Emergency preparedness

2. Emergency setup.

4. AMC Emergency drug list

5. What is Emergency
Introduction
 Definition: Emergency – Latin
word- UGRGENs-pressing.
 Emergency –Dictionary - is
frequently used to an unlooked
for contingency or happening
or a sudden demand for action
or Situation requiring prompt
action.
 Medical Emergency: a situation
where the patient requires
urgent and high quality
Medical cares to prevent loss
of life or organ and initiate
action for the restoration of
normal health life.

6. Impact of Emergency condition
 24 Million people die every year b/c of RTA
10-15Mil are injured every year due to
vehicular and other accidents
 every 50 second there is one death of
Emergency related condition.
 a person get injured every 2 sec.
60% of deaths resulting from myocardial
infarction occur within 1 hour of
onset.(WHO,2015 WHA)

7. Emergency department purpose…
Why standard Emergency set up is need?
Increasing Load in the hospitals due to disasters
People affected in terms of health dislocation are very large
Trauma, burn cases, Heart attack, Kidney failure, SoB, and Pain
increases due to inactive life style of recent community
 This demands for proper ER Set up with planned and
Organized Emergency Services . For instance
With proper emergency care, percentage of coronary
deaths which occur outside hospital can be prevented
by 40%.

8. Objective and Scope of ES
Foreign bodies
 Burn of all types
 Dog bites and snake bites
 Mass causalities from food poisoning, drinks, riots, etc.
Medico-legal cases
Cases of acute severe pain or distress
 Septic conditions
 Obstetric emergencies real or pseudo in nature
Pseudo emergency cases - Pseudo emergency cases
mostly includes fear of unknown, lack of competence
of G.P., Easy accessibility, Stress and strain

9. Emergency setup and type of
Emergency
WHO),defines the key elements and processes
of each component of emergency care
including care at the scene, care during
transport, and facility-based emergency care
Based on functionality Medical EMS classified
as below figure

10. Safely from the world  care

11. Emergency Department ….
Emergency department is necessary to have :
 An effective communication system.
Speedy transportation of the accident victims for
immediate first aid and resuscitation, starting from
the place of accident.
 Coordination and harmonious working with the
other hospitals, especially identified for this purpose.
 A multi-disciplinary approach for the treatment of
poly trauma cases involving all the surgical and
medical disciplines

13. Emergency set up…
It should be an independent department working
round the clock.
It has be located in the complex of the ODP for
the reason of easy accessibility and sharing
Medical facilities with the OPD.
It shall be on the ground floor of the hospital
Guidance to the route from main entrance to the
doorways of reception hall shall be provided.
ED should have a distinct Entry independent of
OPD main entry.

15. Emergency type Services by scope of
institution
Emergency Services
Major
Emergency
services
:
at
Teaching
&
training
Hospitals
Stand
by
Ems:
in
primary
health
care

16. Type Emergency medical Services by
sites
EMS
Hospital
Services
Out of Hospital
services
Alarm
communication
system
Ambulance
services

19. What to be considered during Planning
Emergency Services and Design Follows The
Function
Planning
Essential
requirement
Location
Administration
structure
Work load
Physical
Facilities
Designing

20. ER-Planning work load and location
 Work load:
 20-25% added to expected patient load per year for disaster
 25% additional space for future expansion
 1 out of 8 patients admitted by a injure
 Attention to be given to Basic emergency with separated
trauma care
 Location:
 Should be located on the ground floor
 Directly access from main road
 Separated approach, other than OPD with enough parking space
 Well lightened and Boldly sig posted both for day and Night
 Required separated trauma center

33. Average time for ED stay
Average Time for ED stay:
On an average a patient is kept for 2 hrs. in ED
then either he is discharged or admitted and
shifted to respective ward.

36. The Most common Emergency
Department Equipment's (compulsory)
 Ventilators
 Defibrillators Pulse Ox meter Drop Infusion Pump (Dosimeter)
 Suction Machine
 Laryngoscope
 Airway
 Cardiac Monitors
 Ambu Bag
 ECG Machine
 Portable X-Ray Machine
 Emergency Trolleys
 Splinting Equipment
 Stethoscope
 Clinical Thermometer, Torch

37. ED staffing Pattern
 Emergency In charge (Senior Doctor)
 CMO in each shift
 Nurses (Diploma in Nursing and midwifery)
 Ward boys
 Sanitary Attendant
 Technician: Radiographer, Lab Tech,
 Administrative Staff: record clerk, Registration clerk and Admission
clerk.
Schedule-duty roasters of all shifts. For instance;
 Morning Duty 8am – 2 pm
 Evening Duty 2pm – 9 pm
 Night Duty 9 pm – 8 am

38. STAFF …
A new concept in emergency care has been
introduced with the employment of “Scribes”
 Ascribes is member of nursing staff and whose
function is; Taught to record physician’s findings
as well as pertinent segments of the history while
the patient is being interviewed and examined
•Scribe conveys the physician orders to other
members of the team while the physician
continues with other patients
Scribes also prepares the prescription ordered by
the physician to be ready for his signature.

39. Records Maintained in Emergency
Doctor’s duty report with total history and
treatment done on the patient and it is reported
by the doctor on duty.
Nurse’s Record Register –
Stock register maintained by nurse
 Injection register maintained by nurse
Vaccination Register
Emergency OPD cases should be registered separately
Trend of cases according to seasons should be monitored
Dying declaration by Doctors.

41. Summary of Objective and scope
of Emergency services
 Managing accidents victims
 Providing first aid
 Treatment of minor injuries
 Referred to appropriate specialty or hospital, in case specialized
care is necessary and cannot be provided in the hospital.
 Attending all medico-legal formalities, including documentation of
clinical conditions and other particulars and liaison with the police.
 Attending the patients coming outside the routine outpatient
working hours, and screening them for admission.
 Observing them for short period to determine whether they need
admission, or Providing outpatient care.
 Briefing the relatives
 Maintaining records
 Training

42. Emergency Department…
ED need to provides the following services;
Medical Cases management
 Surgical Cases management
 Diagnostic Services
Vaccination
Blood Transfusion
 Injections

43. THANK YOU