Houraiji templo
Houraiji es un templo budista del budismo Shingon, una importante escuela de budismo japonés, y se encuentra a unos 30 km al noreste de la ciudad de Toyohashi.
El templo está cerca de la cima del monte Houraiji (684 metros de altura). Así las tierras son empinadas y cubiertas de bosques.
Fue fundada en 702.
Y desde el 13 hasta siglo 19, este templo se había desarrollado bajo la égida de los gobiernos.
En 1651, Toshoguu Santuario consagrar Ieyasu Tokugawa, el fundador del gobierno de Edo, como un dios, fue construido.
Así que la ruta rama para hacer una peregrinación desde la ruta Tokaido fue creado, y muchos adoradores visitó aquí.
A finales del siglo 19, esta zona se convirtió en el principal de la ermita por la política gubernamental.
Sólo se permitió una pequeña zona para el templo, pero el templo había disminuido.
En 1915, el principal templo fue destruido por el fuego, pero fue reconstruido en 1974.
En esta montaña, sólo hay Toshoguu Santuario, templo principal reconstruida y algunos edificios antiguos.
La ruta principal al templo es desde el pie al suroeste de la montaña.
A lo largo del enfoque a través de la pequeña ciudad del templo, hay algunos huéspedes japonesas y tiendas.
Pero tienes que subir 1425 escalones de piedra de allí al templo.
Si viaja en coche de alquiler, la calle se llama Houraiji Park Way lleva a los alrededores del templo, de Yuya complejo de aguas termales al pie oriental de la montaña.
Una ruta de senderismo que pasa a través de los templos, Toshogu, la cima del monte Houraiji y algunos observatorios se establezca. La longitud es de unos 3 km, pero es el senderismo recorrido ondulado.
En el templo de la ciudad, hay Horaijisan Museo de Ciencias Naturales.
Introduce los animales y plantas que habitan en el monte Houraiji.
Desde tiempos antiguos, la gente había escuchado algún canto de un pájaro "peros-pou-sou" alrededor del Monte Houraiji.
En japonés, "peros" significa menas "Buda", "hou" (pou) "La enseñanza de Buda", y "sou" significa "sacerdote". Se les llama los tres tesoros del budismo.
Ancient China experienced several important dynasties between 5,000-200 BC. The Xia Dynasty is believed to have been the first, founded by Yu the Great to control flooding of the Yellow River. The next major dynasty was the Shang Dynasty, the first for which there is both archaeological and documentary evidence. Two important developments during the Shang were the earliest forms of Chinese writing and the beginning of bronze metalworking. The Zhou Dynasty overthrew the Shang in 1046 BC and saw further developments including the spread of ironworking, new agricultural technologies, and the philosophy of Confucianism. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, China fragmented into many warring states and new philosophies like
This document discusses early travel writings from China, Persia, and Egypt between 300-1200 AD along the Silk Road. It then focuses on accounts from two Chinese travelers: Fa-Hien in the 5th century who traveled through India and provided valuable descriptions; and Hieun Tsiang in the 7th century who studied extensively at Nalanda University in India before returning to China with religious texts. The document also summarizes the writings of the Persian scholar Alberuni from the 11th century who learned about Hindu religion, science, and culture during 13 years in India. Finally, it briefly mentions Marco Polo's famous late 13th century travels through Asia and China.
Jodo Mission of Hawaii Bulletin - November 2012Ryan Ozawa
The document is a bulletin from the Jodo Mission of Hawaii providing information about upcoming events and announcements in November 2012. It notifies readers that the temple has an elevator available for those who have difficulty with stairs. It also announces an upcoming O-Juya service on November 11th at 10am where attendees are encouraged to bring sweet treats to share. Additionally, it provides information about ordering a free 2013 Jodo Shu calendar before they run out.
The document provides guidance from the Torah on various religious concepts. It discusses passages from the Torah about having love and fear of Allah, the importance of faith and reflection. It also examines the Torah's descriptions of Allah's titles like the Creator and Just. Finally, it outlines beliefs discussed in the Torah regarding the hereafter such as resurrection, judgement day, hell and paradise. The document aims to highlight compatible teachings between the Quran and Torah on fundamental religious concepts.
This document provides a brief history of Japan and an overview of Shinto. It discusses how Shinto played a role in early Japanese culture and the formation of national identity. Key events included the Taika Reform which established a central government, and the rise of military governments called shogunates which lasted until 1867. The document also summarizes some core beliefs of Shinto such as the Kami spirits, origins from Shinto myths, and emphasis on ritual over doctrine. It provides examples of influential Shinto shrines and sects such as Soka Gakkai that developed from Nichiren Buddhism.
Aurangzeb imposed strict religious views on society and persecuted Hindus and Sikhs by taxing them and forbidding them high positions. This led to rebellions against his regime. His actions marked the beginning of the decline of the Mughal Empire, as the frequent rebellions in the late 1600s and a civil war after his death weakened Mughal power and territory.
The document provides details about Muslim rule in India from 712-1857 CE. It begins with the conquest of Sindh in 711 CE led by Muhammad bin Qasim which established the first Islamic rule on the subcontinent. It then discusses the Delhi Sultanate period and invasions by Mahmud of Ghazni and Muhammad of Ghor. The rise and expansion of the Mughal Empire from 1526-1707 under emperors like Akbar, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb is outlined. British expansion in India starting in the 17th century through the East India Company leading to the fall of the Mughal Empire in 1857 is also summarized.
The document summarizes the Mauryan and Gupta dynasties that united India from around 400-300 BCE to 300 CE. It discusses how the Mauryan Empire, founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 321 BCE, expanded centralized government control and was further strengthened by the rule of Ashoka in 268-232 BCE. Ashoka converted to Buddhism after a brutal battle and promoted Buddhist principles of non-violence. The empire declined after Ashoka's death but brought unity and order to India through infrastructure projects, standardization, and spreading of Buddhism. Regional kingdoms then emerged until the Gupta dynasty again united northern India from 320-550 CE.
Ancient China experienced several important dynasties between 5,000-200 BC. The Xia Dynasty is believed to have been the first, founded by Yu the Great to control flooding of the Yellow River. The next major dynasty was the Shang Dynasty, the first for which there is both archaeological and documentary evidence. Two important developments during the Shang were the earliest forms of Chinese writing and the beginning of bronze metalworking. The Zhou Dynasty overthrew the Shang in 1046 BC and saw further developments including the spread of ironworking, new agricultural technologies, and the philosophy of Confucianism. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, China fragmented into many warring states and new philosophies like
This document discusses early travel writings from China, Persia, and Egypt between 300-1200 AD along the Silk Road. It then focuses on accounts from two Chinese travelers: Fa-Hien in the 5th century who traveled through India and provided valuable descriptions; and Hieun Tsiang in the 7th century who studied extensively at Nalanda University in India before returning to China with religious texts. The document also summarizes the writings of the Persian scholar Alberuni from the 11th century who learned about Hindu religion, science, and culture during 13 years in India. Finally, it briefly mentions Marco Polo's famous late 13th century travels through Asia and China.
Jodo Mission of Hawaii Bulletin - November 2012Ryan Ozawa
The document is a bulletin from the Jodo Mission of Hawaii providing information about upcoming events and announcements in November 2012. It notifies readers that the temple has an elevator available for those who have difficulty with stairs. It also announces an upcoming O-Juya service on November 11th at 10am where attendees are encouraged to bring sweet treats to share. Additionally, it provides information about ordering a free 2013 Jodo Shu calendar before they run out.
The document provides guidance from the Torah on various religious concepts. It discusses passages from the Torah about having love and fear of Allah, the importance of faith and reflection. It also examines the Torah's descriptions of Allah's titles like the Creator and Just. Finally, it outlines beliefs discussed in the Torah regarding the hereafter such as resurrection, judgement day, hell and paradise. The document aims to highlight compatible teachings between the Quran and Torah on fundamental religious concepts.
This document provides a brief history of Japan and an overview of Shinto. It discusses how Shinto played a role in early Japanese culture and the formation of national identity. Key events included the Taika Reform which established a central government, and the rise of military governments called shogunates which lasted until 1867. The document also summarizes some core beliefs of Shinto such as the Kami spirits, origins from Shinto myths, and emphasis on ritual over doctrine. It provides examples of influential Shinto shrines and sects such as Soka Gakkai that developed from Nichiren Buddhism.
Aurangzeb imposed strict religious views on society and persecuted Hindus and Sikhs by taxing them and forbidding them high positions. This led to rebellions against his regime. His actions marked the beginning of the decline of the Mughal Empire, as the frequent rebellions in the late 1600s and a civil war after his death weakened Mughal power and territory.
The document provides details about Muslim rule in India from 712-1857 CE. It begins with the conquest of Sindh in 711 CE led by Muhammad bin Qasim which established the first Islamic rule on the subcontinent. It then discusses the Delhi Sultanate period and invasions by Mahmud of Ghazni and Muhammad of Ghor. The rise and expansion of the Mughal Empire from 1526-1707 under emperors like Akbar, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb is outlined. British expansion in India starting in the 17th century through the East India Company leading to the fall of the Mughal Empire in 1857 is also summarized.
The document summarizes the Mauryan and Gupta dynasties that united India from around 400-300 BCE to 300 CE. It discusses how the Mauryan Empire, founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 321 BCE, expanded centralized government control and was further strengthened by the rule of Ashoka in 268-232 BCE. Ashoka converted to Buddhism after a brutal battle and promoted Buddhist principles of non-violence. The empire declined after Ashoka's death but brought unity and order to India through infrastructure projects, standardization, and spreading of Buddhism. Regional kingdoms then emerged until the Gupta dynasty again united northern India from 320-550 CE.
The document discusses ancient India during the Mauryan Empire from 321-185 BCE. It summarizes that Chandragupta founded the Mauryan Empire based in Pataliputra. Emperor Ashoka expanded the empire through conquest but converted to Buddhism after feeling remorse for the suffering he caused. He promoted Buddhism throughout the empire and used edicts to encourage tolerance and nonviolence. After Ashoka's death, the empire declined as it faced invasions and internal conflicts.
Ziauddin Barani and Abul Fazal ( A comparative study)SaqibFikree1
Ziauddin Barani and Abul Fazal were two Muslim thinkers from different eras who had differing views on religion and the role of the king. Barani lived in a time when Islam was establishing roots in India and advocated for the superiority of Islam. Abul Fazal lived during the religiously diverse Mughal Empire and promoted religious equality and secularism. Both believed justice was important for a king, but Barani tied it more closely to Islamic law while Abul Fazal focused on welfare. They similarly saw value in strong armies but Barani emphasized expansion more.
Law 499 topic 2 historical devt of islamic lawWafi Abdullah
The document summarizes the historical development of Islamic law over six periods:
1) During the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad, Islamic law was based on revelations in the Quran and traditions of the Prophet.
2) In the period of the Prophet's companions, the Quran was compiled and Islamic jurisprudence developed further based on consensus and analogy.
3) Under the Umayyad Caliphate, schools of law began to emerge in different cities and sects like the Sunnis and Shias developed.
4) The four major schools of Sunni law were established during the Abbasid Caliphate and compilation of hadiths increased.
