9. Fig. 7-16-1 EXTRACELLULAR FLUID [Na + ] high [K + ] low Na + Na + Na + [Na + ] low [K + ] high CYTOPLASM Cytoplasmic Na + binds to the sodium-potassium pump . 1
10. Na + binding stimulates phosphorylation by ATP. Fig. 7-16-2 Na + Na + Na + ATP P ADP 2
11. Fig. 7-16-3 Phosphorylation causes the protein to change its shape. Na + is expelled to the outside. Na + P Na + Na + 3
12. Fig. 7-16-4 K + binds on the extracellular side and triggers release of the phosphate group. P P K + K + 4
13. Fig. 7-16-5 Loss of the phosphate restores the protein’s original shape. K + K + 5
14. Fig. 7-16-6 K + is released, and the cycle repeats. K + K + 6
18. Co-transport: actief transport gedreven door een concentratie gradient ATP gedreven H + pomp brengt H + over membraan tegen gradi ë nt in. Deze H + gradi ë nt levert energie om sucrose tegen gradi ë nt in naar binnen te brengen.
19. Fig. 7-19 Proton pump – – – – – – + + + + + + ATP H + H + H + H + H + H + H + H + Diffusion of H + Sucrose-H + cotransporter Sucrose Sucrose