Health & safety regulation / for orthodontists by Almuzian
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The document outlines health and safety regulations that a dentist must follow, including providing instruction and training to employees, maintaining a safe work environment, and safely handling and storing hazardous substances. It also describes the main purposes of guidance documents as helping people understand and comply with the law by interpreting it and providing technical advice. Finally, it lists the seven steps required for compliance with COSHH, which controls exposure to substances hazardous to health, such as assessing risks, implementing control measures, and monitoring exposure.
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Module 1-Workshop overview
This document outlines the modules and contents of a COVID-19 management orientation course. The course covers an introduction to COVID-19 and coronaviruses, their symptoms and social distancing guidelines. It also addresses the social and economic implications of the pandemic as well as prevention and safety policies, plans, and processes for screening and managing cases in the workplace. The final modules discuss occupational health and safety governance and compliance in relation to COVID-19. The overall aim is to inform managers about the virus and its risks within the workplace context in order to implement necessary safety measures and legal compliance.
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Parry–romberg syndrome for orthodontist by almuzian
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STO prediction in Orthodontics by almuzian
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Parry–Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare developmental disorder characterized by the progressive shrinking of tissues on one side of the face. It typically begins with a patch of hardened skin on the forehead that leads to an indentation resembling a sword wound on the affected side of the face. In addition to facial atrophy, it can cause neurological and eye problems. While the cause is unknown, genetic and autoimmune factors may play a role. Treatment aims to stop further progression and repair facial deformities through immunosuppressants or reconstructive procedures once stabilization is achieved.
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Marfan syndrome for orthodontist by almuzian
Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder of connective tissue that affects the heart, eyes, bones and other tissues. It is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Diagnosis is based on the Ghent criteria, which looks for major and minor clinical features in different organ systems. Common signs and symptoms include elongated limbs, scoliosis, eye problems like retinal detachment, heart issues like mitral valve prolapse and aortic aneurysm, and skeletal issues like joint hypermobility and pain. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on managing heart and eye complications through medication and surgery.
Lingual orthodontic appliances / for orthodontists by Almuzian
Lingual appliances were developed in 1975 and can be fully or semi-customized to the patient. They use smaller wire sequences due to reduced interbracket distances. Advantages include aesthetics and efficiency in overbite reduction, while disadvantages include cost, difficulty with cleaning and speech, and variable lingual morphology.
The Incognito system is a fully customized lingual appliance where vertical slots are used anteriorly and horizontal slots posteriorly. Indirect bonding is used initially and extractions are done after bonding. Occlusal pads provide greater bond strength and allow direct rebonding if needed. Control splints can improve anchorage. Common wire sequences are initially 0.014" NiTi, followed by 0.
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The document summarizes research on post-adolescent facial growth. It finds that:
- Facial growth, including increases in dimensions of bones and soft tissues, continues throughout adulthood, though at a slower pace than during adolescence.
- Males experience more prominent vertical changes while females show more horizontal changes. Chin position moves forward in both sexes but more so in males.
- Dental changes also occur in adulthood, such as uprighting of teeth and slight increases in overbite, to compensate for facial growth and maintain occlusion.
- Soft tissues like lips and nose continue growing and changing position into adulthood.
Facial anthropometry / for orthodontists by Almuzian
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The document discusses key concepts in occlusion and orthodontics including ideal occlusion, malocclusion, static and functional occlusion. It describes Andrews' six keys of ideal occlusion and Roth's six keys of functional occlusion. The importance of functional tooth contacts is discussed along with types of articulators used in orthodontics and their indications.
Self ligating brackets for orthodontists by Almuzian
1. Self-ligating brackets have an in-built metal face that can be opened and closed to secure archwires.
2. Early self-ligating brackets from the 1930s were prone to breakage but new designs since 2000 aim to improve strength and functionality.
3. Advantages of self-ligating brackets over conventional brackets include lower friction allowing for faster treatment times, better oral hygiene, and improved control of tooth movement. However, several studies found no significant differences in treatment duration or outcomes between the two bracket types.