5) As the Abbasid Empire declined,
The Mauryan Empire And The Spread Of Buddhismstmarksgreen
1) The Mauryan Empire was founded in 321 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya and encompassed most of northern India, with its capital at Pataliputra.
2) Emperor Ashoka, the grandson of Chandragupta, began his reign as a ruthless conqueror but converted to Buddhism after a bloody battle in Kalinga in 262 BCE, profoundly shaping the empire.
3) Ashoka promoted Buddhism throughout India and sent emissaries abroad spreading Buddhist teachings, as documented on the Edicts of Ashoka carved on pillars and cave walls across the subcontinent.
The document provides an overview of the history of empires in India from 321 BCE to 1707 CE in three parts:
1. The first empires - The Maurya Empire established the first Indian state from 321-184 BCE under Chandragupta and Ashoka. The Kushan Empire followed from 100-300 CE and spread Buddhism.
2. The golden ages - The Gupta Empire in northern India from 320-550 CE was a period of cultural and economic growth. The Chola Empire in southern India from 871-1279 CE also flourished culturally and economically.
3. Islam in India - Muslim invaders began entering India in the 8th century. The Mughal
Some saints in world By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document provides brief biographies of 15 important saints in Islam since the beginning of Islam. It discusses their origins, places of birth, teachings and contributions to spreading Sufism across regions like Persia, Iraq, South Asia, and Central Asia between the 7th-13th centuries AD. The saints mentioned include Uwais al Qarani, Rabi'a al-Adawiyya, Pir Mangho, Abdullah Shah Ghazi, Ali Hujwiri, Abdul-Qadir Gilani, Moinuddin Chishti, Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, Baba Fakhruddin Suharwardy, Baha-ud-din Zakariya, Khawaja Far
This is about the history of the Maurya and Gupta Empire that is commonly not tackled in World History class.
TO DOWNLOAD, PLEASE CLICK THE LINK: https://dlsharefile.com/file/1054610895
THANK YOU!
Hindu temples are places of worship for Hindus that are meant to dissolve boundaries between humans and the divine. Temples focus on enlightenment and are dedicated to individual deities, featuring images of those deities. Temple architecture follows ancient texts and the floor plan represents the cosmos, with the inner sanctuary symbolizing the birthplace of the universe. Visitors typically remove shoes and bring offerings, praying within the inner sanctuary.
The xuanzang ((HUIEN TSANG) A Chinese Pilgrim of Ancient IndiaAman Kumar
Xuanzang was a 7th century Chinese Buddhist monk who traveled to India to learn more about Buddhism. He traveled along the Silk Road, passing through cities like Turfan, Samarkand, Balkh, and Bamyan. His main purpose was to study at the famous Nalanda University. While in India between 630-645 CE, he visited many important Buddhist sites and studied under scholars. He returned to China with numerous Buddhist texts and scriptures. Xuanzang's detailed accounts of places he visited helped later identify important archaeological sites in India like Nalanda University.
Hindu temples are places of worship dedicated to individual deities. They aim to dissolve boundaries between humans and the divine. Temple architecture follows ancient texts, with symbolic designs representing the cosmos. Worshippers remove shoes and offer prayers, food, and flowers with respect and rituals varying by region.
Ashrams are residential communities centered around a spiritual leader or guru, located in natural settings for meditation, yoga, and spiritual instruction. Famous gurus like Gandhi and Swami Sivananda established influential ashrams to spread teachings.
Shinto shrines house and honor kami spirits in nature. The most sacred is Ise Grand Shrine. Shrines feature distinctive objects like torii gates and serve as homes
The Famen Temple Cultural Scenic Area is located in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, China. It has a history of over 1,700 years and contains several notable landmarks including Foguang Avenue, Famen Temple, and Heshi Stupa. Famen Temple gained significance as it housed relics of the Buddha and was an important Buddhist site. It experienced periods of construction, destruction, and restoration over the centuries under various dynasties with the wooden tower being rebuilt in brick during the Ming Dynasty.
Central Asia in relation with India - Historical PerspectiveManisha Chitale
The document discusses the close cultural, geographic and political links between India and neighboring regions like Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia and Tibet. It outlines the basis for these links through evidence from literature, archeology, art and culture over the past few millennia. This included extensive trade, spread of religions like Buddhism, and cross-boundary empires that led to mixing of traditions and people. While some groups like the Shaks and Huns invaded India, most invaders eventually assimilated into local culture and traditions.
This document provides an introduction to the Islamic legal theory of fiqh. It defines fiqh as the regulations of Islamic law derived from the Quran, Hadith, consensus and analogy. It discusses the main topics and tools of fiqh and notes that learning fiqh is obligatory. It also outlines the four main schools of fiqh (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) and provides brief biographies of their founding imams, including Abu Hanifa, Malik ibn Anas, and Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i. It describes how each imam contributed to the development and spread of Islamic jurisprudence.
Asoka played a pivotal role in the early spread of Buddhism through his patronage and missionary efforts. He promoted Buddhism within his vast empire, establishing 84,000 stupas and sending his son and daughter to spread Buddhism to Sri Lanka and other regions. While criticisms argue his edicts don't explicitly reference Buddhist teachings and his missions' effectiveness is questioned, his support helped preserve and establish Buddhism, particularly in Sri Lanka, and provide early historical evidence through his edicts and stupas.
Sultan Bahu was a renowned 17th century Sufi mystic born in Punjab in 1628. He authored over 140 books on mystical truths in Persian and founded the Sarwari Qadri Sufi order. Some of his greatest achievements include reorganizing the Qadri order and providing complete knowledge about the mystic path through his writings. He is renowned for his teachings on acquiring the path of "Faqr" or spiritual poverty and gaining proximity to God. Sultan Bahu passed away in 1691 and his shrine continues to be an important pilgrimage site.
Ujjain is an ancient city in India considered one of the seven most sacred places for Hindus. It has a long history dating back thousands of years and was an important political and cultural center, hosting many famous scholars and poets. Ujjain is best known as the site of one of India's largest religious gatherings, the Kumbh Mela, which takes place every 12 years where millions of pilgrims come to bathe in the Shipra River. The city remains an important pilgrimage site with many historic temples dedicated to Shiva and other Hindu gods that attract visitors throughout the year.
Monkey Temple Kathmandu is the most ancient and one of the crowning glories of Kathmandu Valley architecture which is allocated at the north-west of Kathmandu city on the top of the wooden hill. The Stupa has a huge size with the white color in its lower part and golden color in its top part like a crown.
Monkey Temple Kathmandu is the most ancient and one of the crowning glories of Kathmandu Valley architecture which is allocated at the north-west of Kathmandu city on the top of the wooden hill. The Stupa has a huge size with the white color in its lower part and golden color in its top part like a crown.
Hindu Pilgrimage Tour | Hindu Pilgrimage Tour PackageAmrit Chhetri
Hindu Pilgrimage Tour is mainly pilgrimage tour in Nepal. You will visit one of the best sacred places through Hindu Pilgrimage Tour Package. Hindu Pilgrimage Tour covers Pashupatinath Temple, Manakamana Temple, Muktinath Temple, Gupteswor Cave,Dakshinkali and other pilgrimage sites in Nepal.
The document provides background information on Shinto and Buddhism in Japan. It discusses important periods in Japanese history including the Jomon period where pottery figurines called Dogu were created. The Yayoi period saw the introduction of wet-rice agriculture and the production of haniwa clay figures and dōtaku bells. Shinto began as a mix of nature worship and fertility cults without scriptures. The Ise Shrine is the most sacred in Shinto and is rebuilt every 20 years. Buddhism was introduced to Japan from Korea and China in the 6th century CE during the Asuka period. Important Buddhist sites from this era include the Hōryū-ji and Yakushi-ji temples, known
The document discusses ancient India during the Mauryan Empire from 321-185 BCE. It summarizes that Chandragupta founded the Mauryan Empire based in Pataliputra. Emperor Ashoka expanded the empire through conquest but converted to Buddhism after feeling remorse for the suffering he caused. He promoted Buddhism throughout the empire and used edicts to encourage tolerance and nonviolence. After Ashoka's death, the empire declined as it faced invasions and internal conflicts.
Ziauddin Barani and Abul Fazal ( A comparative study)SaqibFikree1
Ziauddin Barani and Abul Fazal were two Muslim thinkers from different eras who had differing views on religion and the role of the king. Barani lived in a time when Islam was establishing roots in India and advocated for the superiority of Islam. Abul Fazal lived during the religiously diverse Mughal Empire and promoted religious equality and secularism. Both believed justice was important for a king, but Barani tied it more closely to Islamic law while Abul Fazal focused on welfare. They similarly saw value in strong armies but Barani emphasized expansion more.
Law 499 topic 2 historical devt of islamic lawWafi Abdullah
The document summarizes the historical development of Islamic law over six periods:
1) During the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad, Islamic law was based on revelations in the Quran and traditions of the Prophet.
2) In the period of the Prophet's companions, the Quran was compiled and Islamic jurisprudence developed further based on consensus and analogy.
3) Under the Umayyad Caliphate, schools of law began to emerge in different cities and sects like the Sunnis and Shias developed.
4) The four major schools of Sunni law were established during the Abbasid Caliphate and compilation of hadiths increased.
5) As the Abbasid Empire declined,
The Mauryan Empire And The Spread Of Buddhismstmarksgreen
1) The Mauryan Empire was founded in 321 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya and encompassed most of northern India, with its capital at Pataliputra.
2) Emperor Ashoka, the grandson of Chandragupta, began his reign as a ruthless conqueror but converted to Buddhism after a bloody battle in Kalinga in 262 BCE, profoundly shaping the empire.
3) Ashoka promoted Buddhism throughout India and sent emissaries abroad spreading Buddhist teachings, as documented on the Edicts of Ashoka carved on pillars and cave walls across the subcontinent.
The document provides an overview of the history of empires in India from 321 BCE to 1707 CE in three parts:
1. The first empires - The Maurya Empire established the first Indian state from 321-184 BCE under Chandragupta and Ashoka. The Kushan Empire followed from 100-300 CE and spread Buddhism.
2. The golden ages - The Gupta Empire in northern India from 320-550 CE was a period of cultural and economic growth. The Chola Empire in southern India from 871-1279 CE also flourished culturally and economically.
3. Islam in India - Muslim invaders began entering India in the 8th century. The Mughal
Some saints in world By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document provides brief biographies of 15 important saints in Islam since the beginning of Islam. It discusses their origins, places of birth, teachings and contributions to spreading Sufism across regions like Persia, Iraq, South Asia, and Central Asia between the 7th-13th centuries AD. The saints mentioned include Uwais al Qarani, Rabi'a al-Adawiyya, Pir Mangho, Abdullah Shah Ghazi, Ali Hujwiri, Abdul-Qadir Gilani, Moinuddin Chishti, Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, Baba Fakhruddin Suharwardy, Baha-ud-din Zakariya, Khawaja Far
This is about the history of the Maurya and Gupta Empire that is commonly not tackled in World History class.
TO DOWNLOAD, PLEASE CLICK THE LINK: https://dlsharefile.com/file/1054610895
THANK YOU!
