Heart lab pharma 1 lab 7 (1) (1) (1).ppt
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This document describes an experiment using isolated frog hearts to determine the site of action of different cardiac stimulant and depressant drugs. The experiment uses agonists and blockers at beta, nicotinic, and muscarinic receptors to test whether unknown drugs act directly on the heart or via one of these receptor types. The procedure involves removing the heart from a pithed frog and perfusing it with Ringer's solution while recording contractions. Agonists are added alone and with blockers to identify the receptor that mediates any effects of unknown drugs.
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Heart lab pharma 1 lab 7 (1) (1).ppt
This document describes a laboratory experiment to determine the site of action of different cardiac stimulant and depressant drugs using an isolated frog heart. The experiment uses agonists and blockers specific to the beta, nicotinic, and muscarinic receptors. A series of steps are followed to test if an unknown drug acts on one of these receptor types by examining its effect alone and in combination with agonists and blockers. The results would help identify if the unknown drug is an agonist for a specific receptor or if it acts directly on the heart muscle.
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Heart lab pharma 1 lab 7 (1) (1).ppt
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This document describes an in vitro study examining the dose-response relationship of acetylcholine on a frog rectus abdominis muscle preparation. The experiment involves isolating a frog rectus abdominis muscle, hanging it in an organ bath containing oxygenated Ringer's solution, and measuring the muscle's contractions in response to increasing doses of acetylcholine from 0.1 ml to 1.6 ml. By measuring the peak heights of contraction at each dose, a dose-response curve can be generated to assess the muscle's maximum response to the drug.
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tox lab Corrosives.ppt
This document summarizes different classes of corrosive substances including their physical properties, mechanisms of corrosion, clinical manifestations, management, and effects on the intestine. It describes acids like sulfuric and nitric acid, bases like sodium hydroxide, and oxidants like hydrogen peroxide and iodine. Each corrosive is defined with its characteristics like viscosity, odor, and color. Their mechanisms involve reactions with proteins, hemoglobin, lipids that can cause liquefaction, discoloration, or saponification of tissues. Clinical effects vary by site of contact and can include burning, vomiting, perforation, edema, and destruction of the esophagus, stomach, eyes or skin. Management involves dilution, demulcents
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Heart lab pharma 1 lab 7 (1) (1) (1).ppt
- 1. • Pharmacology 1 (PO502) • Fall 2022/2023 Lab 7 Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology
- 2. Determination of the site of action of Different cardiac stimulant & depressant drugs using Isolated Frog Heart
- 3. M2 NN NN 1 Drugs Depressants Stimulants Nn agonist (e.g. Dil. nicotine) β-agonist (e.g. Isoprenaline) M agonist (e.g. Ach) Direct stimulant Direct depressant H2 receptor stimulant (histamine)
- 4. Setup
- 5. -ve chronotropic -ve chronotropic -ve inotropic -ve inotropic Depressants Stimulants +ve chronotropic +ve chronotropic +ve inotropic +ve inotropic
- 6. Agonists and blockers used in the experiment Receptor Agonist Blocker β Isoprenaline Propranolol Nn Dil. nicotine NLD chlorisondamine M Ach Atropine
- 7. Steps to test if a drug acts on a certain receptor UNK AGONIST AGONIST BLOCKER Start If no action Unk acts on the blocked receptor If there is still action Unk doesn’t act on the blocked receptor Test another receptor (if possible)
- 8. Why is the agonist added after the blocker? To test for complete blockade of the receptor. Why is the agonist added before the blocker? To test for the sensitivity of the receptor to the added agonist.
- 9. PROCEDURE 1. A toad is pithed, its chest is opened and a cannula is introduced in the sinus venous . 2. The heart is removed out of the toad and perfused through the cannula by Ringer’s solution. 3. Cardiac contractions are recorded on a drum. 4. There is no need to maintain the perfusion fluid at a constant temperature because the toad is a cold blooded animal.
- 10. a) If the unk is stimulant: - Add Isoprenaline - Add the following 3 consecutively No stimulation Unk is β agonist Stimulation Unk is directly acting Prop Isop Unk
- 11. Unk is DIRECT Unk is β1 agonist Unk Isop Prop Isop Unk
- 12. b) If the unknown is depressant: Test for nicotinic action: - Add dil. Nicotine - Add the following 3: No depression Unk is Nn agonist Depression continue the experiment NLD Dil. nic. Unk
- 13. Test for muscarinic action: - Add Ach - Add the following 3: No depression Unk is M agonist Depression Unk is directly acting Atrop. Ach Unk
- 14. 0.1 Dil. Nic. 0.1 NLD 0.1 Dil. Nic 0.1 Unk 0.1 Unk Site of action: Nicotinic agonist Unknown may be Dil nicotine
- 15. 0.1 Dil. Nic. 0.1 NLD 0.1 Dil. Nic. 0.1 Unk 0.1 Unk 0.1 ACh 0.1 Atrop 0.1 ACh 0.1 Unk Site of action: Muscarinic agonist Unknown may be ACh
- 16. 0.1 Ach 0.1 NLD 0.1 Atrop 0.1 Unk 0.1 Dil. Nic. 0.1 Dil. Nic. 0.1 Unk 0.1 ACh 0.1 Unk Site of action: Direct acting Depressant
- 17. Examples
- 19. The unknown drug is ……………
- 20. The unknown drug is ……………
- 21. The unknown drug is ……………
- 23. The unknown drug produces cardiac stimulation via activation of which receptors?.....................
- 24. The unknown drug is ……………
- 25. The unknown drug is ……………
- 26. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- Depressants
- Depressants
- Direct stimulant
- Nicotinic agonist
- Cardiac stimulant
- B-receptors
- Direct stimulant
- H2 agonist