТАТ.
Доповідь з круглого столу «Кращі практики житлової політики та можливості їх застосування в Україні», проведеного Держмолодьжитлом за підтримки Секції по житловому господарству та землекористуванню ЕЄК ООН і Програми розвитку ООН в Україні 26 квітня 2018 року.
Approaching Inclusive Housing in India
This document discusses the rapid urbanization and housing shortage in India. Some key points:
- India's urban population grew significantly in the last century due to migration, and is projected to house over half of India's total population by 2050.
- Urban areas face issues of uncontrolled growth, inadequate infrastructure, poverty, and a severe shortage of affordable housing, especially for low-income groups. Over 60 million people live in slums currently.
- The housing shortage in India is estimated to be over 24 million units currently, with over 99% shortage for the lowest-income groups. Affordable housing remains a major challenge due to high land and construction costs.
- The Indian government has implemented various
Approaching Inclusive Housing in India
Housing remains one of the most valuable right and asset of the mankind besides the major issue for all developing nations. It is both a challenge and opportunity. Paper tries to define strategies which can help achieve the objective of shelter for all
Approaching Inclusive Housing in India
Paper looks at the options for making affordable housing a distinct reality for majority of Indians to have a shelter
Part one literature review
This document discusses affordable housing issues in developing countries and the potential roles of zakat (alms-giving) and waqf (endowment) funds in addressing the issue. It notes that urbanization is causing major housing shortages, with slum dwellers making up a large portion of the urban population in many areas. While zakat funds currently provide some housing assistance, the focus seems to be on repairs and subsidies rather than larger-scale development of affordable units. Waqf initiatives to develop housing using endowed land are still in early stages and focus more on commercial than affordable residential projects. The roles of zakat and waqf could be expanded to better address the major shortfall in affordable housing for the poor and
Policy Debates and Indigenous Education: The Trialectic of Language, Culture,...
In this chapter, we explore several policy debate topics associated with indigenous education with a focus on the issues of indigenous languages, cultures, and identity. Highly political by nature, the terms indigeneity and indigenous rights are central to most policy debates with direct implications on social justice issues, human rights, and education in general. Besides examining global indigenous declarations that directly influence indigenous education, we also examine policy debate issues within five country contexts—in China, Mexico, Taiwan, Uganda, and the United States. We use the term indigenous genocide to account for any former, current, or future government policy that intentionally causes the assimilation of indigenous peoples into the dominant national culture. Examples are given in the five case countries of how indigenous genocide can lead to the genocide of indigenous peoples’ languages, cultures, and/or identities. The chapter concludes by highlighting the central role indigenous education can play in being able to curb or reverse indigenous genocidal policies. Crucial to reversing anti-indigenous policies is the involvement and empowerment of indigenous peoples in every facet of the policy planning and implementation processes.
Issue paper - secure tenure in urban slums low-res FINAL
This document discusses secure tenure for urban slums in Asia-Pacific. It defines secure tenure and explains its importance for development. There is a continuum of land rights, from informal to formal, with eight types ranging from perceived tenure to registered freehold. Successful projects prioritize upgrading slums in situ through community-led development and partnerships between communities, municipalities, professionals, and the private sector. Forced relocation fails while incremental improvements to security of tenure through this continuum approach leads to sustainable communities and urban resiliency.
op sir.pdf
The document discusses promoting the planning, design, and construction of a wider range of housing unit types to adequately house all income levels and age groups. It also encourages energy efficiency in new and existing housing and ensuring new housing developments are protected from potential flood hazards. The summary is as follows:
The document discusses promoting housing that meets the needs of all income levels and age groups through a wider range of housing unit types. It also promotes energy efficiency in housing and protecting new developments from flooding.
Sourcing Land for Housing the Urban Poor in India
Sourcing land for housing remains the most challenging task for all agencies involved in providing shelter for marginalized sections of society. Challenge remains most formidable in the case of India, housing more than 17.3% global population and occupying merely a physical space of only 2.4%. India ranks high among the land stressed country, globally among nations. Housing is known to be largest consumer of land in the domain of both urban and rural settlements. Considering the high prevailing cost of land and large speculation to which urban land is subjected to, creating cost-effective and affordable housing remains most challenging task. Housing remains one of the most critical and dynamic entities related to human living, always evolving and devolving, never static, never definitive, ever dynamic, always changing and never decreasing .Housing strategies for the urban poor need a holistic and multi-pronged approach involving; ensuring adequate supply of serviced land at most affordable price; making land market operationally efficient and socially just; rationalizing the urban planning and development process; making informal sector integral part of urban planning / development; rationalizing land related legal framework governing land ; actively involving private and co-operative sectors ; creating an effective/efficient urban land information and management system; rationalizing the process/ cost of land transactions; minimizing the charges/ fees levied in the land transactions; minimizing time scale for sourcing land; making optimum use of available land; identifying right beneficiaries etc
Ongoing crisis of pandemic,Covid19, has clearly demonstrated the vulnerability of cities and migrants in the face of lockdown, when majority of urban migrant workforce, left cities to go back to their native places, despite all odds and hardships; clearly establishing the context, role/ importance of shelter in not only rationalizing growth/development of cities but also creating ownership among its citizens. It has also clearly demonstrated the necessity of providing adequate housing to all the urban residents, if the cities are to be made safe, resilient, sustainable and livable.