Hindu temples are places of worship for Hindus that are meant to dissolve boundaries between humans and the divine. Temples focus on enlightenment and are dedicated to individual deities, featuring images of those deities. Temple architecture follows ancient texts and the floor plan represents the cosmos, with the inner sanctuary symbolizing the birthplace of the universe. Visitors typically remove shoes and bring offerings, praying within the inner sanctuary.
The xuanzang ((HUIEN TSANG) A Chinese Pilgrim of Ancient IndiaAman Kumar
Xuanzang was a 7th century Chinese Buddhist monk who traveled to India to learn more about Buddhism. He traveled along the Silk Road, passing through cities like Turfan, Samarkand, Balkh, and Bamyan. His main purpose was to study at the famous Nalanda University. While in India between 630-645 CE, he visited many important Buddhist sites and studied under scholars. He returned to China with numerous Buddhist texts and scriptures. Xuanzang's detailed accounts of places he visited helped later identify important archaeological sites in India like Nalanda University.
Hindu temples are places of worship dedicated to individual deities. They aim to dissolve boundaries between humans and the divine. Temple architecture follows ancient texts, with symbolic designs representing the cosmos. Worshippers remove shoes and offer prayers, food, and flowers with respect and rituals varying by region.
Ashrams are residential communities centered around a spiritual leader or guru, located in natural settings for meditation, yoga, and spiritual instruction. Famous gurus like Gandhi and Swami Sivananda established influential ashrams to spread teachings.
Shinto shrines house and honor kami spirits in nature. The most sacred is Ise Grand Shrine. Shrines feature distinctive objects like torii gates and serve as homes
The Famen Temple Cultural Scenic Area is located in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, China. It has a history of over 1,700 years and contains several notable landmarks including Foguang Avenue, Famen Temple, and Heshi Stupa. Famen Temple gained significance as it housed relics of the Buddha and was an important Buddhist site. It experienced periods of construction, destruction, and restoration over the centuries under various dynasties with the wooden tower being rebuilt in brick during the Ming Dynasty.
Central Asia in relation with India - Historical PerspectiveManisha Chitale
The document discusses the close cultural, geographic and political links between India and neighboring regions like Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia and Tibet. It outlines the basis for these links through evidence from literature, archeology, art and culture over the past few millennia. This included extensive trade, spread of religions like Buddhism, and cross-boundary empires that led to mixing of traditions and people. While some groups like the Shaks and Huns invaded India, most invaders eventually assimilated into local culture and traditions.
This document provides an introduction to the Islamic legal theory of fiqh. It defines fiqh as the regulations of Islamic law derived from the Quran, Hadith, consensus and analogy. It discusses the main topics and tools of fiqh and notes that learning fiqh is obligatory. It also outlines the four main schools of fiqh (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) and provides brief biographies of their founding imams, including Abu Hanifa, Malik ibn Anas, and Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i. It describes how each imam contributed to the development and spread of Islamic jurisprudence.
Asoka played a pivotal role in the early spread of Buddhism through his patronage and missionary efforts. He promoted Buddhism within his vast empire, establishing 84,000 stupas and sending his son and daughter to spread Buddhism to Sri Lanka and other regions. While criticisms argue his edicts don't explicitly reference Buddhist teachings and his missions' effectiveness is questioned, his support helped preserve and establish Buddhism, particularly in Sri Lanka, and provide early historical evidence through his edicts and stupas.
Sultan Bahu was a renowned 17th century Sufi mystic born in Punjab in 1628. He authored over 140 books on mystical truths in Persian and founded the Sarwari Qadri Sufi order. Some of his greatest achievements include reorganizing the Qadri order and providing complete knowledge about the mystic path through his writings. He is renowned for his teachings on acquiring the path of "Faqr" or spiritual poverty and gaining proximity to God. Sultan Bahu passed away in 1691 and his shrine continues to be an important pilgrimage site.
Ujjain is an ancient city in India considered one of the seven most sacred places for Hindus. It has a long history dating back thousands of years and was an important political and cultural center, hosting many famous scholars and poets. Ujjain is best known as the site of one of India's largest religious gatherings, the Kumbh Mela, which takes place every 12 years where millions of pilgrims come to bathe in the Shipra River. The city remains an important pilgrimage site with many historic temples dedicated to Shiva and other Hindu gods that attract visitors throughout the year.
Monkey Temple Kathmandu is the most ancient and one of the crowning glories of Kathmandu Valley architecture which is allocated at the north-west of Kathmandu city on the top of the wooden hill. The Stupa has a huge size with the white color in its lower part and golden color in its top part like a crown.
Monkey Temple Kathmandu is the most ancient and one of the crowning glories of Kathmandu Valley architecture which is allocated at the north-west of Kathmandu city on the top of the wooden hill. The Stupa has a huge size with the white color in its lower part and golden color in its top part like a crown.
Hindu Pilgrimage Tour | Hindu Pilgrimage Tour PackageAmrit Chhetri
Hindu Pilgrimage Tour is mainly pilgrimage tour in Nepal. You will visit one of the best sacred places through Hindu Pilgrimage Tour Package. Hindu Pilgrimage Tour covers Pashupatinath Temple, Manakamana Temple, Muktinath Temple, Gupteswor Cave,Dakshinkali and other pilgrimage sites in Nepal.
The document provides background information on Shinto and Buddhism in Japan. It discusses important periods in Japanese history including the Jomon period where pottery figurines called Dogu were created. The Yayoi period saw the introduction of wet-rice agriculture and the production of haniwa clay figures and dōtaku bells. Shinto began as a mix of nature worship and fertility cults without scriptures. The Ise Shrine is the most sacred in Shinto and is rebuilt every 20 years. Buddhism was introduced to Japan from Korea and China in the 6th century CE during the Asuka period. Important Buddhist sites from this era include the Hōryū-ji and Yakushi-ji temples, known
The document summarizes three important Buddhist temples in China: Biyun Temple, Yonghe Gong Temple, and Shaolin Temple. Biyun Temple located outside Beijing holds 500 bronze Buddha statues. Yonghe Gong Temple in Beijing was originally constructed as a palace but was converted to a lamasery. Shaolin Temple is famous for combining Buddhism and kung fu and is located at the base of Mount Songshan.
Hindu temples are places of worship for Hindus that are meant to dissolve boundaries between humans and the divine. Temples focus on enlightenment and are dedicated to individual deities, featuring images of those deities. Temple architecture follows ancient texts and designs the floor plan as a symbolic representation of the cosmos. Worshippers offer prayers and receive blessed food.
1) Shinto is the indigenous spirituality of Japan that connects the present to the ancient past through practices carried out to establish a connection with kami (spirits or gods).
2) Shinto shrines house and enshrine kami. The most common structures are sacred groves, mountains, or waterfalls but most shrines are open buildings.
3) Ancient shrine styles that predated Buddhism include primitive layouts without a main hall, as well as Shinmei-zukuri, Sumiyoshi-zukuri and Taisha-zukuri architectural styles characterized by specific roof and building structures.
"Khajuraho Temple Complex: A Testament to Divine Splendor and Artistic Mastery"kushwahanitesh592
Khajuraho, a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India, is renowned for its exquisite temples adorned with intricate sculptures and architectural brilliance. Dating back to the Chandela dynasty of the 10th and 11th centuries, the Khajuraho temples represent a remarkable fusion of religion, art, and cultural expression. This comprehensive description will delve into the historical context, architectural features, religious significance, and artistic motifs that define the splendor of Khajuraho.
A Stroll Through the History and Culture of Japanniwres
This document provides a summary of Japanese history and culture from ancient times to the present in 3 paragraphs:
The first paragraph covers early Japanese history from 300 BCE to the 1600s CE, including the Jomon period, Yayoi period, emergence of Shinto and Buddhism, imperial rule under the Nara and Heian periods, and the rise of feudalism under military governments.
The second paragraph discusses the Edo period from 1600-1867, where a military government unified the country and instituted isolationist policies for over 250 years, leading to growth of urban culture.
The third paragraph summarizes modern Japanese history from the 1868 Meiji Restoration onward, including Westernization, becoming a world power
Chinese temples come in several varieties, including Taoist temples, Buddhist temples, and Confucian temples. Taoist temples are typically made of wood with distinctive roof lines, while Buddhist temples feature statues of Buddhas like Shakyamuni and Kwan Yin. Confucian temples serve as ancestral halls honoring Confucius and the Kong family. Key structures mentioned include the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, Shaolin Temple known for its connection to kung fu, and cave temples carved out of rock faces at sites like Dunhuang.
Hydrology of the temple site at bhojpurUdayDokras2
The document discusses the Bhojpur Shiva Temple in Madhya Pradesh, India, which may have been the site of a 13th Jyotirlinga. There are traditionally said to be 12 main Jyotirlinga sites associated with Lord Shiva. The unfinished Bhojpur Temple features an unusually large Shiva lingam carved from a single stone, and architectural plans carved in rock, suggesting it may have been a significant pilgrimage site. The temple is located along the Betwa River where large dams were built in the 11th century to divert the river and create a large sacred lake, as part of King Bhoja's kingdom.
Shintoism is the main indigenous religion of Japan. It focuses on the worship of kami or spirits that are believed to reside in nature. Some key beliefs include the concept that humans are inherently good and have no concept of original sin. Shrines are important places of worship where rituals and festivals take place to appease the kami. Purification is also an important practice. Shintoism has no single founder or sacred text but the Kojiki and Nihongi provide mythology and history. It has coexisted with other religions like Buddhism and influenced Japanese culture.
HISTORY: Indian, Chinese, Japanese Architecture ArchiEducPH
The document discusses Indian, Chinese, and Japanese architecture. For Indian architecture, it describes the axis mundi concept and how it is represented in stupas through elements like the vedika, torana, anda, and chattras. For China, it mentions ancestor worship and Confucian philosophy. For Japan, it outlines the Seven Great Temples of Nara and describes some of their key architectural features. It also discusses the Zen style and shinbutsu-shugo, the syncretism of Buddhism and Shinto.
Vihara refers to a Buddhist monastery. Originally they were simple shelters for wandering monks during the rainy season, but over time wealthy donors constructed more permanent and elaborate monasteries. A standard plan emerged with cells arranged around a central courtyard. Some key viharas like Nalanda evolved into major centers of Buddhist learning. The state of Bihar derives its name from viharas, indicating the large number that existed in the region.
The document discusses the Northern Hindu architectural style that originated in Orissa, India. It began around 260 BC after the region was conquered by Emperor Ashoka. Major temples built in this style include the temples of Jaggannath at Puri and the Sun Temple at Konark. The Lingaraj Temple in Bhubaneswar and the Sun Temple at Konark are highlighted as prime examples of the ornate Orissan architectural style, with elaborate carvings and symbolic design elements.
With this module we open up our study of the connections (and disconnections!) between visual imagery and religious belief. Considering only two of the major religious traditions in India, we take a look at what we see and how
Shintoism is the indigenous religion of Japan that focuses on ritual purification and ancestor worship. Key beliefs include the veneration of kami or spirits, which are found in nature and guide lives by providing fortune. Purification rituals using water are important, as is showing reverence for ancestors and natural forces. The Torii gate marks the transition between human and divine realms at shrines. Shinto lacks a founder but incorporates ancient Japanese animistic traditions. Major texts like the Kojiki and Nihongi connect imperial lineage to divine descent and influence Japanese nationalism. Rituals center around shrine visits and rites of passage.
