The document discusses the role of policy, legislation, and institutional frameworks in promoting sustainable renewable energy development in South Africa. It analyzes literature and interviews to understand how these factors determine energy sector outcomes and the pace of transforming South Africa's energy system. South Africa faces challenges of electricity undersupply and lack of renewable infrastructure implementation, inconsistent with sustainable development goals. Developing renewable solutions offers benefits to both public and private sectors by ensuring sustainable energy access and capacity. Fulfilling South Africa's national energy policy requires transforming the energy sector, which environmentalists strongly support.