Christopher Isherwood's novel Goodbye to Berlin provides insights into Berlin society in the 1930s through its characters and situations. While some details are not fully explained, social criticism approaches help readers construct the social context inductively. The narrator aims for objectivity with a "camera" perspective, though is also a character. Theoretical frameworks like Lukács and Goldmann's analyze how novels reflect the alienation of individuals in modern capitalist society through value systems and the relationship between people and the world.
Christopher Isherwood's novel "Goodbye to Berlin" provides insights into Berlin society in the 1930s through the situations and dialogues described. While some events are not fully explained, literary critical approaches allow readers to construct the social context from representative situations. The narrator's objectivity is partially achieved through describing himself as "a camera" passiveley recording scenes. The novel reveals social discourses and ideologies that shaped the society in which it was written according to theories of sociological novel criticism.
The art of form versus the art of emotion in thomas mann's death in venice (f...Jesullyna Manuel
This document provides a summary and analysis of Thomas Mann's novella Death in Venice. It discusses how the novella explores the conflict between form (rationality and discipline) versus emotion through the story of Gustav von Aschenbach. Von Aschenbach is a repressed writer who becomes obsessed with a young Polish boy named Tadzio while vacationing in Venice. His obsession leads to his dissolution and death, representing the dangers of giving in to one's passions. The document also analyzes how Venice represents sensuality and decline, and how the story uses mythology and Freudian concepts to examine this theme of rationality versus emotion.
This document discusses the difficulty in defining Victorian realism. It notes that while realism seems easy to grasp as depicting realistic or lifelike subjects, scholars have offered many definitions and realist novels often mixed realist and non-realist elements. The document examines explanations for the rise of realism, including responding to historical changes in the 19th century and exploring questions about how reality and truth can be known. However, it concludes that realism defies a single fixed definition and is best understood as a "syndrome" or collection of overlapping features.
The document discusses incorporating narrative elements into ceramic art. It explores various approaches to finding visual narratives, including seeing shapes in random textures. It discusses several 20th century art movements like Funk Art that focused on personal expression over social messages. Various ceramic artists like Rudy Autio and Joan Miro are cited that explored narrative and symbolic imagery in their work. The goal is to map narratives onto ceramic surfaces through techniques like glazing and projections to create diverse explorations.
Alexandre Dumas was a famous French writer born in 1802. He is best known for his historical novels The Three Musketeers, The Count of Monte Cristo, and The Man in the Iron Mask. Dumas had a prolific writing career and achieved widespread success with his novels, which were initially published as serials. However, he also struggled with debt and was forced to flee to Belgium and Russia to evade creditors. Dumas died in 1870 and his body was later moved to rest with other French literary greats at the Panthéon in Paris.
The story is about Wasserkopf, a man who complains to his former school principal that the education he received 18 years prior did not adequately prepare him for work. As a result, he demands a refund of his school fees. The principal and teachers are worried this could set a precedent, so they conduct a fake exam where they claim Wasserkopf's absurd answers contain deep insights. They declare him an excellent student and refuse his refund request, sending him away.
Honoré de Balzac was a 19th century French novelist and playwright known for his masterwork The Human Comedy, a sequence of novels and short stories depicting French life after Napoleon's fall. Through keen observation and unfiltered representations of society, Balzac helped found literary realism by creating multifaceted, morally complex characters. His writing influenced many later authors and philosophers with its realistic portrayal of everyday life and characters' struggles against human nature and society.
This document provides an overview of Romanticism in painting. It discusses how Romanticism valued depictions of nature as sublime and awe-inspiring. Key characteristics included a focus on individual genius and emotion, as well as opposition to classical norms and industrialization. The document explores works by Romantic painters like Caspar David Friedrich, J.M.W. Turner, Theodore Gericault, and Eugene Delacroix that capture feelings of melancholy, mystery, and the power of nature through their dramatic landscapes and scenes. It also notes Romanticism's influence on later artistic periods and questions whether Romantic ideals still exist today.
Christopher Isherwood's novel "Goodbye to Berlin" provides insights into Berlin society in the 1930s through the situations and dialogues described. While some events are not fully explained, literary critical approaches allow readers to construct the social context from representative situations. The narrator's objectivity is partially achieved through describing himself as "a camera" passiveley recording scenes. The novel reveals social discourses and ideologies that shaped the society in which it was written according to theories of sociological novel criticism.
