This document is a lesson on using comparatives and superlatives in English. It covers the use of -er, more, -est, and most with adjectives and adverbs to form comparisons. It also discusses using the same as, similar to, different from, like, and alike in comparisons. Additionally, it provides examples of using but to connect contrasting ideas with verbs. The lesson provides explanations, examples, and exercises for learners to practice each comparative and contrastive structure.

1. Learn English With Les
Learn English With Les Grammar
Essentials Lesson

2. Using Be and Have
CONTENTS
1. The Comparative: Using -er and More
2. The Superlative: Using -est and Most
3. Using One Of + Superlative + Plural Noun
4. Making Comparisons with Adverbs
5. Comparisons: Using The Same (As), Similar (To),…
6. Comparisons: Using Like and Alike
7. Using But
8. Using Verbs after But

3. 3
Nicola is taller than Bradley.

4. 4
THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE
(a) Nicola is taller than Bradley.
Nicola is more tall than Bradley.?

5. THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE
(b) Happiness is more important than money.
5
Happiness is importanter than money.?

6. (a) Nicola is taller than Bashir.
(b) Happiness is more important than money.
6
THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE
To compare two persons or things:
-er
more
adjective + + than

7. 7
ier
ier
er g
funn
prett
yy
ADJECTIVES WITH
ONE SYLLABLE
ADJECTIVES
THAT END IN -Y
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
big
cheap
old
funny
pretty
er
er
THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE

8. 8
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE
more famous
more important
more interesting
better
worse
farther/further
THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE
ADJECTIVES WITH
TWO OR MORE
SYLLABLES
IRREGULAR
COMPARATIVE
FORMS
famous
important
interesting
good
bad
far

9. 9
Ivana is o_l_d_e_r than Paris.
Ivana 19
Paris 17
Justine 15
Let’s Practice
old

10. 10
Let’s Practice
important
Family is _m_o_r_e_ i_m_p_o_r_ta_n_t_ than money.

11. The woman with the smile looks ______
than the woman with the frown.
11
happier
Let’s Practice
happy

12. 12
THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
We have a big family.
My brother is older than me.
Grandpa is the oldest of all.
My Me
brother

13. 13
THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
(a) COMPARATIVE
My brother is older than me.
(b) SUPERLATIVE
Grandpa is the oldest of all.

14. 14
older
bigger
ADJECTIVES
WITH ONE
SYLLABLE
old
big
the oldest
the biggest
THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

15. 15
THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
ADJECTIVES
THAT END
IN -Y
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
pretty
easy
prettier
easier
prettiest
easiest

16. 16
THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
more
expensive
more
important
ADJECTIVES
WITH TWO
OR MORE
SYLLABLES
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
expensive
important
the most
expensive
the most
important

17. 17
the best
the worst
the
farthest/
furthest
THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST
IRREGULAR
FORMS
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
good
bad
far
better
worse
farther/
further

18. 18
Justine is ______than Paris.
Ivana is the __ta_l_le_s_t _o_f _a_ll__ the sisters.
Ivana
Paris
Justine
Let’s Practice
tall
taller

19. 19
A good bicycle is expensive.
A motorcycle is more expensive.
A car is ______________________.
the most expensive (of all)
Let’s Practice
expensive

20. 20
Let’s Practice
heavy
heavier
A horse is ________than a dog.
An elephant is _th_e_ _h_e_a_v_ie_s_t of all.

21. 21
USING ONE OF + SUPERLATIVE + PLURAL NOUN
Kyung is one of the
cutest babies I know.

22. USING ONE OF + SUPERLATIVE + PLURAL NOUN
(a) Kyung is one of the cutest babies I know.
(b) Angel Falls is one of the most beautiful
waterfalls in the world.
(c) Jackson is one of the best students
22
in school.
one of + superlative + plural noun

23. 23
Let’s Practice
Tahiti beautiful places
in the world most
Tahiti most beautiful places
in the world
_________ is one of the __________________
______________.

24. Bo’s Barbecue worst restaurants
in this town
24
Let’s Practice
Bo’s Barbeque
in this town
restaurants
worst
____________ is one of the ______________
_________________.

25. buildings
the Eiffel Tower
tallest
in France
_____________ is one of the ______________
_________________.
25
Let’s Practice
The Eiffel Tower tallest buildings
in the world

26. 26
MAKING COMPARISONS WITH ADVERBS
Jake works harder
than Hal (does).

27. MAKING COMPARISONS WITH ADVERBS
COMPARATIVE
(a) Jamie works more quickly than Pat (does).
(b) Ben works the most quickly of all.
27
SUPERLATIVE
COMPARATIVE
adverbs ending in -ly
SUPERLATIVE
adverbs ending in -ly
the more
most
carefully
the more
most
neatly
the more
most
slowly

28. 28
MAKING COMPARISONS WITH ADVERBS
COMPARATIVE
(c) Angie works faster than Debbie (does).
SUPERLATIVE
(d) Melissa works the fastest of all.
-er and -est with irregular adverbs
hard, fast, early, late

29. 29
MAKING COMPARISONS WITH ADVERBS
COMPARATIVE
(e) Most people sing better than I (do).
SUPERLATIVE
(f) Steve sings the best of all.
better
best
forms of
well

30. 30
Sully had a good score on the English
test.
COMPARATIVE
Merna had a ______ score.
better
SUPERLATIVE
Paula had _______ score
of all.
English Test
Paula 100%
Merna 88%
the best Sully 75%
Let’s Practice

31. 31
I have to get up early on Monday.
COMPARATIVE
I have to get up _______ earlier
on Tuesday.
SUPERLATIVE
I have to get up _________ earliest
on Friday.
Let’s Practice
the

32. 32
Simone can run quickly.
COMPARATIVE
Majid can run ____________.
more quickly
SUPERLATIVE
Larry can run _______________ the
of all.
Let’s Practice
most quickly

33. 33
COMPARISONS: USING THE SAME (AS), SIMILAR
(TO), AND DIFFERENT (FROM)
Maura and Laura
are the same.

