Harvard referencing is a method of acknowledging sources of information and quotations used in an assignment. It supports arguments and helps avoid plagiarism. Plagiarism is presenting another's ideas or words as your own, whether from books, articles or websites, and is a form of cheating. In-text citations identify sources in the body of the text using the author's surname and year, while a bibliography lists all sources cited at the end of the assignment in alphabetical order. Sources are referenced consistently to enable the reader to locate the original items.

1. Harvard Referencing

2. What is Harvard?
O Method of acknowledging the information
sources and quotations that you use
O Also to compile your reference list
O Used by many universities

3. Why Reference?
O Demonstrate that you have used a range of
information sources
O Support your arguments
O Enable your lecturer to find the source of
the information that you have used
O Avoid plagiarism

4. What is Plagiarism?
O When you copy another person’s ideas or
words and present them as your own work
O Applies to information that you obtain from
books, journal articles and websites
O Plagiarism is a form of cheating and is a
serious offence
O Penalty ranges from re-writing work to
being withdrawn from course

5. Examples of Plagiarism
O Copying information and including the
information in your assignment without
acknowledgment
O Summarising another author’s work by
changing a few words or the order of
ideas without referencing the source
O Copying and submitting the work of a
friend
O Purchasing and submitting an assignment
from the internet

6. How is Plagiarism
Discovered?
O When your tutor is marking your
assignment
O Style of writing will suddenly change
O Likely they will recognise the source of the
information

8. In-text Citation
O Used when you refer to an idea or quote
from a book, journal article or website
Wilson (2013) explained that…..
Department for Education (2014)
published…
Author Year

9. Quotations
O Cited in the text with the page number
O Use double quotation marks
Armstrong (2006, p.8) notes that “The overall
purpose of human resource management is to
ensure that the organization is able to achieve
success through people”
“It is no longer possible to offer stable long-term
employment.” (Taylor, 2005, p.19)
Author Year
Page
Number

10. What is a Bibliography?
O List of all of the resources that you have
read/cited
O At the end of your assignment
O Alphabetical order by author’s surname
O What information does the reader need to
find the item I have read?

11. Referencing Books
Haralambos, M. (2013) Sociology: themes
and perspectives 8th edition. London: Collins
Educational
Author Year Title
Place of
Publication Publisher

12. Referencing a Website
O Websites constantly change
O Some information may not be available such
as date published
O Include the date you accessed the site

13. Referencing Websites
Get Safe Online (2014) Mobile Banking
[online]. Available from: https://www.getsafe
online.org/protecting-yourself/mobile-
banking/ [Accessed: 14th October 2014].
Author/Name of
Organisation
Year Title
Web Address Date of access

14. Further Information
O Harvard Referencing Guide
O Study Skills for Higher
Education moodle
O Learning Centre Staff