Material de apoyo para temas de division celular

1. TÓPICOS:
- The classification of living things.
- Cell división.
 COMPETENCY UNDERSTANDING USE OF SCIENTIFIC
KNOWLEDGE: identify interpret, verify
Text on Mitosis and Meiosis:
Mitosis and meiosis are two fundamental processes in cell biology that enable the reproduction
and growth of organisms. Mitosis is the process of cell division that occurs in somatic cells and results in the formation of two
daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell. It comprises four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and
telophase. During prophase, the chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane disappears. In metaphase, the
chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate. In anaphase, the chromosomes separate and move toward opposite poles of
the cell. Finally, in telophase, the chromosomes decondense and a nuclear membrane forms around each set of
chromosomes.
On the other hand, meiosis is the process of cell division that occurs in germ cells and results in the formation of four daughter
cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. Meiosis consists of two cell divisions, meiosis I and meiosis II,
each with its own stages. During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair and genetic cross-linking occurs, increasing
genetic variability. In meiosis II, the sister chromatids separate, eventually producing four haploid cells.
Referencias bibliográficas:
Campbell, N. A., Reece, J. B., Urry, L. A., Cain, M. L., Wasserman, S. A., Minorsky, P. V., & Jackson, R. B. (2008). Biología (Vol. 1).
Pearson Educación.
1. Taking into account the above text. Identify if the following questions are true or false and justify your
answer.
a) Meiosis is crucial for sexual reproduction as it produces haploid sex cells.
b) Meiosis is a process of cell division that produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell.
c) During telophase of mitosis, chromosomes condense and nuclear membranes are formed?
d) Is cytokinesis a phase of mitosis where chromosomes condense and align at the equatorial plate?
e) Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.
2. Use the following taxonomic keys to classify each of the following organisms.
Example:
Domain (Eukarya): Presence of nucleus and cellular organelles.
Kingdom (Animalia): multicellular, heterotrophic organisms with differentiated tissues.
Phylum (Chordata): presence of a vertebral column.
Class (Mammalia): Animals that have mammary glands to feed their young with milk.
Order (Cetacea): Marine mammals that have adaptations for living in water.
Family (Delphinidae): Members of this family are characterized by well-developed pectoral fins and a distinctive dorsal
fin on the back.
Domain, Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family
Taxonomic Keys.
Eukaryotic multicellular organisms that obtain energy by ingesting other organisms or organic matter.
Presence of a backbone at some point in their life cycle.
They possess a chitinous exoskeleton and articulated appendages.
They are mammals, which means that they have mammary glands to feed their young with milk.
They are insects, which means they have six legs and three body segments: head, thorax and abdomen.
They have prehensile hands and highly developed brains compared to other mammals.
They have an even number of toes on each limb.
They are lepidopterous, which means they have scales on their wings.
Members of this family have a bipedal posture and show advanced social complexity.
They are known for their long neck and spotted pattern on their skin.
They usually have bright colors and striking patterns on their wings.
LICEO CAMPESTRE THOMAS DE IRIARTE
"Educando en Valores para Formar Líderes con Calidad Humana"
STUDY GUIDE
SCIENCE FIRST TRIMESTER
AREA: CIENCIAS NATURALES
DOCENTE: Gerfried Pinto
GRADO: 6____º
ESTUDIANTE:
KEY WORDS
(Mitosis
Meiosis
Reproduction
Genetic
Variability
Cell Division
Somatic and
Germ Cells
Chromosomes

2. 3. Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis
Complete the questions in the diagram below to show the similarities and differences between mitosis and meiosis.

3.  COMPETENCY INQUIRY: infer, establish, justify
4. Questions by competency select the correct answer and justify
Mitosis and meiosis are fundamental processes in cell biology that involve the division of the cell nucleus and
the distribution of chromosomes to daughter cells. Mitosis is a cell division process that occurs in somatic cells
and results in two daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell, while meiosis is a process that occurs in
germ cells and produces four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.
A.) Considering the text, which of the following statements is true about mitosis?
a) It produces four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes.
b) It occurs in somatic cells.
c) It contributes to genetic variability.
d) It only occurs in multicellular organisms.
B.) During prophase of mitosis, which structures condense and become visible under the electron
microscope?
a) Chromosomes
b) Nuclear membrane
c) Nucleoli
d) Centrioles
 COMPETENCY EXPLANATION OF PHENOMENA: establish, relate and differentiate
5. Fill in the blanks with the key word, remember to justify each question.
taxonomic groups, species, taxonomy, taxonomy, characters, genus, evolutionary biology,
taxonomic systems, characteristics, binomial nomenclature, species.
A. The classification of living beings is based on common ________, which can be morphological,
anatomical, genetic or biochemical characteristics.
B. The ________ are hierarchical classification systems that help to organize and understand the diversity
of life.
C. Organisms are grouped into broader categories called ________, which share more general
characteristics with each other.
D. The ________ is the science that studies the diversity of life on Earth and the relationship between
different groups of organisms.
E. The ________ are observable characteristics of organisms, such as body shape, the presence of certain
organs or the type of feeding.
F. The ________ is the most specific level of classification and refers to a group of organisms capable of
reproducing with each other and producing fertile offspring.
G. Living things are organized at different hierarchical levels, from individual species to larger __________
H. The ________ is the science of classifying and organizing living things into groups based on shared
characteristics.
I. Organisms belonging to the same _____ share similar characteristics and can interbreed to produce
fertile offspring.
J. The modern classification system is based on the _____, proposed by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century.
RECURSOS
Book: "Biology: The Science of Life" by William K. Purves, David Sadava, Gordon H. Orians, and H. Craig Heller.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aiC_Z8Za7wc (Taxonomy)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DVouQRAKxYo (Taxonomy)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGK2KFDLYRk (Mitosis, Meiosis)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z8kJginC7Ws (Mitosis, Meiosis)