Land management as tool for housing poor
Housing remains one of the most critical and dynamic entities related to human living, always evolving and devolving, never static, never definitive, ever dynamic, always changing and never decreasing .Housing strategies for the urban poor need a holistic and multi-pronged approach involving; ensuring adequate supply of serviced land at most affordable price in equitable and sustainable manner; making land market operationally efficient and socially just; rationalizing the urban planning and development process; making informal sector integral part of urban planning and development; rationalizing the existing legal framework governing land and its management; changing role of parastatal agencies from providers to enablers; actively involving private and co-operative sectors in sourcing land and creating shelter; creating an effective and efficient urban land information and management system; rationalizing the process and cost of land transactions; minimizing the charges and fees levied in the land transactions; minimizing time scale for sourcing land; making optimum use of available land; identifying right beneficiaries etc Looking at the quality of life and adversities human beings faced, without an assured and permanent shelter, during the ongoing crisis of pandemic,Covid19, has clearly demonstrated the vulnerability of cities and migrants in the face of lockdown, when majority of urban migrant workforce, without having any shelter, had no option but to leave cities to go back to their native places, despite all odds and hardships. This clearly established the context, role and importance of shelter in not only rationalizing growth and development of cities but also creating ownership among its citizens. It has also clearly demonstrated the necessity of providing adequate housing to all the urban residents, if the cities are to be made safe, resilient, sustainable and livable.
HOUSING & HOUSING POLICY ,HABITAT III PAPER
HOUSING & HOUSING POLICY ,HABITAT III PAPERArchitecture Depatment,Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University,Dinajpur, Bangladesh
This document discusses housing and housing policy in Bangladesh. It provides definitions of shelter, house, and housing. It outlines rural and urban housing patterns. It discusses key elements of housing policy including land, infrastructure, building materials, finance, and legal frameworks. It describes Bangladesh's national housing policy objectives and proposed strategies. These include increasing affordable land and housing for all, rehabilitation, use of local materials, and expanding financing options. The roles of government, private sector, and other stakeholders in developing and implementing housing policy are also summarized.Ijetr011844
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
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Research Article,
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Housing & Urbanization PPT.pptx
- 1. Jaykrishnan Pillai Adjunct Assistant Professor Department of Architecture & Planning, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology Housing
- 2. Course Objective: To create awareness about importance of housing in Indian context and to impart knowledge for designing housing projects To sensitise students about various issues of housing pertaining to affordability, neighbourhood planning and design, etc.
- 3. Course Outline ● Housing and human needs, influences on housing. Housing as an integral part of urban & rural development ● Study of transition from traditional to contemporary pattern of Housing in India ● Housing for Urban Poor, Problems and issues of rural housing. National Housing Policy 2007, various programmes run by States, role of various agencies in housing (eg HUDCO, CIDCO, State Housing Boards, etc.) ● Study of housing concepts: Mass housing, Low cost housing, Self-help housing, Co- operative housing, Housing based on- income groups, density patterns and arrangement of units, temporary housing for post disaster mitigation, rehabilitation housing, Slum upgradation, etc.
- 4. ● Space standards for housing schemes, Design concepts with reference to socio-economic factors and community planning considerations for residential layouts. Sense of- community, safety & security, belongingness, concept of neighbourhood and community living. Case study of various contemporary housing projects ● Concept of density standards and relationship of built and unbuilt in housing layouts, concept of FSI ● Design concepts for cost reduction, use of prefabrication, modular co- ordination and pre- stressed components etc. Alternate technologies for housing ● Understanding of site planning of housing schemes and basic infrastructure and amenities at layout level.
- 5. Need for housing ?
- 6. Ensures access to a safe, secure, habitat. Housing is the basis of stability and security for an individual or family. The centre of our social, emotional and economic lives; a place to live in peace, security and dignity Housing is also key to realising sustainable urbanisation as a driver of development, peace, and improved living conditions for all.
- 7. Housing is more than just a roof; it’s the opportunity for better lives and a better future.
- 8. By 2030, UN-Habitat estimates that 3 billion people, about 40 percent of the world’s population, will need access to adequate housing. This translates into a demand for 96,000 new affordable and accessible housing units every day Additionally, an estimated 100 million people worldwide are homeless and one in four people live in harmful conditions that to their health, safety and prosperity.
- 9. Access to housing is a precondition for access to employment, education, health, and social services.
- 10. One of the most significant impacts of urbanisation is seen on the housing sector as residential land use is predominant over other land uses Worldwide 2.4 billion people live without improved sanitation and 2 billion are affected by water stress. At the same time, not all people who have housing live in adequate conditions
- 12. As per the 2011 Census, there are approximately 108,000 such slums in the country, home to 13 million households of which 3.6 million are renters. Slum households constitute 17 percent of the total urban population. At the same time, there are 11 million vacant homes across urban India. Definition of slums A compact area of at least 300 population or about 60-70 households of poorly built congested tenements, in unhygienic environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities.
- 13. Reason for slum in cities ?