Nepal, a land steeped in religious and cultural heritage, offers a profound and spiritually enriching experience for pilgrims from around the world. Nestled in the lap of thee majestic Himalayas, the diverse nation is a home to a myriad of sacred sites, temples, and monasteries, drawing devotees and seekers on pilgrimage tours. The unique amalgamation of Hinduism and Buddhism, along with the presence of ancient pilgrimage routes, makes Nepal an ideal destination for those seeking spiritual solace and cultural exploration. Pilgrimage tours in Nepal, provide not only a glimpse into the rich tapestry of religious traditions but also an opportunity to connect with the serene landscapes that serve as the backdrop to these sacred journeys.
In Nepal, pilgrimage tours are possible due to the country’s rich religious history and the presence of numerous revered sites. From the sacred Pashupatinath temple in Kathmandu, dedicated to Lord Shiva, to the birthplace of Lord Buddha in Lumbini, each pilgrimage destination holds a deep cultural significance. These sights attract pilgrims seeking blessings, spiritual insights, and a connection to the divine. The serene ambiance of monasteries in places like Boudhanath and Swayambhunath provides a meditative retreat for those on a spiritual quest. With pilgrimage routes intertwined with breathtaking landscapes, Nepal beckons believers on a sacred journey, fostering a sense of unity and reverence amid the awe-inspiring beauty of its natural surroundings.
Sex & servitude in the chandela dynasty architectureUdayDokras2
The document provides background information on the Khajuraho temples in India, known for their erotic sculptures. It discusses the origins and history of the temples, explaining that they were built between 885-1050 AD by the Chandela dynasty to depict human passions and sexuality as per the instructions in a dream. Approximately 10% of the sculptures contain erotic artwork, seen as representing tantric beliefs in balancing male and female forces. The document also provides context on the Rajput rulers who constructed the temples and their acceptance of sexuality as a natural part of life.
Similar to Horaiji temple on mt horaiji (鳳来寺 東照宮) by Paco Barberá (20)
Butoh Dancers Butoh Dancers Golden's Dairakudakan Gold dust show Osu Nagoya ...B & M Co., Ltd.
La Unión Europea ha acordado un paquete de sanciones contra Rusia por su invasión de Ucrania. Las sanciones incluyen restricciones a los bancos rusos, la prohibición de exportaciones de alta tecnología a Rusia y la congelación de activos de oligarcas rusos. Los líderes de la UE esperan que estas medidas disuadan a Rusia de continuar su agresión militar contra Ucrania.
729 fotos.. Jardín botánico, Zoo, Castillo Yoshida ,templos y un recorrido a ...B & M Co., Ltd.
Este documento describe los detalles de un proyecto de construcción de una carretera. Explica que la carretera tendrá 6 carriles y medirá 50 kilómetros de largo. También incluirá 3 intercambiadores y se espera que alivie la congestión del tráfico en la región. El proyecto se completará en 3 años y costará $200 millones.
729 pictures .. Botanical Garden, Zoo, Castle Yoshida, temples and a tour to...B & M Co., Ltd.
729 pictures .. Science Museums, Art Museums, dinosaurs, housing the Edo period, Botanical Garden, Zoo, Castle Yoshida, temples and a tour to shore
Hamanako sea in Japan By Paco Barbera 2015
729 fotos.. Museos de ciencias, Museos de Arte, dinosaurios, viviendas del periodo Edo, Jardín botánico, Zoo, Castillo Yoshida ,templos y un recorrido a orilla
del mar en Hamanako Japón Por Paco Barberá 2015
Castillo Iga a ueno (伊賀上野) by Paco Barberá 2015B & M Co., Ltd.
Iga (伊賀) tambíen conocida como Iga-Ueno (伊賀上野)
Arriving at the age of 60 years
Iga Mie-ken Japan
Paco Barberá Spanish painter
Arriving at the age of 60 years
Iga Mie-ken Japan
Paco Barberá Spanish painter
Мы прибыли в 60 лет
Ига, префектура Миэ Япония
Paco Барбера испанский художник
Wir kamen um 60 Jahre alt
Iga Japan
Paco Barbera spanischen Malers
हम 60 वर्ष की आयु में पहुंचे
IGA, Mie प्रान्त जापान
पाको बारबरा स्पेनिश चित्रकार
Siamo arrivati a 60 anni di età
Iga, Mie Prefecture Giappone
Paco Barbera pittore spagnolo
60歳に到着
伊賀三重県日本
パコバルベラスペインの画家
وصلنا إلى 60 سنة من العمر
ايغا، ولاية مي اليابان
باكو باربيرا الرسام الاسباني
Chegamos aos 60 anos de idade
Iga, Mie Prefecture Japão
Paco Barbera pintor espanhol
我们到达60岁
伊贺,三重县日本
帕科巴贝拉西班牙画家
Llegamos a los 60 años de edad
Iga, Prefectura de Mie Japón
Paco Barbera pintor español
Pintando Castillo Iga Ueno en venta oleo por Paco Barberá B & M Co., Ltd.
Iga (伊賀) tambíen conocida como Iga-Ueno (伊賀上野)Pintando Castillo Iga Ueno
en venta
una vez acabado
Painting Iga Ueno Castle
on sale
Once finished
伊賀上野城の絵画
発売中
一度完成した
El Enryaku-ji (延暦寺?) templos budistas situados en el entorno del monte Hiei ...B & M Co., Ltd.
El documento describe la historia y características del templo budista Enryaku-ji, ubicado en el monte Hiei al noreste de Kioto, Japón. Fundado en el siglo VIII por Saicho, el templo llegó a ser un gran complejo de 3000 sub-templos y monjes guerreros. Fue destruido parcialmente en el siglo XVI por Oda Nobunaga como parte de su campaña de unificación. Hoy en día, las principales atracciones son el Tōdō, Saitō y Yokawa, y destaca la estatua de B
ll Fuimos a Nagano visitamos el castillo Matsumoto, museo,templos el mejor Z...B & M Co., Ltd.
Fuimos a Nagano visitamos el castillo Matsumoto,
museo,templos el mejor Zenkoji ,
tome unos bocetos a lápiz
Recorrido de 600 km desde Nagoya ... ..
We went to visit the Matsumoto Castle Nagano,
museum, temples Zenkoji best
take a few pencil sketches
Route 600 km from Nagoya .....
私たちは、松本城長野を訪問することを行ってきました
博物館、寺院善光寺最高
いくつかの鉛筆のスケッチを取る
ルート名古屋から600キロ.....
https://www.facebook.com/notes/b-m-galeria-arte/mirando-pr%C3%B3xima-visita-castillos-en-nagano-jap%C3%B3n-looking-next-visit-castles-in-n/751904238183646
Nagano visitamos castillo Matsumoto, museo,templos ..ZenkojiB & M Co., Ltd.
Fuimos a Nagano visitamos el castillo Matsumoto,
museo,templos el mejor Zenkoji ,
tome unos bocetos a lápiz
Recorrido de 600 km desde Nagoya ... ..
We went to visit the Matsumoto Castle Nagano,
museum, temples Zenkoji best
take a few pencil sketches
Route 600 km from Nagoya .....
私たちは、松本城長野を訪問することを行ってきました
博物館、寺院善光寺最高
いくつかの鉛筆のスケッチを取る
ルート名古屋から600キロ.....
https://www.facebook.com/notes/b-m-galeria-arte/mirando-pr%C3%B3xima-visita-castillos-en-nagano-jap%C3%B3n-looking-next-visit-castles-in-n/751904238183646
This document discusses the development of a new type of battery that could revolutionize energy storage. It describes how the battery uses a newly discovered material as its cathode that allows it to store large amounts of energy efficiently and safely. The material is inexpensive and environmentally friendly. Researchers believe that with further development, this new battery technology will allow for electric vehicles with a range of 500 miles or more per charge as well as make renewable energy sources more viable.
El documento habla sobre la importancia de la privacidad y la seguridad en la era digital. Explica que debido al gran volumen de datos personales que se comparten en línea, es crucial que las empresas protejan esta información de manera responsable para mantener la confianza de los clientes. También enfatiza la necesidad de leyes más estrictas que regulen el uso de datos personales.
Houraiji temple Houraiji is a Buddhist temple of Shingon BuddhismB & M Co., Ltd.
Houraiji temple
Houraiji is a Buddhist temple of Shingon Buddhism, a major school of Japanese Buddhism, and is located about 30 km northeast of Toyohashi city. The temple is near the top of Mount Houraiji (684 meters high). So the surrounging lands are steep and covered with forests.
It was founded in 702. And from the 13th to the 19th ceturies, this temple had developed under the aegis of the governments. In 1651, Toshoguu Shrine enshrining Ieyasu Tokugawa, the founder of Edo government, as a god, was built. So the branch route to make a pilgrimage from Tokaido route was set up, and many worshippers visited here.
In the late 19th century, this area became the main one of the shrine by government policy. Only a little area for the temple was permitted, but the temple had declined. In 1915, the main temple was destroyed by fire, but it was rebuilt in 1974. In this mountain, there are only Toshoguu Shrine, rebuilt main temple and a few old buildings.
The main route to the temple is from the southwest foot of the mountain. Along the approach through the small temple town, there are some ryokans and shops. But you must walk up 1,425 stone steps from there to the temple.
If you travel by rental car, the road called Houraiji Park Way leads to around the temple, from Yuya hot spring resort at the eastern foot of the mountain.
A walking trail passing through the temples, Toshogu, the top of Mount Houraiji and a few observatories is set up. The length is about 3 km, but it is hilly hiking course.
In the temple town, there is Horaijisan natural science Museum. It introduces the animals and plants inhabiting Mount Houraiji.
Since old times, people had listened to any bird singing "buts-pou-sou" around Mount Houraiji. In Japanese, "buts" means "Buddha", "hou" (pou) menas "teaching of Buddha", and "sou" means "priest". They are called the three treasures of Buddhism. In 1935, at last, it turned out to be the song of Japanese scops owl. A stuffed Japanese scops owl is displayed in the museum. Additionally, it is designated as the symbol bird of Aichi Prefecture.
Yuya hot spring resort is along Hourai Gorge formed by Ure River. It is an old hot spring opened about 1,300 years ago, and there are about a dozen hotels and ryokans.
How to get to here
By railroad
• To Houraiji (Temple town), get off at Hon-Nagashino station on JR Iida Line. From Toyohashi, about 38 minutes by limited express "Inaji", about 1 hour by local train. Then by route bus, about 8 minutes from Hon-Nagashino station.
• To Yuya hot spring resort, get off at Yuya-onsen station on JR Iida Line. From Toyohashi, about 45 minutes by limited express "Inaji", about 1 hour and 10 minutes by local train.
By car
Run on Tomei Expressway, and exit at Toyokawa Exit. About 28 km from there.
Horaiji temple y horaisan Houraiji templo Houraiji Aiche-ken by Paco BarberáB & M Co., Ltd.
Houraiji templo
Houraiji es un templo budista del budismo Shingon, una importante escuela de budismo japonés, y se encuentra a unos 30 km al noreste de la ciudad de Toyohashi.
