History and-meaning-of-international-law refrensi for International law

1. INTRODUCTION
(History, Characteristic, Model, Term,
Meaning of International Law)
Cekli Setya Pratiwi, SH.,LL.M.

2. Content
1. History and International Law
Development
2. Int Law Characteristic
3. Int Law Model
4. Terms of Int Law
5. Meaning of Int Law
6. Relation between Int Law and National
Law

3. 1. History and Int Law Development
• Classic Int Law
– 4000 SM
– Relation between individual
– Relation between nations
– The object of relation was
simple
– The form of community
was as city states for
example in Italy:
• Modern Int Law
- After 20- now
- Relation between the Int Law
subjects (i.e. State, Int
Organization, Individual)
- The object of relation is more
complex
- The form of community is state
and a kind of state such as
belligerent, Liberalization
Movement

4. HI Modern ditandai dengan:
• Perjanjian Perdamaian Wesphalia (1618- 1648)
• The end of Thirty Yaers War in Europe
• Separation between state and churce
• Based on National interest
• The relation between state is coordinate
• France Rev. And America Rev.
• Konperensi Perdamaian (1856) dan Konperensi Jenewa (1864),
Konferensi Den Haag (1899).
• The development of International Arbitrate
• PD I ---- Perjanjian Versailles
• The development of League of Nations
• PD II
• The development of United Nations Organition
• Perjanjian Briand Kellocg Pact (1928) : War do not allow to be
used as a way to gain national interest.

5. 2. Int Law Characteristic
• The rule of molarilty
– Do not have legislative
body
– Do not have judicative
body
– Do not have executive
body
– Sanctions do not exist
• International Law
– Law is not always made by
legislative body (i.e.
Internasional),
– General Assembly of
United Nations mostly act
as legislative body
– There are Int Court of
Justice, Int Criminal Court,
Int Arbitrate that act as
judicative body
– There is a Security Council
that act as Int Police
– Embargo does exist

6. John Austin opinion??
• “Every law or rule (Taken with largest
signification which can be given to term
properly) is command ……”
1. HI bukan hukum dalam arti yang
sebenarnya :“Properly so called”
2. HI segolongan dengan :
“ The Laws for honor, The Laws set
by fashion, sebagai Rules of positive
morality”

7. Discussion
Do you agree with John Austin
opinion regarding to International
Law mentioned above?

8. 3. Int Law Model
• General Int Law
• Specific Int Law
• Regional Int Law
• Int Law
• World Law
• Int Public Law
• Int Privat Law

9. 4. Terms of Int Law
• Romawi : Ius Gentium, Ius Inter Gentes
• Indonesia : Hk. Bangsa-bangsa, Hk. Antar
Bangsa, Hk. Antar Negara, Hukum Internasional
• English : International Law, common
Law, Law of mankind, Law of Nation,
Transnational Law (Inggris).
• France : Droit de gens
• Ducth : Voelkenrecht.
• Germany : Woelkrrecht.

10. Discussion
Why the used of International Law
term is better that the used of Law
of nation?

11. 5. Meaning of Int Law
• Pandangan klasik : “system
Hk. yang mengatur hubungan negara-negara.”
• b. Prof. Hyde :
“sekumpulan hukum, yang sebagaian
besar terdiri dari asas-asas dan
peraturan-peraturan tingkah laku yang
mengikat negara-negara, karena itu
biasanya ditaati dalam hubungan
negara-negara satu sama lain.”
• c. J.L. Brierly[ : “
himpunan kaidah-kaidah dan asas-asas
tindakan yang mengikat bagi
negara-negara beradab dalam
hubungan mereka satu sama liannya.”
• d. Oppenheim :
“International law is the name of the
body of customary and treaty rules
which are of considered legally binding
by states in their intercourse which
each other”.
• e. Max Rosense
:”International law is a strict term
of art, connoting that system of law
whose primary function it is to regulate
the relation of stateswhic one another
“.
• G. Schwarzenberger : “
International law is the body of legal
rules binding upon sovereign state and
such other en tities as have been
granted International personality”.
• f. Prof. Dr. Mochtar Kusumaatmadja,
SH.,L.L.M. : “keseluruhan kaidah-kaidah
dan asas-asas yang mengatur
hubungan atau persoalan yang
melintasi batas- batas negara antara:
– NEGARA dengan NEGARA;
– NEGARA dengan SUBYEK
HUKUM LAIN BUKAN NEGARA;
– SUBYEK HUKUM BUKAN
NEGARA satu dengan YANG
LAIN.
•

12. Discussion
Can you make a definition of
International Law on your own
words?