34. 34
COMPARISONS: USING THE SAME (AS), SIMILAR
(TO), AND DIFFERENT (FROM)
THE SAME (AS)
Maura and Laura are the same.
Maura is the same as Laura.
Maura Laura

35. 35
COMPARISONS: USING THE SAME (AS), SIMILAR
(TO), AND DIFFERENT (FROM)
SIMILAR (TO)
Nan and Jan are similar.
Nan is similar to Jan.
Nan Jan

36. 36
DIFFERENT (FROM)
Elias and Hannah are different.
Elias is different from Hannah.
Elias
Hannah
COMPARISONS: USING THE SAME (AS), SIMILAR
(TO), AND DIFFERENT (FROM)

37. 37
Let’s Practice
A
E
D
C
B
F
D is ___________ A.
the same (as)
similar (to)
different (from)
different from

38. 38
Let’s Practice
A
E
B
C D
F
B is ___________ E.
the same (as)
similar (to)
different (from)
the same as

39. 39
Let’s Practice
A
E
B
C D
F
C is _________F.
the same (as)
similar (to)
different (from)
similar to

40. 40
COMPARISONS: USING LIKE AND ALIKE
Your bag is like my bag.

41. 41
I have a brown bag with two straps.
You have a brown bag with two straps.
(a) Your bag is like my bag.
(b) Your bag and my bag are alike.
(c) Our bags are alike.
like = similar to
alike = similar
same
meaning
COMPARISONS: USING LIKE AND ALIKE

42. 42
COMPARISONS: USING LIKE AND ALIKE
(a) Your bag is like my bag.
This + be + like + that.
(b) Your bag and my bag are alike.
This and that + be + alike.

43. 43
Let’s Practice
Adelle’s car
Arthur’s car
like
alike
Adelle and Arthur have similar cars.
In other words, their cars are _a_li_ke__.

44. 44
A bus is _l_ik_e_ a train in some ways.
a bus a train
Let’s Practice
like
alike

45. 45
These girls are sisters. They look ____.
alike
Let’s Practice
like
alike

46. 46
USING BUT
Janet is sad, but Kendall is happy.

47. (a) Janet is sad, but Kendall is happy.
(b) He likes classical music, but she likes jazz.
47
,
but = “This is the opposite of that.”
, but
,
USING BUT

48. 48
Imelda is tall, but Jana is _____.
short
Let’s Practice
thirsty
short
difficult
funny
delicious

49. 49
Let’s Practice
The first test was easy, but this test is
_d_if_fi_cu_l_t___ .
thirsty
short
difficult
funny
delicious

50. 50
15-7 Let’s Practice
The dinner wasn’t very good,
but the dessert was _d_e_li_c_io_u_s_.
thirsty
short
difficult
funny
delicious

51. 51
USING VERBS AFTER BUT
Kendall is happy, but Janet isn’t.

52. AFFIRMATIVE + but + NEGATIVE
52
USING VERBS AFTER BUT
VERB VERB
(a) Kendall is happy, but Janet isn’t.
(b) Giraffes are tall, but lions aren’t.
(c) I was reading, but Lea wasn’t.
(d) Ali rides a bike, but Lisa doesn’t.

53. 53
USING VERBS AFTER BUT
AFFIRMATIVE + but + NEGATIVE
VERB VERB
(e) They like candy, but we don’t.
(f) Jay brought gum, but Alexi didn’t.
(g) Adults can cook, but babies can’t.
(h) Ann will jump rope, but Janet won’t.

54. USING VERBS AFTER BUT
NEGATIVE + but + AFFIRMATIVE
VERB VERB
54
(i) Janet isn’t happy, but Kendall is.
(j) Lions aren’t tall, but giraffes are.
(k) Ana wasn’t reading, but I was.
(l) Lisa doesn’t sing, but Ali does.

55. NEGATIVE + but + AFFIRMATIVE
VERB VERB
55
USING VERBS AFTER BUT
(m) We don’t like tea, but they do.
(n) Alexi didn’t laugh, but Ramona did.
(o) Babies can’t cook, but adults can.
(p) Janet won’t play, but Zoe will.

56. 56
USING VERBS AFTER BUT
Kendall is happy, but Janet isn’t happy.
Kendall is happy, but Janet isn’t.
but shortened verb phrase

57. 57
This dog is on a leash,
but that dog ____.
isn’t
Let’s Practice

58. 58
Yung won’t go on an airplane,
but her friend _w_il_l .
Let’s Practice

59. 59
Let’s Practice
Some people love pet goldfish,
but I _d_o_n_’t.

60. 60
The End
Well Done
End of the Lesson