The art of form versus the art of emotion in thomas mann's death in venice (f...Jesullyna Manuel
This document provides a summary and analysis of Thomas Mann's novella Death in Venice. It discusses how the novella explores the conflict between form (rationality and discipline) versus emotion through the story of Gustav von Aschenbach. Von Aschenbach is a repressed writer who becomes obsessed with a young Polish boy named Tadzio while vacationing in Venice. His obsession leads to his dissolution and death, representing the dangers of giving in to one's passions. The document also analyzes how Venice represents sensuality and decline, and how the story uses mythology and Freudian concepts to examine this theme of rationality versus emotion.
This document discusses the difficulty in defining Victorian realism. It notes that while realism seems easy to grasp as depicting realistic or lifelike subjects, scholars have offered many definitions and realist novels often mixed realist and non-realist elements. The document examines explanations for the rise of realism, including responding to historical changes in the 19th century and exploring questions about how reality and truth can be known. However, it concludes that realism defies a single fixed definition and is best understood as a "syndrome" or collection of overlapping features.
The document discusses incorporating narrative elements into ceramic art. It explores various approaches to finding visual narratives, including seeing shapes in random textures. It discusses several 20th century art movements like Funk Art that focused on personal expression over social messages. Various ceramic artists like Rudy Autio and Joan Miro are cited that explored narrative and symbolic imagery in their work. The goal is to map narratives onto ceramic surfaces through techniques like glazing and projections to create diverse explorations.
Alexandre Dumas was a famous French writer born in 1802. He is best known for his historical novels The Three Musketeers, The Count of Monte Cristo, and The Man in the Iron Mask. Dumas had a prolific writing career and achieved widespread success with his novels, which were initially published as serials. However, he also struggled with debt and was forced to flee to Belgium and Russia to evade creditors. Dumas died in 1870 and his body was later moved to rest with other French literary greats at the Panthéon in Paris.
The story is about Wasserkopf, a man who complains to his former school principal that the education he received 18 years prior did not adequately prepare him for work. As a result, he demands a refund of his school fees. The principal and teachers are worried this could set a precedent, so they conduct a fake exam where they claim Wasserkopf's absurd answers contain deep insights. They declare him an excellent student and refuse his refund request, sending him away.
Honoré de Balzac was a 19th century French novelist and playwright known for his masterwork The Human Comedy, a sequence of novels and short stories depicting French life after Napoleon's fall. Through keen observation and unfiltered representations of society, Balzac helped found literary realism by creating multifaceted, morally complex characters. His writing influenced many later authors and philosophers with its realistic portrayal of everyday life and characters' struggles against human nature and society.
This document provides an overview of Romanticism in painting. It discusses how Romanticism valued depictions of nature as sublime and awe-inspiring. Key characteristics included a focus on individual genius and emotion, as well as opposition to classical norms and industrialization. The document explores works by Romantic painters like Caspar David Friedrich, J.M.W. Turner, Theodore Gericault, and Eugene Delacroix that capture feelings of melancholy, mystery, and the power of nature through their dramatic landscapes and scenes. It also notes Romanticism's influence on later artistic periods and questions whether Romantic ideals still exist today.
The document discusses several artworks created by German Dada artist Hannah Höch between 1924-1930. The artworks juxtapose modern and primitive imagery to comment on the role of women in modern German society. Höch combined images of body parts, industrial objects, and stereotypical portrayals of femininity to critique norms and raise questions about women's sexuality and identity in a rapidly changing world.
The document provides background information on Giorgio de Chirico, a pioneer of metaphysical painting who was highly influential on the Surrealist movement. It discusses de Chirico's early works from the 1910s that depicted strange, dreamlike cityscapes with sharp contrasts and exaggerated perspectives. These works evoked an ominous, dream-like quality and disoriented the viewer. The document also briefly summarizes some of de Chirico's most famous paintings from this period that illustrated his philosophy of approximating a dream-like state of mind through illogical elements, unexpected perspectives, and strange relationships between objects.
The document discusses the emergence and key aspects of modernism in literature in the early 20th century. It introduced modernist authors like James Joyce and Virginia Woolf and describes how modernist works broke from traditional forms through experimentation with techniques like stream of consciousness, fragmentation, and multiple perspectives. Specifically, it outlines the development of free verse as a rejection of traditional poetic forms and meters, and surveys styles like Imagism, the works of T.S. Eliot, and different variations of free verse practiced by poets such as Whitman, Lawrence, Ginsberg, Williams, and e.e. cummings.