El templo está cerca de la cima del monte Houraiji (684 metros de altura). Así las tierras son empinadas y cubiertas de bosques.
Fue fundada en 702.
Y desde el 13 hasta siglo 19, este templo se había desarrollado bajo la égida de los gobiernos.
En 1651, Toshoguu Santuario consagrar Ieyasu Tokugawa, el fundador del gobierno de Edo, como un dios, fue construido.
Así que la ruta rama para hacer una peregrinación desde la ruta Tokaido fue creado, y muchos adoradores visitó aquí.
A finales del siglo 19, esta zona se convirtió en el principal de la ermita por la política gubernamental.
Sólo se permitió una pequeña zona para el templo, pero el templo había disminuido.
En 1915, el principal templo fue destruido por el fuego, pero fue reconstruido en 1974.
En esta montaña, sólo hay Toshoguu Santuario, templo principal reconstruida y algunos edificios antiguos.
La ruta principal al templo es desde el pie al suroeste de la montaña.
A lo largo del enfoque a través de la pequeña ciudad del templo, hay algunos huéspedes japonesas y tiendas.
Pero tienes que subir 1425 escalones de piedra de allí al templo.
Si viaja en coche de alquiler, la calle se llama Houraiji Park Way lleva a los alrededores del templo, de Yuya complejo de aguas termales al pie oriental de la montaña.
Una ruta de senderismo que pasa a través de los templos, Toshogu, la cima del monte Houraiji y algunos observatorios se establezca. La longitud es de unos 3 km, pero es el senderismo recorrido ondulado.
En el templo de la ciudad, hay Horaijisan Museo de Ciencias Naturales.
Introduce los animales y plantas que habitan en el monte Houraiji.
Desde tiempos antiguos, la gente había escuchado algún canto de un pájaro "peros-pou-sou" alrededor del Monte Houraiji.
En japonés, "peros" significa menas "Buda", "hou" (pou) "La enseñanza de Buda", y "sou" significa "sacerdote". Se les llama los tres tesoros del budismo.
En 1935, por fin, que resultó ser la canción del japonés autillo.
Un autillo japonesa rellena se muestra en el museo.
Adicionalmente, se señala como el ave símbolo de la Prefectura de Aichi.
Yuya complejo termal está a lo largo Hourai Gorge formada por el río Ure.
Es un antiguo manantial abierto hace unos 1.300 años, y hay una docena de hoteles y huéspedes japonesas.
Selección Collage de 47.000 fotos en internet de Paco Barberá pintor en N...B & M Co., Ltd.
Selection Collage 47,000
online photos
Barbera painter Paco
Nagoya Japan
Selección Collage de 47.000
fotos en internet
de Paco Barberá pintor en
Nagoya Japón
Selección Collage de 47.000
fotos en internet
de Paco Barberá pintor en
Nagoya Japón
選択コラージュ47000
オンラインの写真
バルベラ画家パコ
名古屋
The cherry: beauty, softness, its heart-shaped plastic has inspired artists since Antiquity. Cherries and strawberries were considered the fruits of paradise and thus represented the souls of men.
Fashionista Chic Couture Maze & Coloring Adventures is a coloring and activity book filled with many maze games and coloring activities designed to delight and engage young fashion enthusiasts. Each page offers a unique blend of fashion-themed mazes and stylish illustrations to color, inspiring creativity and problem-solving skills in children.
This tutorial offers a step-by-step guide on how to effectively use Pinterest. It covers the basics such as account creation and navigation, as well as advanced techniques including creating eye-catching pins and optimizing your profile. The tutorial also explores collaboration and networking on the platform. With visual illustrations and clear instructions, this tutorial will equip you with the skills to navigate Pinterest confidently and achieve your goals.
My storyboard for a sword fight scene with lightsabers
Horaiji temple on mt horaiji (鳳来寺 東照宮) by Paco Barberá
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6. Tales of Mystic Mountain: The Legend of the LevitatingTales of Mystic Mountain: The Legend of the Levitating
7. Monk of MtMonk of Mt HoraijiHoraiji
Houraiji templo
Houraiji es un templo budista del budismo Shingon, una
importante escuela de budismo japonés, y se encuentra a
unos 30 km al noreste de la ciudad de Toyohashi.
El templo está cerca de la cima del monte Houraiji (684
metros de altura). Así las tierras son empinadas y
cubiertas de bosques.
Fue fundada en 702.
Y desde el 13 hasta siglo 19, este templo se había
desarrollado bajo la égida de los gobiernos.
En 1651, Toshoguu Santuario consagrar Ieyasu
Tokugawa, el fundador del gobierno de Edo, como un
dios, fue construido.
Así que la ruta rama para hacer una peregrinación desde
la ruta Tokaido fue creado, y muchos adoradores visitó
aquí.
A fnales del siglo 19, esta zona se convirtió en el
principal de la ermita por la política gubernamental.
Sólo se permitió una pequeña zona para el templo, pero
el templo había disminuido.
En 1915, el principal templo fue destruido por el fuego,
pero fue reconstruido en 1974.
8. En esta montaña, sólo hay Toshoguu Santuario, templo
principal reconstruida y algunos edifcios antiguos.
La ruta principal al templo es desde el pie al suroeste de
la montaña.
A lo largo del enfoque a través de la pequeña ciudad del
templo, hay algunos huéspedes japonesas y tiendas.
Pero tienes que subir 1425 escalones de piedra de allí al
templo.
Si viaja en coche de alquiler, la calle se llama Houraiji
Park Way lleva a los alrededores del templo, de Yuya
complejo de aguas termales al pie oriental de la montaña.
Una ruta de senderismo que pasa a través de los
templos, Toshogu, la cima del monte Houraiji y algunos
observatorios se establezca. La longitud es de unos 3
km, pero es el senderismo recorrido ondulado.
En el templo de la ciudad, hay Horaijisan Museo de
Ciencias Naturales.
Introduce los animales y plantas que habitan en el monte
Houraiji.
Desde tiempos antiguos, la gente había escuchado algún
canto de un pájaro "peros-pou-sou" alrededor del Monte
Houraiji.
En japonés, "peros" signifca menas "Buda", "hou" (pou)
"La enseñanza de Buda", y "sou" signifca "sacerdote".
Se les llama los tres tesoros del budismo.
En 1935, por fn, que resultó ser la canción del japonés
autillo.
Un autillo japonesa rellena se muestra en el museo.
Adicionalmente, se señala como el ave símbolo de la
Prefectura de Aichi.
Yuya complejo termal está a lo largo Hourai Gorge
formada por el río Ure.
Es un antiguo manantial abierto hace unos 1.300 años, y
9. hay una docena de hoteles y huéspedes japonesas.
¿Cómo llegar a aquí
Por ferrocarril
Para Houraiji (Ciudad de los templos), bajar en la estación
Hon-Nagashino en JR Iida Line. Desde Toyohashi, unos
38 minutos en limitada express "Inaji", alrededor de 1
hora en tren de cercanías.
Luego de autobús de ruta, de unos 8 minutos de la
estación Hon-Nagashino.
Para Yuya complejo de aguas termales, bajar en la
estación onsen-Yuya en JR Iida Line. Desde Toyohashi, a
unos 45 minutos en expreso limitado "Inaji", alrededor de
1 hora y 10 minutos en tren de cercanías.
En coche
Ejecutar en autopista Tomei, y salir en Toyokawa Salir.
Cerca de 28 km de allí.
http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/location/spot/shritemp/horaiji.h
tml
Horaiji Temple on Mt Horaiji (鳳来寺 東照宮)
It is said that 1,300 years ago, on the peaks of Mt Horai
lived an ascetic monk and hermit called Rishu. According
to temple tradition, Rishu founded the Horaiji Temple in
703. With the winding stone staircase temple approach of
1,425 steps and surrounding primeval wood of
cryptomeria cedars, and cypresses, the mountain is a
magnifcently mystical setting for mountain ascetic
10. practitioners. It has been a popular spot for pilgrimages,
especially during the Edo Period.
Mikawa Province, Horaiji Temple by Ando Hiroshige.
The Temple belongs to the Shingon Buddhist sect, but its
founding by the obscure mystic Rishu inexplicably shows
dates that are earlier than the late 8th century origin of of
Shingon Buddhism usually attributed to the more famous
monk Kukai.
Horaiji Temple (Photo courtesy of TripAdvisor)
Local legends cast a pall of mystery over the mountain
temple’s early background. Below is a confated story
from two accounts of the origins of the miracle hotsprings
of Yuya valley as well as the founding of Horaiji Temple.
The Legend of the Levitating Monk
Around 1300 years ago, a Buddhist monk named Rishu
was said to have happily discovered a natural hot spring
bubbling to the surface of the Yuya valley in what is
today’s Aichi prefecture. Rishu according to some
accounts, was at the time already residing in the
mountains when the 42nd Emperor of Japan whom we
know to be Emperor Mommu and who was very ill at the
time..
Trained in the Buddhist arts of healing, Rishu was called
upon to fnd a cure for the Emperor and supernaturally
11. carried away by a phoenix to the royal palace. At the
palace, the monk worked hard for 17 days and the
Emperor successfully made a full recovery.
As a reward for his work, the monk was allowed to
establish the Horaiji Temple (which means ‘Phoenix Come
Temple’) in the mountains above the Yuya hotsprings.
This photo of Horaiji Temple is courtesy of TripAdvisor
Now, dwelling on the peak of Mt Horai didn’t make it
particularly convenient for Rishu to visit the hotsprings
that he so favored. So he levitated his way down the
mountain.
Swooping powerfully down from the peaks of 684m-high
Mt. Horaiji like a kyarobinga, and yet gracefully poised
like an apsara with his robes gracefully fapping around
him and all the while playing his fute, was how Rishu
would visit the hot spring waters near the Ure River. This
unusual method of travel and the holy monk’s frequent
dips made such an impression on the locals, that they
thought it opportune to open bathhouses there, in the
belief that these would be waters with magical healing
powers.
Now there’s a tale that could have given a movie such
as Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon a run for their money.
Modern pilgrims today still visit the mysterious mountain
maybe supposing the place to be still infused of magic
and the supernatural … locals say the local birds
(Japanese scops owls) chant paeans to Buddhism in the
late spring and summer: “Bu!” (Buddha), “Po!” (sutra),
and “So!” (priest). And tourists and pilgrims still visit as
12. well the hotsprings in Yuya Valley for its medicinal waters
that are reputed to cure everything from rashes to cancer.
Buddhist steles that guide and protect travelers on their
pilgrims up the mountain
***
Was there really a hermit monk Rishu?
According to tradition, the founding of the Horaiji Temple
is associated with Shingon Buddhism and with the
historical fgure 42nd Emperor Mommu (683–707), as well
as the fact that Yakushi mystic cults were proliferating
(see pp. 564-567 Ancient Buddhism in Japan), and
temples tended to be associated with Yakushi-cults
exactly around this time … all appear corroborate the
existence of an ascetic hermetic monk such as Rishu
around the turn of the 8th century.
The more fanciful embellishments of Rishu’s character,
and the crediting him with wizard-like powers, appear to
be consistent with the activity of the popular Yakushi
Cults in an Age of Mysticism.
