Early History of Computer One of the earliest and most well-known devices was an abacus. Then in 1822, the father of computers, Charles Babbage began developing what would be the first mechanical computer. And then in 1833 he actually designed an Analytical Engine which was a general-purpose computer.

1. Computers have been evolved based on the type of
components used in the design.

2. Generation of the Computer
First – generation Computer
(1946- 1959)
The Electronic Numeric Integrator and Calculation (ENIAC).
Second-generation Computer
(1959 – 1965)
Transistor
Third-generation Computer
(1965 – 1971)
Integrated Circuit (IC)
Forth-generation Computer (1971-
1980)
Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) Circuit
Fifth-generation Computers (1980
- onwards)
Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI)

3. First-generation Computer (1959 – 1965)
Electronic Numeric Integrator and
Calculation (ENIAC)
● Considered to be the first-generation
computer.
● Designed by J. Presper Eckert and John W.
Mauchly from the University of Pennsylavania
and financed by the United State Army.
● ENIAC was a modular computer, composed
of several panels capable of performing
different functions.
● It could only store limited or small amount of
information and only do arithmetic operation.
● The computers was roughly 167 square
meter in size, and weight 27 tons.

4. Second-generation Computer (1946 – 1959)
● Transistor was used as the interior sections of
the computers.
● Transitor was much smaller, faster, and more
dependable than the vacuum tubes of the first-
generation computer.
● They generate loss heat and consumed less
electricity but were still very costly.

5. Third-generation Computer (1965 – 1971)
● Jack Kilby invented the integrated circuit (IC)
● A single IC has many transistors, resistor, and
capacitor that even the full circuit board of a
trasistor can be relaced entirely with one chip.
● This Third generation, remote processing, time-
sharing, and multiprogramming operating
system are used.

6. Forth-generation Computer (1971 – 1980)
● Very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuit were
used to build computers.
● These circuit have about 5,000 transistors and
other circuit elements with their connected
circuits on a single chip known as the
microprocessor.
● These became more powerful, dense, reliable,
and inexpensive.
● The other application of this microprocessor
technology can be used and applied for pocket
calculator, television sets, automotive devices,
and audio and video appliances.

7. Fifth-generation Computer (1980 – onwards)
● The VLSI technology involved into whatis
called ultra larg-scale integration(ULSI)
technology, with the manufacture of micro
processor chips having 10 milion electronic
components.
● This generation involves computer intelligence
which is associated with artificial intelligence
(AI), natural language, and expert systems that
interpret the means and practices of producing
computers computers that think like human
beings.

8. What makes the computers
works?

9. COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
● Hardware - pertains to the computer’s
physical devices.
● Input devices - enter or send data and
instructions from user or from another
computers system on the internet.
Most common and important input devices:
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Microphone
 Scanner
 Digital camera
 PC video camera

10. COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
● Output devices -- Is any hardware
component that transmits infromation to one
or more people
Most common and important output devices:
 Printer
 Speaker
 Monitor
a. Cathode ray tube (CRT)
b. Liquid crystal display
c. Light-emitting diode (LED)

11. Types of Monitor
Cathode ray tube
(CRT) Liquid crystal display Light-emitting diode
(LED)

12. COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
● System Unit - is the enclosure composed of
the main elements of a computer that are
used to administer data.
● Storage devices - a computer can be
utilized with only processing, memory, input,
and output devices.
Types of storage devices:
 Flash disk drive – a small portable
device often referred to as pen
drives, thumb drives, or jump drives.
- It has a capacity of 2GB, 4GB,
8GB, 16GB, 32GB, 64GB, 128GB,
1TB, and now up to 2TB.

13. COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER
Hard disk drive – most common personal
computers have at least one non-removable
hard disk that is regarded as non-volatile
memory which permanetly stores and retrieves
data.
Compact disc – it is a flat, round, and portable
metal disc.