The meaning of growth , development, maturation and stages of developments are very well explained in this ppt.

1. Pros & Cons Template
GROWTH& DEVELOPMENT
BY Dr.S.JERSLIN

2. Pros & Cons Template
INTRODUCTION
• The terms growth and development are often used interchangeably. Actually they are
conceptually different. Neither growth nor development takes place all by itself.
Growth refers to quantitative changes in size which include physical changes in
height, weight, size, internal organs, etc. As an individual develops, old features like
baby fat, hair and teeth, etc., disappear and new features like facial hair etc.. are
acquired. When maturity comes, the second set of teeth, primary and secondary sex
characteristics, etc., appear. Similar changes occur in all aspects of the personality.
During infancy and chidhood, the body steadily becomes larger, taller and heavier .
To designate this change the term growth is used. Growth involves changes in
body proportions as well as in overall stature and weight. The term growth thus
indicates an incrcase in bodily dimensions. But the rate of growth differs from one
part of the body to the other.

3. Pros & Cons Template
Con...
• Development, by comuast, refers to qualitative changes taking place
simultaneously with quantitative changes of growth. It may be defined as a
progressive series of ordedy, coherent changes. The term progressive signifies that
changes are directional, that they lead forward rather than backward. Ordely and
coherent suggest that there is a definite relationship between the changes taking
place and those that precede or will follow them. Development represents changes
in an organism from its origin to its death, but more particularly the progressive
changes which take place from origin to maturity. Thus, dcvelopment may be
explained as the series of overall changes in an individual due to the
emergence of modified structures and functions that are the outcome of the
interactions and exchanges between the organism and its environment.
https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/46895/1/Unit-1.pdf

4. Pros & Cons Template
GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
• ( A ) Growth Growth refers to ” increase in size , height and
weight “ . It implies the growth of heart , brain , nerves , muscles and
body in general . Growth is always observable and measurable .
( B ) Development : The term development refers to ” change in
structure , form or shape and improvement in functioning . It is
progressive series of changes in an orderly coherent pattern . ”
Progressive ‘ signifies that the changes are direction leading forward
rather than backward . These changes include changes in proportions
, disappearances of old features and acquisition of new features at
physical , intellectual , emotional and social level of daily living .
Development is observable .

5. Pros & Cons Template
MATURATION
• C )Maturation : Maturation means , ”
when certain functions are performed by mind and body automatically
we say that one has attained maturity “
.Maturation also means , ” functioning of inside , inside ” . The word ”
inside ” is being used twice here . It also means doing right thing at
right time .
Maturation and growth from conception onwards is a natural phenomenon .
The direction which growth takes as a result of factors outside the maturing
or growing individual may be referred to as development . Maturation as a
natural process and development as a result of the effect of
environmental conditions upon the young person as he grows are the
two factors basic to the teaching – learning process .

6. Pros & Cons Template
Con…
• Educational psychology is concerned with the study of the individual’s
education , and with the study and solution of problets connected with his
educational growth and development . In order to achieve this objective , an
understanding of the nature and principles of human growth and
development is very essential . Good instructional practices are to be based
on the stage of growth which the pupil has then far attained . At the same
time , it is becoming widely recognised that good education has to bring
about faster , better directed and more balanced growth . The task of
educational psychology is to point out the various ways in which growth in
general , and educational growth in particular , can be
facilitatedhttps://www.cukashmir.ac.in/departmentdocs_16/Growth%20&%
20Development%20-%20Dr.%20Ismail%20Thamarasseri.pdf

7. Pros & Cons Template
Development Growth
A progressive series of changes that
occur as a result of maturation and learning
Structural and physiological
changes
functional change structural change
overall changes particular
Qualitative quantitative
direct measurement difficult possible
progressive changes changes both progressive and
retrogressive
continuous process possible without growth E.g.
Intellectual functions in abstract thinking
may or may not bring development
E.g. increase in brain weight

8. Pros & Cons Template
Con…
Age groups Stage of development Schooling sta
Birth to 2 years Infancy
2 years to 6 Early childhood Prc-primary
6 years to 12 years Later childhood Primary
12 years to 18 Adolescence Secondary and senior
secondary
18 years to 40 years Young adulthood
40 years to 65 years Mature adulthood
over 65 years Aged adullhood

9. Pros & Cons Template
/
• DIMENSIONS OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
( or ) ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT
• The following are the major aspects of human growth and
development :
1. Physical growth and motor development
2. Intellectual / Cognitive development
3. Emotional development Language Devlopement
4. Social development
6.Language Devlopement
7.Moral development https://gkindia1.in/concept-of-growth-
developmentand-maturation

10. Pros & Cons Template
Individual Differences
• Definition:- Individual Differences are qualities, specifications,
demographic characteristics, cultural factors intellectual power, and
behaviouristic attributes that differentiate one human being from
another in the whole aspect of life. For example- Americans are
usually tall and white in color, Japanese considered to be short but are
considered to be intellectual and innovative in nature. Individual
Differences can be because of cultural differences also in America
they have a culture to appoint new candidates for every new project
but the Japanese follow a long-term policy to keep an employee for the
long term.
• https://byjusexamprep.com/cdp-notes-individual-differences-i

11. Pros & Cons Template
CHARACTERISTICS
• 1. Individual Differences are the specific characteristics that differentiate one person from
another. For example:- Everyone has a different perspective to think, act, and
acknowledge things in their own way.
• 2. Individual Differences can be because of different tastes, preferences, needs, intrinsic
and extrinsic potential towards society and self. For example:- Maslow needs hierarchy
theory.
• 3. Dissimilarity is the principle of nature. For example:- No two persons can be the same
in any aspect like physical characteristics, mental characteristics, and psychological
characteristics.
• 4. Individuals differ from each other in many characteristics of life. For example:-
Changes among individuals can be found in physical forms like in height, weight, color,
complexion strength, etc., the difference in intelligence, achievement, interest, attitude,
aptitude, learning habits, motor abilities, skill.
• 5. Each person has an intellectual capacity which one gains through experience and
learning. For example:- learning by doing, project method, and play-way method.

