Health urban planning inroad to local health development who - 2008
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Urban planning can significantly impact health in cities. Factors like transportation options, access to open space, housing quality, and food availability influence health issues ranging from respiratory diseases to obesity. The document discusses how urban planning century ago considered public health but then the fields separated. It argues planning and health should be reunited and provides examples of how planning can encourage physical activity and social cohesion to promote community health. The World Health Organization advocates for healthy urban planning principles like equity, sustainability, and community involvement to address challenges in cities and improve population health.
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Health urban planning inroad to local health development who - 2008
- 1. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Healthy Urban Planning: in-roadHealthy Urban Planning: in-road to local health developmentto local health development WHO Healthy CitiesWHO Healthy Cities Geoff Green Elisabeth Bengtsson Agis Tsouros
- 2. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Challenges in CitiesChallenges in Cities Growing health concerns in cities include Poverty and social exclusion Violence and Safety Pollution of air, water and land Substandard housing and unhealthy planning Poor employment conditions Stress and Sedentary lifestyles Poor quality food The unmet needs of vulnerable groups Lack of public involvement in decisions Growing inequalities
- 3. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth How does Urban PlanningHow does Urban Planning affect health?affect health? L o c a l H o s p i t a l ?
- 4. WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Cities and Urban Policy How does Urban Planning affect health? Physical factors (some examples) Links Associated health issues • Road severance • Lack of facilities in neighbourhood (shops, places to go) • Lack of local informal recreational opportunities (allotments, play parks) • Unattractive, poorly designed pedestrian routes (road traffic dominated routes) • Poor insulation, waste of solar insolation • Lack of opportunity for food growing • Lack of opportunity for informal interaction in the community • Isolation Mental wellbeing • Air-polluted local walking environments • Fuel poverty Respiratory disease • Lack of regular exercise • Food deserts, poor diet Heart disease and Obesity issues
- 5. WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Cities and Urban Policy Healthy Urban Planning in Manchester A century ago towing planning and public health were working closely together but then they went their separate ways 1853 2003 Typhoid Cholera Dysentery Scrofula Asthma Obesity Stress & mental health Heart disease “Traffic will be to 21st century public health what sewage was to 19th century public health”
- 7. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth How does Urban PlanningHow does Urban Planning affect health?affect health?
- 10. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Healthy Urban PlanningHealthy Urban Planning Key Principles: • Equity • Intersectoral cooperation • Community involvement • Sustainability • International action
- 11. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Types of toolsTypes of tools •Conceptual development •Political •Strategic •Technical
- 12. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Healthy Urban PlanningHealthy Urban Planning The twelve key health objectivesThe twelve key health objectives Do planning policies and proposals promote and encourage ? 1 . Personal lifestyles 7. Safety 2 . Social cohesion 8. Equity 3 . Housing quality 9. Air and aesthetics 4 . Access to work 10 . Water 5 . Accessibility 11 Land and minerals 6 Food 12 . Climate stability Barton & Tsourou 2000
- 13. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth 4 elements of action4 elements of action for health and sustainablefor health and sustainable development at city leveldevelopment at city level Political Commitment to the values and principles of health and sustainable development; equity and solidarity Articulate a long term vision for your city based on these qualities Systematic action to tackle the social and environmental determinants of health including Integrating health considerations Into urban planning and design Institutional processes to support partnership-based work and participative governance Local, national and international cooperation and networking
- 14. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth WHO Working with EuropeanWHO Working with European cities:cities: Themes and ToolsThemes and Tools • Healthy Ageing • Health Impact Assessment • Healthy Urban Planning • Physical Activity and Active Living • City Health Profiles • City Health Development Plans
- 15. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Healthy Urban Planning PrioritiesHealthy Urban Planning Priorities • Transport and mobility • Healthy Ageing • Neighbourhoods • Physical Activity • Strategic and Master Plans • Cross-cutting links Health Impact Assessment • Tools-commitment-innovation • awareness-capacity-applications- mainstreaming
- 16. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth How to increase physical activityHow to increase physical activity in an urban environmentin an urban environment • Transport – Cycling : Cycle paths, Cycle parks • Walking – Pedestrian areas – Walking buses – Safety of walking • Leisure time facilities – Parks – Open schools – Public or subsidised sport facilities – Safety of playgrounds • Building design – Stairs • Urban design – Positioning of services in walking distance • Traffic restrictions on weekends
- 17. ““Obesity: an epidemicObesity: an epidemic without treatment”without treatment” Urban Design can make a huge differenceUrban Design can make a huge difference in supporting physical activityin supporting physical activity
- 18. Handy PPT Bursa, Turkey
- 19. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Open space,Open space, Health and Urban planningHealth and Urban planning • Physical exercise & recreation • Social and cultural aspects – community & relationships • Psychological effects • Wildlife in cities • Organic urban food production • Air quality and noise • Water management
- 20. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth NeighbourhoodsNeighbourhoods • What does the neighbourhood mean? • Community decision making • Housing – social inclusion and diversity • Access to jobs, shopping, education and health facilities • Planning for movement • Public spaces and open space
- 21. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth Walking and CyclingWalking and Cycling • City wide level – policies to promote walking and cycling as part of a wider transport strategy • Neighbourhood level – a mix of uses and maximum opportunity to walk or cycle • Assessing a project – a checklist addressing localised issues of movement and accessibility
- 22. WHOWHOCentreforUrbanHealthCentreforUrbanHealth WHO Healthy Cities Network Phase IV (2003-2008) in the WHO European Region (Designated and Applicants) SVN BLR 12 January 2007 Seixal Amadora Geneva Milan Bologna JerusalemPadua Udine Arezzo Copenhagen Sandnes Helsingborg Stockholm Dresden Glasgow Newcastle Liverpool Manchester Sheffield Stoke-on-Trent Bursa Vienna Györ Rijeka Lodz 89 Cities 76 designated 13 applicants Yalova ÇankayaViana do Castelo Liège Belfast Camden Montijo Stirling Sunderland Turin Turku Ljubljana San Fernando de Henares Poznan Brno Brighton Horsens Eskisehir/Tepebasi Kuopio Celje Pecs Kadiköy Jurmala Aydin Brussels Avanos Vitoria-Gasteiz Kirikkale Zagreb Izhevsk Trabzon City Rennes Østfold County Council Istanbul Dublin Leganés Sant Andreau de la Barca Siena ÜrgüpAthens Cheboksary Dimitrovgrad NovocheboksarskKaunas Kuressaare Yevpatoria Venice Pärnu Salamanca Bartin Galway Stavropol Cherepovets Kinel-Cherkassy District Borjomi Gijon Barcelona Tirana Maltepe GolcükNancy Sarajevo Koper Dunkerque
Editor's Notes
- Find a poignant image / poem / quote
- Examples of good practice: Manchester clear understanding of the HUP agenda recognises the potential of HUP at a political level and has developed a clear assessment of areas of weakness identified a programme of training for internal planning officers and key city stakeholders with the aim to better integrate health into the planning application process and urban planning in general I'm involved in the preparation of the LDF, for example, but there's little in the way of images coming out of this yet; I've been contributing to some local guidance, including the Development Guide and various Strategic Regeneration Frameworks, but again the result of this tends to be wording changed or included in documents. I'd like to say that the Development Guide is a good example of getting health considerations explicitly included in planning strategy documents, but as negotiations are still ongoing about the content of the guide I'm not sure it I've been successful in getting it changed the way we want it!