The account of the founding at 703 of a Yakushi-Nyorai
venerating temple squares well with historical events thus
in recorded in (see pp. 564-567 Ancient Buddhism in
Japan | Sutras and Ceremonies in use in the seventh and
eighth centuries A.D. and their history in later times:
13. “In A.D. 702 (XII 13), when the Emperor Mommu was ill, a
great amnesty was granted throughout the Empire, a
hundred men were caused to become monks, and order
was given” for the monks to be sent to the provinces.
During A.D. 702 (2nd year of Mommu Tenno, II 20)
“Provincial Masters” (kokushi, were appointed in all the
provinces…, in A.D. 685 (10th month), this sutra was
expounded in the Palace, evidently in order to cure the
Emperor Temmu, who died the following year (IX 9). Other
sutras used for this purpose were the Yakushikyo (686, V
24), the Konkwomyokyo (686, Vlll 8) and the Kwannongyd
(686, VII 28, VII 2); vegetarian entertainments of monks,
penitential services (kekwa), offerings, dedication of a
hundred Kwannon images general amnesty, everything was
done in vain to save the Emperor’s life.
As seen above (Ch. I, § 10), in A.D. 686 (V 24) “the Emperor
Temmu’s body was ill at ease. Accordingly the Yakushikyo
was expounded in the Temple of Kawara, and a retreat
(ango) was held within the Palace”.’ As to the Yakushi-
kekwa or “Rites of Repentance in worship of the Healing
Buddha” not only Yakushi-kekwa were practised in all
Nihongi, Ch. xxix, p. 541; Aston II, p. 376.
Shoku Nihongi, Ch. vhi, p. 123.Yakushi-kekwa. 559
Buddhist temples of the Capital and Home provinces and in
all “pure places of renowned mountains”, but also seven
Yakushi images, 6 shaku 3 sun high, and seven copies of
the Yakushikyo (each of one chapter) were made in the
capital and in all the provinces. … The son of Emperor
Mommu – “Shomu Tenno was also a devout worshipper of
Bhaishajyaguru, We learn from the above facts that in the
eighth century and in the frst half of the ninth the Hosso
14. priests, and thenceforward during many centuries those of
the mystic branch of the Tendai sect were the principal
worshippers of Yakushi Nyorai.”
Sacred to the worship of Horaiji Temple is the Yakushi-
Nyorai (the Healing Buddha) a.k.a. the Buddha of the
Master of Medicine). Yakushi-Nyorai was among the frst
of the Buddhist forms or representations to arrive (the
other being Miroku) in the 6th century from the mainland
continent, and he quickly became popular throughout
Japan as a powerful deity who could cure sickness and
eliminate earthly suffering– Yakushi remains one of the
most cherished Buddhist fgures in Japan today.
Yakushi’s full name is Yakushirurikō 薬師瑠璃光, which
means Medicine Master of Lapis Lazuli Radiance.
The practice of venerating the “Medicine Buddha” in
Japan is traceable to Northwest India, via China which
had practised a sinifed form of Bhaiṣajyaguru, an Indian
bodhisattva who had achieved Buddhahood, to become
the Buddha of the eastern realm of Vaidūryanirbhāsa, or
“Pure Lapis Lazuli”*. The Medicine Buddha is often
depicted with a lapis-colored jar of medicine nectar in his
left hand and in the related sutra, he is also described by
his aura of lapis lazuli-colored light. Sanskrit manuscripts
of the Bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabhārāja Sūtra have been
found at Gilgit, Pakistan prior to the 7th century and
also at a Bamiyan monastery, Afghanistan, in the 7th
century CE – attesting to the popularity of the Medicine
Buddha in the ancient northwest Indian kingdom of
Gandhāra as well as in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The
same mystical tendencies seen in India, Tibet and China
were also evident in Japan with Yakushi cults.
15. Beginning in the 7th century in Japan, Yakushi, the
Medicine Buddha, became the center of the devotion of
the earliest temples, (most belonging to the Tendai and
Shingon sects), around Kyoto, Nara and the Kinki region.
Devotees recite the mantra of the Medicine Buddha to
overcome mental, physical and spiritual sickness Yakushi
was prayed to not only for relief from illness and suffering,
but also invoked often in the traditional memorial services
for the dead. The Bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabhārāja Sūtra
states:
“ Wherever this sutra circulates or wherever there are
sentient beings who hold fast to the name of the Medicine
Buddha [Yakushi Buddha] and respectfully make offerings
to him, whether in villages, towns, kingdoms or in the
wilderness, we [the Twelve Generals] will all protect them.
We will release them from all suffering and calamities and
see to it that all their wishes are fulflled
The Yakushi Buddha was venerated by many powerful
men including Takeda Shingen, a daimyo of the 16th
century, as well as Tokugawa Ieyasu, powerful shogun of
the 17th century.
Toshogu shrine
Apart from Horaiji Temple, the Toshogu Shrine also stands
venerated on the slopes of the Horaiji mountain, a Tosho-
gu Shrine built in the 17th century by the third shogun
Tokugawa Iemitsu for his father, Ieyasu, to the east of the
main temple. The interior walls of Tosho-gu are decorated
16. with elaborate carvings that resemble those in Tosho-gu
Shrine in Nikko, Tochigi.
The religious site is said to have been particularly
venerated by the Tokugawa family, upon Tokugawa
Ieyasu’s mother’s conception of her son after praying
there. But the infuence of the temple declined after the
mid-19th century with the end of the samurai rule of
Japan.
The main building of Horaiji burnt down many times, the
extant building was completed in Showa 49.
Nio-mon (“Deva King Gate”
Today, the main historic relics that remain of the sacred
site are the sanctuary, Nio-mon (“Deva King Gate”), bell
tower, Okuno-in (inner shrine), Ko-do (small hall), and two
small annexes.
However, the discovery of ancient ritual relics such as an
old mirror is thought to substantiate the actual antiquity
of the site as a historical spot for pilgrims’ and ascetics’
rituals and provide evidence of human inhabitation on the
mountain since early times. This photo of Horaiji Temple is
courtesy of TripAdvisor
Geology and environs of the mountain
Mt Horaiji, located on the southern edge of dormant
volcanos in Okumikawa, Shinshiro, Aichi Prefecture.
17. Formed by volcanic lava 20 to 15 million years ago, the
mountain consists of dacite, pitchstone and so on. The
mountain is famous as a habitat for scops owls, and at
the end of a rigorous climb to the top of the mountain,
the panoramic view of the forested hills of the East
Mikawa Plain stretching all the way to Mikawa Bay.
Visitors will combine their temple pilgrimage with a visit to
the Yuya Onsen, a popular rustic hotspring resort in the
18th century 5 km. Or they will want to hike the beautiful
prefectural park and for the spectacular autumn colours
of the Aichi Kenmin no Mori in early November, all within
easy walking distance of JR Yuya Onsen station.
Many campsites are to be found (eg. the Kenmin no Mori
campground nearby the Yuya Onsen station) as well as
the Youth Travel Village at the base of Mt. Horaiji (which
offers tents and bungalows, as well as auto camping
sites).
Visiting Mt Horai and Horaiji Temple
Location and address:
Horai-ji located in Horai-cho, Aichi Prefecture.
Address: 1 Horaiji, Kadoya, Shinshiro-shi, Aichi
(Kadoyama Shinshiro, Aichi Prefecture, 441-1944,
Shinshiro Sightseeing Association)
Admission Fee: Free in the temple precincts
Directions From Tokyo :
[Rail] 2h 15 min to Toyohashi Station by JR Tokaido
Shinkansen Line. 35 min from Toyohashi to Hon-
Nagashino-jo Station by JR Iida Line (limited express),
18. and 10 min from the station to Horaiji by bus. From
the Horaiji Stop, a 40-min. walk
From Osaka :
[Rail] 1h 20 min from Shin-Osaka to Toyohashi Station by
Shinkansen. From Toyohashi Station, southeast of
Nagoya on the Tokaido main line, take the JR Iida line to
Yuya Onsen station (about 70 minutes by local train, or 46
minutes on the Inaji limited express). For Horaiji, exit at
Honnagashino station instead, then board the (infrequent)
Toyotetsu bus to either the Horaiji stop (an easy 15-
minute walk to the temple) or the village at the base of the
Horaiji staircase.
* Note on the signifcance of Lapis Lazuli:
“The most distinctive feature of this Medicine Buddha is his
color, the deep blue of lapis lazuli. This precious stone has
been greatly prized by Asian and European cultures for
more than six thousand years and, until relatively recently,
its ornamental value was on a par with, or even exceeded,
that of the diamond. An aura of mystery surrounds this
gemstone, perhaps because of its principal mines are
located in the remote Badakshan region of northeast
Afghanistan, an all-but-inaccessible area located behind the
Hindu Kush. One commentator has written, “the fnest
specimens of lapis, intensely blue with speckled waves and
swirls of shining gold-colored pyrite, resemble the night
aglow with myriads of stars.” Traditionally this beautiful
stone was used to symbolize that which is pure or rare.”
– Medicine Buddha and Tibetan Medicine
Sources and references:
19. 鳳来寺山 Houraiji-san Mt Horaiji (NIPPON-KICHI)
Horaiji Temple (Japan National Tourist Organization)
Tenryu-Oku-Mikawa Quasi-National Park 鳳来寺山と湯谷
温泉 by Daniel Simmons
What’s Up Aichi : The Healing Waters of Yuya, The
Healing Issue 26, Autumn 2012 is a Publication of The
Aichi Prefectural Government San Francisco Offce
Bhaiṣajyaguru (Wikipedia)
Horaiji Toshogu National Treasure
Shingon Buddhism (Wikipedia)
Shingon Buddhism by David Moreton
Ancient Buddhism in Japan | SUTRAS AND CEREMONIES
IN USE IN THE SEVENTH AND EIGHTH CENTURIES
A.D. AND THEIR HISTORY IN LATER TIMES by Dr. M. W.
De Visser
Shingon-shu (Shingon Buddhism)
The Adhyardhasatika Prajnaparamita is one of the most
infuential and revered scriptures in East-Asian esoteric
Buddhism. Known as the RishukyM, this sktra, in its
Chinese version by Amoghavajra, has been for centuries
been at the core of the Shingon liturgy in Japan. Its Sanskrit
text, however, was known until recently only through a
fragmentary Central-Asian manuscript studied by Ernst
20. Leumann in early twentieth century. This volume presents a
critical edition of the Adhyardhasatika based on the a newly
available photocopy, kept at the China Tibetology Research
Center (Beijing), of a newly available Sanskrit manuscript
from Tibet. Also edited in this volume is the Tibetan version
of the text, Zes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa’i tshul brgya lna
bcu pa, using fourteen exemplars of Kanjur and a
Dunhuang manuscript. The introduction to the edition
includes a survey of previous studies of on the
Adhyardhasatika, a description of the materials used, as
well as remarks on the distinctive features of the Sanskrit
text. See (source: Austrian Academy of Sciences)
of Sanskrit Texts from the Tibetan Autonomous Region
5 2009, ca. XVIII+100 Seiten, 24×15,5cm, broschiert
Tales of Mystic Mountain: The Legend of the LevitatingTales of Mystic Mountain: The Legend of the Levitating
Monk of MtMonk of Mt HoraijiHoraiji
Horaiji Temple on Mt Horaiji (鳳来寺 東照宮)
It is said that 1,300 years ago, on the peaks of Mt Horai
lived an ascetic monk and hermit called Rishu. According
to temple tradition, Rishu founded the Horaiji Temple in
703. With the winding stone staircase temple approach of
1,425 steps and surrounding primeval wood of
cryptomeria cedars, and cypresses, the mountain is a
magnifcently mystical setting for mountain ascetic
practitioners. It has been a popular spot for pilgrimages,
especially during the Edo Period.
