Heroes follow a common journey or monomyth according to Joseph Campbell. This journey typically involves (1) an ordinary world that gets disrupted by (2) a call to adventure, which the hero initially refuses but then (3) accepts. Upon accepting the call, the hero enters (4) the unknown and receives (5) supernatural aid as they face various (6) tests and a supreme ordeal before achieving a (7) reward upon returning home a changed person.

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HERO AND HEROINE
Presented by :
1. Sudarmono 157835053
2. Vidi Apsari P.N 157835061

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DEFINITION
• Hero ( male ) , heroine ( female ) is a person who is admired for
having done something very brave or having achieved something
great
(Cambridge Advance Learner’s Dictionary )
• A hero (masculine) or heroine (feminine) is a person or character
who, in the face of danger and adversity or from a position of
weakness, displays courage, bravery or self-sacrifice—that is,
heroism—for some greater good; a man or woman of distinguished
courage or ability, admired for his or her brave deeds and noble
qualities.
( Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on
Perseus Digital Library)

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Etymology
• The word hero comes from the Greek ἥρως (hērōs), "hero,
warrior", particularly one such as Heracles with divine
ancestry or later given divine honors. literally "protector"
or "defender".
• According to the American Heritage Dictionary of the
English Language, the Indo-European root is meaning "to
protect".
• According to Eric Partridge in Origins, the Greek word
Hērōs , in Latin seruāre, meaning to safeguard. Partridge
concludes, "The basic sense of both Hero and heroine
would therefore be 'protector'."

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TYPES OF HEROES
• Epic Hero is a man who typically embodies the greatest
characteristics of a certain culture. He is not an ordinary man, but a
man with outstanding quality and greatness about him.
( King Arthur, Harry Potter , Superman, Beowulf, El Cid, Odysseus,
Robin Hood )
• Anti-hero is a main character of a story who is flawed in some way
and often does not display admirable qualities .
( Gollum in The Lord Of The Rings )
• Tragic hero is a main character of a tragedy whose tragic flaw leads
to his or her destruction .
( In Sophocles' Oedipus the King, the titular character , Romeo in
Romeo and Juliet )

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• Superhero is a type of heroic character possessing extraordinary
talents, supernatural phenomena, or superhuman powers and is
dedicated to a moral goal or protecting the public.
( Spiderman, Batman, Hulk, Catwoman, etc )
• Folk hero is a person, who may or may not have existed, and is
famous and well liked by people, or people of a certain country.
Usually it is someone who helped the common people or fought
against the authorities, such as a bad king. People tells stories about
folk heroes, most of their stories have been passed down orally, and
changed to fit the situations.
( Robin Hood, Si Pitung, Gajahmada, etc)

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The Monomyth of Heroes
Joseph Campbell, an American mythological researcher,
wrote a famous book entitled The Hero with a Thousand
Faces. Campbell discovered many common patterns running
through hero myths and stories from around the world.
This common structure is called as “the monomyth.” It also
can be called as Hero’s Journey.

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The Hero’s Journey
1. THE ORDINARY WORLD
Heroes exist in a world is considered ordinary or uneventful by those
who live there. Often the heroes are considered odd by those in the
ordinary world and possess some ability or characteristic that makes
them feel out-of-place.
2. THE CALL TO ADVENTURE
For heroes to begin their journeys, they must be called away from the
ordinary world. Most heroes show a reluctance to leave their home,
their friends, and their life to journey on a quest. But in the end they
accept their destiny.
3. REFUSAL OF THE QUEST
During the Call to Adventure heroes are given a task or quest which
only they can complete. They are faced with a choice: accept the quest
or deny it.

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4. ACCEPTING THE CALL
Once the adventure is accepted, the heroes advance into the next
stage of their journey.
5. ENTERING THE UNKNOWN
As they embark on their journey, the heroes enter a world they have
never experienced before
6. SUPERNATURAL AID
Supernatural doesn’t have to mean magical. There are plenty of hero
stories that don’t have wizards or witches. Supernatural simply means
“above the laws of nature.”

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7. TALISMAN
A Special (and often magical) items that assist the heroes on their
quest.
8. ALLIES/HELPERS
Every hero needs a helper, much like every superhero needs a sidekick.
Without the assistance of their companions and helpers along the way,
most heroes would fail miserably
9. TESTS & THE SUPREME ORDEAL
The heroes progress through a series of tests, a set of obstacles that
make them stronger, preparing them for their final showdown
.

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10. REWARD AND THE JOURNEY HOME
Typically, there is a reward given to heroes for passing the Supreme
Ordeal. It is a reward for the heroes’ endurance and strength. After
completing the task and have the reward, then they return home.
11. MASTER OF TWO WORLDS/ RESTORING THE WORLD
Success on the heroes’ quest is life-changing, for them and often for
many others. By achieving victory, they have changed or preserved
their original world.

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Si Pitung
• Bang Piun and Pok Piah living in a little village called Rawabelong.
They had a son, named Si Pitung.
• One day, when he was grown up, Si Pitung was famous in Betawi
people as a big hearted hero. He‘s done comitting robbery to share
to poor.
• He was the most-wanted. , Si Pitung’s action was found by a Dutch
Policemans. He was reported to his commander.
• The Dutch police got angry. They went to Haji Naipin, Si Pitung’s
teacher to reveal the secret of Si Pitung.
• A group of police attacked him. Then there was a fight. The one of
the policeman threw away an egg to Si Pitung. At last, Si Pitung
died
- T

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