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Introduction
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Safe Entry and Exit: Employers must make proper arrangements for safe entry and exit from the workplace, ensuring efficient evacuation procedures during emergencies.
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Environmental Protection: Enterprises that use or manufacture chemical materials must manage them in a way that avoids adverse effects on local animals, vegetation, humans, and the environment.
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This document provides an overview of the book "Planets of Orthodontics Volume 2: Diagnosis and Treatment Planning" which covers topics related to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. It lists the authors and contributors to the book and provides information on the book's contents, preface, and table of contents. The table of contents indicates that the book will cover topics such as facial and smile analysis, imaging techniques in orthodontics, cephalometric analysis, and diagnosis and treatment planning. It aims to answer questions about various aspects of orthodontics through aggregating knowledge from experienced orthodontists.V3- PLANETS OF ORTHODONTICS- Volume III- Biomechanics and Tooth Movement (1).pdf
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Orthodontic treatment provides several benefits, though some claims lack strong evidence:
1. It can improve self-esteem in patients with Class II malocclusions in the short-term, but does not affect long-term psychological well-being.
2. While it may improve mastication in open bite cases, compensation occurs in most malocclusions without functional issues.
3. It can help speech issues related to specific traits, but cannot ensure resolution without speech therapy.
4. It does not reduce TMD risk or symptoms, though may temporarily relieve symptoms during treatment.
5. Interceptive treatment can prevent trauma and loss of primary teeth but does not necessarily reduce trauma risk.
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2. Components and characteristics of common orthodontic appliances are defined, such as types of bracket bases and configurations. Appliance indications, advantages, and limitations are outlined.
3. The document is intended as a reference for orthodontic trainees and includes chapters on specific appliances like the Begg appliance, removable appliances, clear aligners, headgear, and facemasks. Each chapter provides a brief overview
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This document provides an overview of craniofacial development from embryology through growth and development of the dentition and occlusion. It is authored by several specialists in orthodontics and contains 13 chapters on topics ranging from embryology and prenatal development to theories of craniofacial growth and anomalies affecting tooth and bone development. The goal is to establish the essential components of orthodontics by covering growth, development and research foundations. It acknowledges contributors and aims to answer questions across the breadth of orthodontics.
Almuzian notes
This one sentence document provides a link to up-to-date orthodontic notes created by Almuzian. Clicking the link will access Almuzian's Orthodontic Notes hosted on the orthodonticacademy.co.uk domain.
Surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion by Almuzian
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Surgical Treatment Objective by Almuzian
1. There are several methods for predicting outcomes of orthognathic surgery, including manual tracings, computer programs, and 3D modeling.
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3. Studies have found most software to be reasonably accurate for hard tissue predictions but with more variability for soft tissues like lips and less ability to account for individual patient differences.
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This document summarizes distraction osteogenesis (DO), which is a process where new bone is formed between bone segments that are gradually separated. DO involves three phases: a latency phase, distraction phase where the bone is slowly separated, and consolidation phase where the new bone mineralizes. It discusses the history and applications of DO, including for lengthening of long bones and the mandible. Key advantages are that it allows for larger movements than traditional bone grafts and avoids prolonged fixation. Potential complications include non-compliance, pain, premature consolidation, and neurological damage.
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Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by deformities of the face, eyes, ears and jaw. It is caused by mutations in the TCOF1 gene. Clinical features include downward slanting eyes, ear abnormalities, cleft palate and a recessed chin. Treatment involves surgery to reconstruct facial structures and manage airway issues in infancy. Further reconstructive surgeries are often needed as the child grows. Prognosis is good with treatment, though facial differences typically remain.
Tessier classification for orthodontist by Almuzian
In 1976, Paul Tessier published a classification system for facial clefts based on their anatomical position. The Tessier classification system categorizes 15 types of clefts into four groups: midline clefts, paramedian clefts, orbital clefts, and lateral clefts. It describes clefts at both the soft tissue and bone levels. The midline clefts run vertically along the facial midline, the paramedian clefts are similar but further from the midline, the orbital clefts involve the orbit, and the lateral clefts run horizontally on the face. The classification system provides a standardized way to describe different types of facial clefts.
