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HAPPY ROLL NOhsyshshsuhdhduhsjs.- 137.pptx
1. PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
AND TYPES OF CULTURE
PHARMACOGNOSY PRESENTATION
Name – Happy
Class – B.Pharmacy 4th sem
Class Roll No.- 137
University Roll No.-
2022014328
Institute Of Pharmaceutical
Science kurukshetra
University, Kurukshetra
2. • PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
AND TYPES OF CULTURE
PLANT TISSUE CULTURE -
Plant tissue culture is a technique of
growing a complete plant invitro from
a part of a plant such as leaf, root,
shoot etc. in a sterile environment on a
nutrient medium.
3. • ADVANTAGES OF PLANT TISSUE
CULTURE -
The production of exact copies of plant that produce particularly good
flowers, fruits.
To quickly produce mature plants.
The production of multiples of plants in the absence of seeds.
Disease free and desired product.
Crop improvement.
5. 1. SEED CULTURE -
Seed culture is a technique in
which a complete plant or a
seedling can be generated in vitro
by taking the seed as explant.
This technique is primary used for
orchid plants as the seed of these
plants do not germinate well in in
vivo conditions.
6. • IMPORTANCE -
Increasing efficiency of germination of seed.
It is possible to independent on asymbiotic
germination.
It is important in production of orchids.
7. 2. EMBRYO CULTURE -
Embryo culture is a technique in which isolation and
development of mature or immature embryos in vitro to
produce a complete plant.
There are two types of embryo culture-
1. Mature embryo culture
2. Immature embryo culture
8. • IMPORTANCE -
It is useful in production of haploids.
It helps in prevention of seed dormancy.
It helps in shortening of breeding cycle.
9. 3. MERISTEM CULTURE -
It is the culture technique by which the apical
meristem of shoot of angiosperms and gymnosperms
are cultured to get the disease free plants.
10. • IMPORTANCE -
It helps in production of virus free plants.
It helps in Germplasm conservation.
It helps in culture of potato, banana,
cardamom, sugar cane etc.
11. 4. BUD CULTURE -
Buds contain active
meristerms in the leaf axils,
which are capable of growing
into a shoot. Each node of the
stem is cut and allowed to
grow on a nutrient media to
develop the shoot tip from the
axil which ultimately develops
into new plantlet.
12. • IMPORTANCE -
Easy step for micropropagation.
Easy method for production of disease free
plants.
Isolation of phytoconstitutes is easy.
13. 5. CALLUS CULTURE -
Callus culture is a technique through which a
complete plant is formed from undifferentiated mass
of cells under aseptic conditions of nutrition media.
14. • IMPORTANCE -
It is the source of tissue for plant regeneration.
Several biochemical assays are performed from callus
culture.
Chromosomal variation occurs genetically in the cell
of callus tissue.
15. 6. CELL SUSPENSION CULTURE -
Cell suspension culture is
defined as a uniform suspension
of separate cells in liquid
medium where agar is not used.
In this medium, callus fragments
are transferred to liquid medium
and agitated continuously to
keep the cell alive and separate.
16. • IMPORTANCE -
Suspension culture is consists of only
single cells which are physiologically and
biochemically uniform.
It helps in production of secondary
metabolites.
Shorter duration and continuous process.
17. 7. ANTHER CULTURE -
It is the in-vitro culture
technique of anther containing
microspores from unopened
flower bud or immature pollen
grains on a suitable nutrient
medium under aseptic condition
for the purpose of development
of haploid plantlets. By this
culture technique haploid cells
are obtained which is known as
androgenesis.
18. • IMPORTANCE -
It is used for mutation studies.
It is used for hybrid development.
It is used to study genetic recombination
in higher plants.
19. 8. PROTOPLAST CULTURE -
The term protoplast stands
for a cell without cell wall.
The fusion of protoplast of
two different cells by
spontaneous or induced
method is called protoplast
culture.
In this culture method,
isolated protoplasts are
cultured either in a liquid
medium or semisolid agar
medium in a thin layer or as
small drops of nutrient
medium in sterile petridish.
IMPORTANCE –
It helps in gene transfer.
This technique is used to study
Morphogenesis.
20. 9.HAIRY ROOT CULTURE -
Root culture is the culture of apical of
lateral root tips to produce in vitro
root system.
Root tip culture are maintained in an
agitated liquid medium with
appropriate auxin.
They are mainly based with the
inoculation of Argobacterium
rhizogenes to produce secondary
metabolites.
21. IMPORTANCE -
It helps in functional analysis of gene.
It also used for registration of whole planets.
It helps in production of high secondary
metabolites.
The culture expresses foreign proteins.
22. 10. IMMOBILIZED CELL CULTURE -
Immobilization of plant cells is a
method used in plant cell cultures to
induce secondary metabolite
production. In this method, plant cells
are fixed in or on a supporting
material or matrix such as agar,
agarose, calcium alginate, glass, or
polyurethane foam.
23. • IMPORTANCE -
It is used for transfer of protoplast.
It is used in synthetic seed technology.
It is cultured as single cells for longer period.
It helps in biotransformation.