12. Pros & Cons Template
CAUSES
• 1. Heredity:- is what we inheritance from our forefather, the similarity in a smile, way of walking,
talking, speaking, thinking power and approaches to grasp things.
• 2. Environment:- Environment brings individual differences in behavior, activities, attitude, and
style of life characteristics. Our environment consists of internal and external factors that affect our
life. Internal factors are related to our family, friends, and relatives, External factors are related to
school, culture, horizon to which we belong to.
• 3. Race and Nationality:- Race and Nationality also play a role in individual differences. Indians
are very sympathetic in nature, Americans are very straightforward and open-minded and
Europeans are very conservative in nature due to race and nationality.
• 4. Sex:- Due to sex variation, one individual differs from other. Men are strong and muscular and
have strong mental power. On the other hand, women are emotional and sensitive.
• 5. Age:- Age is a crucial factor in determining individual differences. As in a span of life human
being passes through toddlerhood, toy age, gang age, teenage, adolescence, and adulthood.
Learning ability and adjustment capacity naturally grow with age. Major determinants of age are
maturity, growth, and development.
• 6. Education:- Education plays a major role There is a huge gap in the behavior of literate and
illiterate persons. Education plays a major in the all-around development and our development is
prior to the education we obtain and the community we belong to.

13. Pros & Cons Template
EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
• Aims of education, curriculum, method of teaching should be designed keeping in
mind the individual differences of a human being- capability, attitude, aptitude,
and tolerance power.
• The teacher has to adopt different types of methods of teaching considering the
individual difference in order to cater to the need of each individual especially
considering special needs children.
• Co-curricular activities should be part of the everyday life of children so that they
develop humanity, discipline, and courage towards life. For example:- Dancing,
Singing, Religious and Patriotic play, Calligraphy, Painting, and Drawing.
• The teacher should use teaching aids in order to develop the interest of children
towards studying and the selection of teaching aids should be according to the
individual difference.
• Various methods of teaching such as the Playing method, Project method,
Montessori method, and Storytelling methods are to be used
considering/discovering how different children respond to a task or a problem.

14. Pros & Cons Template
MOTIVATION
• The term "motivation" describes why a person does something. It is
the driving force behind human actions. Motivation is the process that
initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors.
• For instance, motivation is what helps you lose extra weight, or pushes
you to get that promotion at work. In short, motivation causes you to
act in a way that gets you closer to your goals. Motivation includes the
biological, emotional, social, and cognitive forces that activate human
behavior.

15. Pros & Cons Template
Types of Motivation
• The two main types of motivation are frequently described as being
either extrinsic or intrinsic.
• Extrinsic motivation arises from outside of the individual and often
involves external rewards such as trophies, money, social recognition,
or praise.
• Intrinsic motivation is internal and arises from within the individual,
such as doing a complicated crossword puzzle purely for the
gratification of solving a problem.2

16. Pros & Cons Template
IMPORTANCE
• Increase your efficiency as you work toward your goals
• Drive you to take action
• Encourage you to engage in health-oriented behaviors
• Help you avoid unhealthy or maladaptive behaviors, such as risk-
taking and addiction
• Help you feel more in control of your life
• Improve your overall well-being and happiness

17. Pros & Cons Template
COMPONENTS
• Activation is the decision to initiate a behavior. An example of activation
would be enrolling in psychology courses in order to earn your degree.
• Persistence is the continued effort toward a goal even though obstacles
may exist. An example of persistence would be showing up for your
psychology class even though you are tired from staying up late the night
before.
• Intensity is the concentration and vigor that goes into pursuing a goal.5
For example, one student might coast by without much effort (minimal
intensity) while another student studies regularly, participates in classroom
discussions, and takes advantage of research opportunities outside of class
(greater intensity).

18. Pros & Cons Template
TIPS TO IMPROVE MOTIVATION
• Adjust your goals to focus on things that really matter to you. Focusing on things that are
highly important to you will help push you through your challenges more than goals
based on things that are low in importance.
• If you're tackling something that feels too big or too overwhelming, break it up into
smaller, more manageable steps. Then, set your sights on achieving only the first step.
Instead of trying to lose 50 pounds, for example, break this goal down into five-pound
increments.
• Improve your confidence. Research suggests that there is a connection between
confidence and motivation.6 So, gaining more confidence in yourself and your skills can
impact your ability to achieve your goals.
• Remind yourself about what you've achieved in the past and where your strengths lie.
This helps keep self-doubts from limiting your motivation.
• If there are things you feel insecure about, try working on making improvements in those
areas so you feel more skilled and capable. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-
motivation-2795378

19. Pros & Cons Template
THANKYOU