21. Mikawa Province, Horaiji Temple by Ando Hiroshige.
The Temple belongs to the Shingon Buddhist sect, but its
founding by the obscure mystic Rishu inexplicably shows
dates that are earlier than the late 8th century origin of of
Shingon Buddhism usually attributed to the more famous
monk Kukai.
Horaiji Temple (Photo courtesy of TripAdvisor)
Local legends cast a pall of mystery over the mountain
temple’s early background. Below is a confated story
from two accounts of the origins of the miracle hotsprings
of Yuya valley as well as the founding of Horaiji Temple.
The Legend of the Levitating Monk
Around 1300 years ago, a Buddhist monk named Rishu
was said to have happily discovered a natural hot spring
bubbling to the surface of the Yuya valley in what is
today’s Aichi prefecture. Rishu according to some
accounts, was at the time already residing in the
mountains when the 42nd Emperor of Japan whom we
know to be Emperor Mommu and who was very ill at the
time..
Trained in the Buddhist arts of healing, Rishu was called
upon to fnd a cure for the Emperor and supernaturally
carried away by a phoenix to the royal palace. At the
palace, the monk worked hard for 17 days and the
Emperor successfully made a full recovery.
As a reward for his work, the monk was allowed to
22. establish the Horaiji Temple (which means ‘Phoenix Come
Temple’) in the mountains above the Yuya hotsprings.
This photo of Horaiji Temple is courtesy of TripAdvisor
Now, dwelling on the peak of Mt Horai didn’t make it
particularly convenient for Rishu to visit the hotsprings
that he so favored. So he levitated his way down the
mountain.
Swooping powerfully down from the peaks of 684m-high
Mt. Horaiji like a kyarobinga, and yet gracefully poised
like an apsara with his robes gracefully fapping around
him and all the while playing his fute, was how Rishu
would visit the hot spring waters near the Ure River. This
unusual method of travel and the holy monk’s frequent
dips made such an impression on the locals, that they
thought it opportune to open bathhouses there, in the
belief that these would be waters with magical healing
powers.
Now there’s a tale that could have given a movie such
as Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon a run for their money.
Modern pilgrims today still visit the mysterious mountain
maybe supposing the place to be still infused of magic
and the supernatural … locals say the local birds
(Japanese scops owls) chant paeans to Buddhism in the
late spring and summer: “Bu!” (Buddha), “Po!” (sutra),
and “So!” (priest). And tourists and pilgrims still visit as
well the hotsprings in Yuya Valley for its medicinal waters
that are reputed to cure everything from rashes to cancer.
23. Buddhist steles that guide and protect travelers on their
pilgrims up the mountain
***
Was there really a hermit monk Rishu?
According to tradition, the founding of the Horaiji Temple
is associated with Shingon Buddhism and with the
historical fgure 42nd Emperor Mommu (683–707), as well
as the fact that Yakushi mystic cults were proliferating
(see pp. 564-567 Ancient Buddhism in Japan), and
temples tended to be associated with Yakushi-cults
exactly around this time … all appear corroborate the
existence of an ascetic hermetic monk such as Rishu
around the turn of the 8th century.
The more fanciful embellishments of Rishu’s character,
and the crediting him with wizard-like powers, appear to
be consistent with the activity of the popular Yakushi
Cults in an Age of Mysticism.
The account of the founding at 703 of a Yakushi-Nyorai
venerating temple squares well with historical events thus
in recorded in (see pp. 564-567 Ancient Buddhism in
Japan | Sutras and Ceremonies in use in the seventh and
eighth centuries A.D. and their history in later times:
“In A.D. 702 (XII 13), when the Emperor Mommu was ill, a
great amnesty was granted throughout the Empire, a
hundred men were caused to become monks, and order
was given” for the monks to be sent to the provinces.
During A.D. 702 (2nd year of Mommu Tenno, II 20)
24. “Provincial Masters” (kokushi, were appointed in all the
provinces…, in A.D. 685 (10th month), this sutra was
expounded in the Palace, evidently in order to cure the
Emperor Temmu, who died the following year (IX 9). Other
sutras used for this purpose were the Yakushikyo (686, V
24), the Konkwomyokyo (686, Vlll 8) and the Kwannongyd
(686, VII 28, VII 2); vegetarian entertainments of monks,
penitential services (kekwa), offerings, dedication of a
hundred Kwannon images general amnesty, everything was
done in vain to save the Emperor’s life.
As seen above (Ch. I, § 10), in A.D. 686 (V 24) “the Emperor
Temmu’s body was ill at ease. Accordingly the Yakushikyo
was expounded in the Temple of Kawara, and a retreat
(ango) was held within the Palace”.’ As to the Yakushi-
kekwa or “Rites of Repentance in worship of the Healing
Buddha” not only Yakushi-kekwa were practised in all
Nihongi, Ch. xxix, p. 541; Aston II, p. 376.
Shoku Nihongi, Ch. vhi, p. 123.Yakushi-kekwa. 559
Buddhist temples of the Capital and Home provinces and in
all “pure places of renowned mountains”, but also seven
Yakushi images, 6 shaku 3 sun high, and seven copies of
the Yakushikyo (each of one chapter) were made in the
capital and in all the provinces. … The son of Emperor
Mommu – “Shomu Tenno was also a devout worshipper of
Bhaishajyaguru, We learn from the above facts that in the
eighth century and in the frst half of the ninth the Hosso
priests, and thenceforward during many centuries those of
the mystic branch of the Tendai sect were the principal
worshippers of Yakushi Nyorai.”
Sacred to the worship of Horaiji Temple is the Yakushi-
25. Nyorai (the Healing Buddha) a.k.a. the Buddha of the
Master of Medicine). Yakushi-Nyorai was among the frst
of the Buddhist forms or representations to arrive (the
other being Miroku) in the 6th century from the mainland
continent, and he quickly became popular throughout
Japan as a powerful deity who could cure sickness and
eliminate earthly suffering– Yakushi remains one of the
most cherished Buddhist fgures in Japan today.
Yakushi’s full name is Yakushirurikō 薬師瑠璃光, which
means Medicine Master of Lapis Lazuli Radiance.
The practice of venerating the “Medicine Buddha” in
Japan is traceable to Northwest India, via China which
had practised a sinifed form of Bhaiṣajyaguru, an Indian
bodhisattva who had achieved Buddhahood, to become
the Buddha of the eastern realm of Vaidūryanirbhāsa, or
“Pure Lapis Lazuli”*. The Medicine Buddha is often
depicted with a lapis-colored jar of medicine nectar in his
left hand and in the related sutra, he is also described by
his aura of lapis lazuli-colored light. Sanskrit manuscripts
of the Bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabhārāja Sūtra have been
found at Gilgit, Pakistan prior to the 7th century and
also at a Bamiyan monastery, Afghanistan, in the 7th
century CE – attesting to the popularity of the Medicine
Buddha in the ancient northwest Indian kingdom of
Gandhāra as well as in Pakistan and Afghanistan. The
same mystical tendencies seen in India, Tibet and China
were also evident in Japan with Yakushi cults.
Beginning in the 7th century in Japan, Yakushi, the
Medicine Buddha, became the center of the devotion of
the earliest temples, (most belonging to the Tendai and
Shingon sects), around Kyoto, Nara and the Kinki region.
26. Devotees recite the mantra of the Medicine Buddha to
overcome mental, physical and spiritual sickness Yakushi
was prayed to not only for relief from illness and suffering,
but also invoked often in the traditional memorial services
for the dead. The Bhaiṣajyaguruvaiḍūryaprabhārāja Sūtra
states:
“ Wherever this sutra circulates or wherever there are
sentient beings who hold fast to the name of the Medicine
Buddha [Yakushi Buddha] and respectfully make offerings
to him, whether in villages, towns, kingdoms or in the
wilderness, we [the Twelve Generals] will all protect them.
We will release them from all suffering and calamities and
see to it that all their wishes are fulflled
The Yakushi Buddha was venerated by many powerful
men including Takeda Shingen, a daimyo of the 16th
century, as well as Tokugawa Ieyasu, powerful shogun of
the 17th century.
Toshogu shrine
Apart from Horaiji Temple, the Toshogu Shrine also stands
venerated on the slopes of the Horaiji mountain, a Tosho-
gu Shrine built in the 17th century by the third shogun
Tokugawa Iemitsu for his father, Ieyasu, to the east of the
main temple. The interior walls of Tosho-gu are decorated
with elaborate carvings that resemble those in Tosho-gu
Shrine in Nikko, Tochigi.
The religious site is said to have been particularly
27. venerated by the Tokugawa family, upon Tokugawa
Ieyasu’s mother’s conception of her son after praying
there. But the infuence of the temple declined after the
mid-19th century with the end of the samurai rule of
Japan.
The main building of Horaiji burnt down many times, the
extant building was completed in Showa 49.
Nio-mon (“Deva King Gate”
Today, the main historic relics that remain of the sacred
site are the sanctuary, Nio-mon (“Deva King Gate”), bell
tower, Okuno-in (inner shrine), Ko-do (small hall), and two
small annexes.
However, the discovery of ancient ritual relics such as an
old mirror is thought to substantiate the actual antiquity
of the site as a historical spot for pilgrims’ and ascetics’
rituals and provide evidence of human inhabitation on the
mountain since early times. This photo of Horaiji Temple is
courtesy of TripAdvisor
Geology and environs of the mountain
Mt Horaiji, located on the southern edge of dormant
volcanos in Okumikawa, Shinshiro, Aichi Prefecture.
Formed by volcanic lava 20 to 15 million years ago, the
mountain consists of dacite, pitchstone and so on. The
mountain is famous as a habitat for scops owls, and at
the end of a rigorous climb to the top of the mountain,
28. the panoramic view of the forested hills of the East
Mikawa Plain stretching all the way to Mikawa Bay.
Visitors will combine their temple pilgrimage with a visit to
the Yuya Onsen, a popular rustic hotspring resort in the
18th century 5 km. Or they will want to hike the beautiful
prefectural park and for the spectacular autumn colours
of the Aichi Kenmin no Mori in early November, all within
easy walking distance of JR Yuya Onsen station.
Many campsites are to be found (eg. the Kenmin no Mori
campground nearby the Yuya Onsen station) as well as
the Youth Travel Village at the base of Mt. Horaiji (which
offers tents and bungalows, as well as auto camping
sites).
Visiting Mt Horai and Horaiji Temple
Location and address:
Horai-ji located in Horai-cho, Aichi Prefecture.