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1. Solitary Median Maxillary Central Incisor Syndrome (SMMCI) is characterized by the presence of a single tooth in the middle of the upper jaw where two central incisors would normally be.
2. Diagnostic criteria for SMMCI include a solitary central incisor tooth in the maxilla, a V-shaped palate, nasal obstruction in over 90% of cases, and potential issues like cleft lip/palate or holoprosencephaly.
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Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) is a rare condition characterized by the triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate. It occurs due to restricted growth of the mandible in utero, which causes the tongue to obstruct palatal fusion and the airway. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach and may include interventions like nasopharyngeal intubation, mandibular advancement, or tracheostomy to address airway and feeding issues. Long term care involves monitoring for catch-up mandibular growth and treating dentofacial abnormalities, with some studies finding persistence of mandibular deficiencies in PRS versus isolated cleft palate. Genetic assessment is also important as PR
Oro facial-digital syndromes for orthodontist by almuzian
Oro-facial-digital syndromes are a rare group of genetic disorders that affect around 1 in 50,000 people and have similar features. They are caused by mutations in different genes and are classified into eight types. Common signs include digital anomalies of the hands and feet, facial abnormalities such as frontal bossing and wide-set eyes, and oral features like cleft lip and high arched palate.
Neuro cutaneous syndrome for orthodontist by almuzian
This document discusses four neuro-cutaneous syndromes:
1. Hypomelanosis of Ito, which causes pigmentation abnormalities and limb/facial asymmetry. Management involves tissue expansion and reconstruction.
2. Tuberous sclerosis, a genetic disease causing benign tumors in organs. Symptoms include seizures and intellectual disability.
3. Neurofibromatosis type 1 causes tumors along nerves and skin abnormalities. Symptoms include café au lait spots and neurofibromas.
4. Encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis is not genetic but a vascular development anomaly causing facial angiomas and cerebral calcifications.
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Nager syndrome is similar to HFM but also includes preaxial limb anomalies such as hypoplastic or aplastic thumbs and radial hypoplasia. It also involves agenesis of the soft palate, known as the "sign post" sign, as well as ear defects and TMJ ankyloses.
Leukaemia for orthodontist by almuzian
This document discusses considerations for orthodontic treatment of patients with leukemia. Key points include:
- Leukemia treatment involves chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, and bone marrow transplants.
- Orthodontic appliances should be removed during chemotherapy due to risk of oral complications from neutropenia. Treatment can resume after remission.
- Patients who receive radiation face increased risk of osteoradionecrosis from dental extractions.
- Chemotherapy and radiation can impact dental development, resulting in enamel opacities, reduced tooth size, and disturbances to root development.
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Juvenile Chronic Arthritis (JCA), also known as juvenile idiopathic arthritis or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, has an incidence of 1 in 1000 children, predominantly affects females, and has an onset between 8 months and 14.5 years of age. The cause is unknown but may involve autoimmunity, viruses, trauma, psychological factors or heredity. Diagnosis involves arthritis in one or more joints for at least 3 months in children under 16, exclusion of other diseases, and predominant involvement of large joints like knees, wrists and ankles, which can be pauciarticular (less than 5 joints affected) or polyarticular (more than 5 joints affected). Radiographical features include fl
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Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disorder characterized by brittle bones that fracture easily from minor trauma or stress. It is caused by mutations in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes which encode type 1 collagen. Common features include bone fractures, spinal curvature, loose joints, bluish sclera, early hearing loss, and translucent teeth. Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a related condition that causes discolored, opalescent teeth that are prone to wear, breakage, and loss. Amelogenesis imperfecta is another related condition that results in abnormal enamel formation and causes teeth to have abnormal color, increased sensitivity, and rapid wear.
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Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
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