The document provides information about Satna Cement Works, a cement plant owned by Birla Corp. Ltd. It details the plant's current installed capacity of 2.36 million tons and planned expansion to 2.84 million tons. It then outlines the 17 major processes involved in cement production, from limestone quarrying and crushing to clinker production, cement milling, storage, and dispatch. Finally, it includes a Gantt chart scheduling the author's six-week training program at the plant.
The document discusses refractory failure at the nose ring and cooling zone of kilns. It identifies several causes of refractory failure including uncontrollable axial thrust due to uneven expansion, shell warping, wear on refractories from incorrect selection and installation, and mechanical and thermal stresses. It provides recommendations to address these issues such as using spinel bricks and castables that can withstand high stresses, providing adequate expansion joints, improving nozzle design and cooling, and modifying retainer ring design.
- The coating on refractory bricks in the burning zone was washed away due to high variation in clinker chemistry when switching between cement types, exposing the bricks to damage. The formation of a distorted flame also eroded coatings and bricks.
- Refractory bricks experienced severe thermal and chemical stresses due to variation in clinker chemistry and the use of petcoke, which increases liquid viscosity and damages bricks. Cracks in bricks showed they were under mechanical stress from shell distortion.
- Installation errors like non-perpendicular brick rings led to gaps that formed hot spots, shortening refractory life. Proper installation is needed to avoid subjecting bricks to unnecessary mechanical stresses.
Ref failur e analysis tip casting & retainer area fpradeepdeepi
This document summarizes refractory failures at various locations in different kilns. It describes the causes of failures such as uncontrolled steam pressure during heating, inadequate expansion joints, aggressive clinker liquid attack, and lack of proper nose ring cooling. Remedies provided include modifying tip casting designs, increasing expansion gaps, improving nose ring airflow, controlling chemistry variations, and switching to higher grade refractories. Common failure locations addressed are the tip casting area, outlet cones, and retainer rings. Analysis of each case identifies specific issues and recommends customized solutions.
1) The filter cake that forms on the surface of the filter bags is what does the filtering, not the bags themselves. The cake protects the bags from dust.
2) When designing a dedusting system, the key components to consider are the equipment to be dedusted, dedusting pipes/valves, filter, fan/motor, and insulation. Design guidelines include airflow volumes, pipe sizes, filtration velocities below 1.3 m/s, and dust concentrations of 20-50 g/cubic meter.
3) Important factors for selecting filter bags include the type of filter and cleaning mechanism, moisture/temperature, dust properties, and providing high permeability, strength, and stability. The bag material
The document provides information about Satna Cement Works, a cement plant owned by Birla Corp. Ltd. It details the plant's current installed capacity of 2.36 million tons and planned expansion to 2.84 million tons. It then outlines the 17 major processes involved in cement production, from limestone quarrying and crushing to clinker production, cement milling, storage, and dispatch. Finally, it includes a Gantt chart scheduling the author's six-week training program at the plant.
The document discusses refractory failure at the nose ring and cooling zone of kilns. It identifies several causes of refractory failure including uncontrollable axial thrust due to uneven expansion, shell warping, wear on refractories from incorrect selection and installation, and mechanical and thermal stresses. It provides recommendations to address these issues such as using spinel bricks and castables that can withstand high stresses, providing adequate expansion joints, improving nozzle design and cooling, and modifying retainer ring design.
- The coating on refractory bricks in the burning zone was washed away due to high variation in clinker chemistry when switching between cement types, exposing the bricks to damage. The formation of a distorted flame also eroded coatings and bricks.
- Refractory bricks experienced severe thermal and chemical stresses due to variation in clinker chemistry and the use of petcoke, which increases liquid viscosity and damages bricks. Cracks in bricks showed they were under mechanical stress from shell distortion.
- Installation errors like non-perpendicular brick rings led to gaps that formed hot spots, shortening refractory life. Proper installation is needed to avoid subjecting bricks to unnecessary mechanical stresses.
Ref failur e analysis tip casting & retainer area fpradeepdeepi
This document summarizes refractory failures at various locations in different kilns. It describes the causes of failures such as uncontrolled steam pressure during heating, inadequate expansion joints, aggressive clinker liquid attack, and lack of proper nose ring cooling. Remedies provided include modifying tip casting designs, increasing expansion gaps, improving nose ring airflow, controlling chemistry variations, and switching to higher grade refractories. Common failure locations addressed are the tip casting area, outlet cones, and retainer rings. Analysis of each case identifies specific issues and recommends customized solutions.
1) The filter cake that forms on the surface of the filter bags is what does the filtering, not the bags themselves. The cake protects the bags from dust.
2) When designing a dedusting system, the key components to consider are the equipment to be dedusted, dedusting pipes/valves, filter, fan/motor, and insulation. Design guidelines include airflow volumes, pipe sizes, filtration velocities below 1.3 m/s, and dust concentrations of 20-50 g/cubic meter.
3) Important factors for selecting filter bags include the type of filter and cleaning mechanism, moisture/temperature, dust properties, and providing high permeability, strength, and stability. The bag material
يقدم هذا العرض التقديمي مفهوم خدمة قوقل درايف ، وتطبيقاتها التعليمية الرائعة ، والتي تدعم العمل التشاركي عبر الويب ، كما يتناول خصائص هذه التطبيقات وكيفية توظيفها في التعليم .
يقدم هذا العرض معلومات بسيطة عن أداة الرسم والاستبيانات في قوقل درايف ، وكيفية توظيفها في التعليم ، حيث أنها تتيح للمتعلمين فرصة إعداد الخرائط الذهنية بشكل تشاركي عبر الإنترنت . إنها خدمة رائعة قدمتها شركة قوقل ، لخدمة التعليم
يقدم هذا العرض التقديمي مفهوم خدمة قوقل درايف ، وتطبيقاتها التعليمية الرائعة ، والتي تدعم العمل التشاركي عبر الويب ، كما يتناول خصائص هذه التطبيقات وكيفية توظيفها في التعليم .
يقدم هذا العرض معلومات بسيطة عن أداة الرسم والاستبيانات في قوقل درايف ، وكيفية توظيفها في التعليم ، حيث أنها تتيح للمتعلمين فرصة إعداد الخرائط الذهنية بشكل تشاركي عبر الإنترنت . إنها خدمة رائعة قدمتها شركة قوقل ، لخدمة التعليم