Address: 1 Horaiji, Kadoya, Shinshiro-shi, Aichi
(Kadoyama Shinshiro, Aichi Prefecture, 441-1944,
Shinshiro Sightseeing Association)
Admission Fee: Free in the temple precincts
Directions From Tokyo :
[Rail] 2h 15 min to Toyohashi Station by JR Tokaido
Shinkansen Line. 35 min from Toyohashi to Hon-
Nagashino-jo Station by JR Iida Line (limited express),
and 10 min from the station to Horaiji by bus. From
the Horaiji Stop, a 40-min. walk
From Osaka :
29. [Rail] 1h 20 min from Shin-Osaka to Toyohashi Station by
Shinkansen. From Toyohashi Station, southeast of
Nagoya on the Tokaido main line, take the JR Iida line to
Yuya Onsen station (about 70 minutes by local train, or 46
minutes on the Inaji limited express). For Horaiji, exit at
Honnagashino station instead, then board the (infrequent)
Toyotetsu bus to either the Horaiji stop (an easy 15-
minute walk to the temple) or the village at the base of the
Horaiji staircase.
* Note on the signifcance of Lapis Lazuli:
“The most distinctive feature of this Medicine Buddha is his
color, the deep blue of lapis lazuli. This precious stone has
been greatly prized by Asian and European cultures for
more than six thousand years and, until relatively recently,
its ornamental value was on a par with, or even exceeded,
that of the diamond. An aura of mystery surrounds this
gemstone, perhaps because of its principal mines are
located in the remote Badakshan region of northeast
Afghanistan, an all-but-inaccessible area located behind the
Hindu Kush. One commentator has written, “the fnest
specimens of lapis, intensely blue with speckled waves and
swirls of shining gold-colored pyrite, resemble the night
aglow with myriads of stars.” Traditionally this beautiful
stone was used to symbolize that which is pure or rare.”
– Medicine Buddha and Tibetan Medicine
Sources and references:
鳳来寺山 Houraiji-san Mt Horaiji (NIPPON-KICHI)
Horaiji Temple (Japan National Tourist Organization)
30. Tenryu-Oku-Mikawa Quasi-National Park 鳳来寺山と湯谷
温泉 by Daniel Simmons
What’s Up Aichi : The Healing Waters of Yuya, The
Healing Issue 26, Autumn 2012 is a Publication of The
Aichi Prefectural Government San Francisco Offce
Bhaiṣajyaguru (Wikipedia)
Horaiji Toshogu National Treasure
Shingon Buddhism (Wikipedia)
Shingon Buddhism by David Moreton
Ancient Buddhism in Japan | SUTRAS AND CEREMONIES
IN USE IN THE SEVENTH AND EIGHTH CENTURIES
A.D. AND THEIR HISTORY IN LATER TIMES by Dr. M. W.
De Visser
Shingon-shu (Shingon Buddhism)
The Adhyardhasatika Prajnaparamita is one of the most
infuential and revered scriptures in East-Asian esoteric
Buddhism. Known as the RishukyM, this sktra, in its
Chinese version by Amoghavajra, has been for centuries
been at the core of the Shingon liturgy in Japan. Its Sanskrit
text, however, was known until recently only through a
fragmentary Central-Asian manuscript studied by Ernst
Leumann in early twentieth century. This volume presents a
critical edition of the Adhyardhasatika based on the a newly
available photocopy, kept at the China Tibetology Research
Center (Beijing), of a newly available Sanskrit manuscript
31. from Tibet. Also edited in this volume is the Tibetan version
of the text, Zes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa’i tshul brgya lna
bcu pa, using fourteen exemplars of Kanjur and a
Dunhuang manuscript. The introduction to the edition
includes a survey of previous studies of on the
Adhyardhasatika, a description of the materials used, as
well as remarks on the distinctive features of the Sanskrit
text. See (source: Austrian Academy of Sciences)
of Sanskrit Texts from the Tibetan Autonomous Region
5 2009, ca. XVIII+100 Seiten, 24×15,5cm, broschiert
Houraiji temple
Houraiji is a Buddhist temple of Shingon Buddhism, a
major school of Japanese Buddhism, and is located
about 30 km northeast of Toyohashi city.
The temple is near the top of Mount Houraiji (684 meters
high). So the surrounging lands are steep and covered
with forests.
It was founded in 702.
And from the 13th to the 19th ceturies, this temple had
developed under the aegis of the governments.
In 1651, Toshoguu Shrine enshrining Ieyasu Tokugawa,
the founder of Edo government, as a god, was built.
So the branch route to make a pilgrimage from Tokaido
route was set up, and many worshippers visited here.
In the late 19th century, this area became the main one of
the shrine by government policy.
Only a little area for the temple was permitted, but the
temple had declined.
In 1915, the main temple was destroyed by fre, but it was
32. rebuilt in 1974.
In this mountain, there are only Toshoguu Shrine, rebuilt
main temple and a few old buildings.
The main route to the temple is from the southwest foot
of the mountain.
Along the approach through the small temple town, there
are some ryokans and shops.
But you must walk up 1,425 stone steps from there to the
temple.
If you travel by rental car, the road called Houraiji Park
Way leads to around the temple, from Yuya hot spring
resort at the eastern foot of the mountain.
A walking trail passing through the temples, Toshogu, the
top of Mount Houraiji and a few observatories is set up.
The length is about 3 km, but it is hilly hiking course.
In the temple town, there is Horaijisan natural science
Museum.
It introduces the animals and plants inhabiting Mount
Houraiji.
Since old times, people had listened to any bird singing
"buts-pou-sou" around Mount Houraiji.
In Japanese, "buts" means "Buddha", "hou" (pou) menas
"teaching of Buddha", and "sou" means "priest". They are
called the three treasures of Buddhism.
In 1935, at last, it turned out to be the song of Japanese
scops owl.
A stuffed Japanese scops owl is displayed in the
museum.
Additionally, it is designated as the symbol bird of Aichi
Prefecture.
33. Yuya hot spring resort is along Hourai Gorge formed by
Ure River.
It is an old hot spring opened about 1,300 years ago, and
there are about a dozen hotels and ryokans.
How to get to here
By railroad
•To Houraiji (Temple town), get off at Hon-Nagashino
station on JR Iida Line. From Toyohashi, about 38
minutes by limited express "Inaji", about 1 hour by
local train.
Then by route bus, about 8 minutes from Hon-
Nagashino station.
•To Yuya hot spring resort, get off at Yuya-onsen station
on JR Iida Line. From Toyohashi, about 45 minutes by
limited express "Inaji", about 1 hour and 10 minutes
by local train.
By car
Run on Tomei Expressway, and exit at Toyokawa Exit.
About 28 km from there.
http://japanesemythology.wordpress.com/tales-of-an-
ascetic-mountain-the-legend-of-the-levitating-monk-of-
mt-horaiji/
Houraiji templo
Houraiji es un templo budista del budismo Shingon, una
importante escuela de budismo japonés, y se encuentra a
unos 30 km al noreste de la ciudad de Toyohashi.
El templo está cerca de la cima del monte Houraiji (684
metros de altura). Así las tierras son empinadas y
cubiertas de bosques.
Fue fundada en 702.
34. Y desde el 13 hasta siglo 19, este templo se había
desarrollado bajo la égida de los gobiernos.
En 1651, Toshoguu Santuario consagrar Ieyasu
Tokugawa, el fundador del gobierno de Edo, como un
dios, fue construido.
Así que la ruta rama para hacer una peregrinación desde
la ruta Tokaido fue creado, y muchos adoradores visitó
aquí.
A fnales del siglo 19, esta zona se convirtió en el
principal de la ermita por la política gubernamental.
Sólo se permitió una pequeña zona para el templo, pero
el templo había disminuido.
En 1915, el principal templo fue destruido por el fuego,
pero fue reconstruido en 1974.
En esta montaña, sólo hay Toshoguu Santuario, templo
principal reconstruida y algunos edifcios antiguos.
La ruta principal al templo es desde el pie al suroeste de
la montaña.
A lo largo del enfoque a través de la pequeña ciudad del
templo, hay algunos huéspedes japonesas y tiendas.
Pero tienes que subir 1425 escalones de piedra de allí al
templo.
Si viaja en coche de alquiler, la calle se llama Houraiji
Park Way lleva a los alrededores del templo, de Yuya
complejo de aguas termales al pie oriental de la montaña.
Una ruta de senderismo que pasa a través de los
templos, Toshogu, la cima del monte Houraiji y algunos
observatorios se establezca. La longitud es de unos 3
km, pero es el senderismo recorrido ondulado.
En el templo de la ciudad, hay Horaijisan Museo de
Ciencias Naturales.
Introduce los animales y plantas que habitan en el monte
Houraiji.
35. Desde tiempos antiguos, la gente había escuchado algún
canto de un pájaro "peros-pou-sou" alrededor del Monte
Houraiji.
En japonés, "peros" signifca menas "Buda", "hou" (pou)
"La enseñanza de Buda", y "sou" signifca "sacerdote".
Se les llama los tres tesoros del budismo.
En 1935, por fn, que resultó ser la canción del japonés
autillo.
Un autillo japonesa rellena se muestra en el museo.
Adicionalmente, se señala como el ave símbolo de la
Prefectura de Aichi.
Yuya complejo termal está a lo largo Hourai Gorge
formada por el río Ure.
Es un antiguo manantial abierto hace unos 1.300 años, y
hay una docena de hoteles y huéspedes japonesas.
¿Cómo llegar a aquí
Por ferrocarril
Para Houraiji (Ciudad de los templos), bajar en la estación
Hon-Nagashino en JR Iida Line. Desde Toyohashi, unos
38 minutos en limitada express "Inaji", alrededor de 1
hora en tren de cercanías.
Luego de autobús de ruta, de unos 8 minutos de la
estación Hon-Nagashino.
Para Yuya complejo de aguas termales, bajar en la
estación onsen-Yuya en JR Iida Line. Desde Toyohashi, a
unos 45 minutos en expreso limitado "Inaji", alrededor de
1 hora y 10 minutos en tren de cercanías.
En coche
Ejecutar en autopista Tomei, y salir en Toyokawa Salir.
Cerca de 28 km de allí.
http://www.jnto.go.jp/eng/location/spot/shritemp/horaiji.h
36. tml
Uno lee la información de internet y como casi siempre te
llevas un chasco, después de hacer un viaje por la nueva
autopista de Nagoya Tokyo nos adentramos en carreteras
estrechas de montañas y súper peligrosas para ir solo a
visitar este templo, cuando leo siglo 7 piensa uno
encontraras algunos vestigios de los siglos en la historia del
templo Horaiji, luego ves la realidad con mucha pena actual
de Japón aquello esta se cae a pedazos , en ruinas , las
casas abandonas el viaje costoso sobre todo el peaje de
autopista unos 7.000 yenes, el aparcamiento 500 yenes,
mas gasolina (menos mal el auto es eléctrico,suma y todo
cuesta un ojo de la cara y luego te encuentras un lugar
precioso en cuanto al paisaje donde esta situados los
recintos de los templos (destruidos por el paso del tiempo
en incendios ...) triste ve tantos templos de esa forma....
Nagoya 28 mayo 2014 Paco Barberá