2. DEFINITION
Head injury is any trauma to the scalp, skull, or
brain.
The injury may be only a minor bump on the
skull or a serious brain injury.
It involve scalp managers or any portion of the
3. CAUSE
S
1. Traffic accident
2. Falls from height
3. Pychical assault
4. Accident at home
5. While playing sports
6. Automobile accident
7. Hard object falling
8. Hits on head by hard
object
9. Crush injury
10.Firearm related
9. TYPES OF HEAD
INJURY
• Concussion
• Contusion
• Diffuse axonal injury
• Intracranial
hemorrhage
10. CONCUSSION
•Sudden transient
mechanical head injury with
disturbance of neuronal
activity and change in loss
of consciousness
•it occur when brain
suddenly shifts inside the
skull and knocks against the
skull bony surface.
24. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
• Maintenance of breathing
• Establishment of breathing pattern
• Maintenance of blood circulation
• Assessment of neurological status by GCS
• Continuous urinary drainage by Foley's
catheterization
• Nasogastic intubation
25. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
• Continuous monitoring of neurological
status,vital signs and intracranial pressure
• Management of ICP by slight head up position,
adminstrated osmotic diuretic
• Administrated corticosteroids, antibiotics
• Prevention and treatment of convulsions
• Symptomatic treatment
26. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
• Craniotomy operation
• VP shunting
• Elevation of fracture segment is done in
depressed fracture skull
• Penetrating wound, repair of CSF leakage may
be necessary along with debridement of the
wound
27. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
• Ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion related to
increased ICP.
• Fluid volume deficit related to decrease loc and
hormonal dysfunction.
• Risk for injury related to degrees level of
consciousness.
• Knowledge deficit regarding your treatment
modalities and current situation.
• Ineffective thermoregulation regulations related to
damage of hypothalamic centres
28. • Risk for impaired skin integrity related to
compromised circulation shifting of fluid from
intra vascular to interstitial space.
• Anxiety related to outcome of diseases as
evidence by poor concentration on work ,
isolation from others ,rude behaviour..
29. NURSING MANAGEMENT
• Maintaining respiration and clearing air passage
• Maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion
• Organizing emergency measures for life saving
• Providing perioperative care related to neurosurgery with
specific precautions for patient
• Monitoring neurological status and vital functions with
appropriate recoding
• Preventing complicattion of immobility
• Maintaining nutritional and hydration status
• Educate the patient about routine care, benefits oh treatment,
full course of treatment,long term care and prevention.
30. PREVENTION AND HEALTH
EDUCATION
• Avoid speeding or driving when under the influence
of drugs or alcohol.
• Advise all drivers and passengers to wear seat belt
and shoulder harness.
• Children younger than 12 year should be restrained in
an age/size appropriate system in back seat.
• Advise motorcyclist,scooter rideres , bicyclists,
skateboarders,and roller skaters to wear helmets.
• Promote educational programs that are directed
towards violence and suicide prevention in the