In the late 19th century, industrialization allowed the Western world to dominate globally. Realist and Impressionist art movements emerged in response to social and economic changes brought by industrialization. Realist works by artists like Courbet, Millet, and Daumier documented everyday life and social issues. Impressionism, led by Monet, focused on capturing light and fleeting visual impressions. Post-Impressionists like Cézanne, Gauguin, Seurat, and Van Gogh reacted against Impressionism's limitations by emphasizing composition, emotion, and non-traditional perspectives.
Modernism And the trends of Modern Poetry.AleeenaFarooq
This document provides an overview of the history and key developments in modern poetry. It discusses how modern poetry emerged from a break with traditional forms and conventions at the end of the 19th century. Modern poetry is characterized by experimentation with form and language, themes of anxiety and disillusionment reflecting the modern age, and a rejection of traditional poetic structures like meter and rhyme in favor of freer forms. The document outlines trends in modern poetry like an increased focus on realism, themes of war and social issues, as well as movements like Imagism that further transformed poetic diction and style.
Andrew Wyeth was an American realist painter known for works depicting rural and small town life. He worked in a regionalist style, often painting scenes around his hometown of Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania and summer home in Cushing, Maine. One of his most famous works is Christina's World, currently in the Museum of Modern Art. Wyeth was influenced by his father, N.C. Wyeth, who was also a famous illustrator and painter. He preferred to paint landscapes in winter and fall when the "bone structure" was visible and more of the story was left untold.
Artists mentioned in Lovecraft's "Pickman's Model"kcfronk
The document discusses various artists and their ability to depict frightening or terrifying scenes and subjects in their work. It mentions the 18th century Spanish painter Francisco Goya and his depictions of human bestiality. It also discusses the early 20th century American artist Virgil Finlay and his illustrations for H.P. Lovecraft's stories, praising them as imaginative masterpieces. Finally, it mentions the British artist William Hogarth and compares his work to that of Goya in its dark and apocalyptic style.
This document summarizes Honoré de Balzac's connection to Ukraine in the 19th century. It discusses how Balzac dreamed of moving east and eventually spent almost two years on an estate near Kiev. He struggled with debt throughout his life. He received an anonymous letter from Ukraine praising his work, beginning a correspondence. The letter writer signed as "L'Étrangère," and they advised communicating through placing notes in a French newspaper allowed in Russia.
Romain Rolland was a French writer and pacifist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1915. He was born in 1866 in Clamecy, France and studied history before becoming a professor. Rolland advocated for creating a "people's theater" that was accessible to the masses. His most famous work was the 10-volume novel Jean-Christophe, published between 1903-1912. Rolland was a lifelong pacifist who protested World War 1 and corresponded with other influential figures like Gandhi and Freud. He died in 1944 in Vézelay, France while continuing his writing and advocacy for peace.
The document summarizes the narrative artwork "Places of Rebirth" by Thai artist Navin Rawanchaikul. The large-scale acrylic painting tells the story of the artist's family migration from Pakistan to Thailand in pursuit of opportunity. It blends images of the artist's family history with those of people he met in Pakistan, combining personal and national narratives. The work underscores how notions of nation are defined by historical accounts while layering those accounts with the personal and imaginary.
Somerset Maugham Stylie. Golubeva J. Kossolukina L.Julia Golubeva
William Somerset Maugham was a British short story writer and novelist known for his deep psychological insights into human nature. His writing style has been described as "plain" and using common phrases, but he was still able to create vivid characters through direct and indirect characterization techniques. While some critics felt his writing lacked metaphors and sounded repetitive at times, others praised him for his dedication to his craft and ability to write accessibly for readers. Maugham himself acknowledged limitations in his writing style but focused on writing in a way that suited his purposes as a storyteller.
KIRCHNER, Ernst Ludwig, Featured Paintings in Detail (2)guimera
The document presents details on several paintings by German expressionist artist Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. It includes descriptions of Kirchner's 1909 painting "Marzella" depicting a young girl he met near a lake, his 1910 portrait "Seated Girl (Fränzi Fehrmann)" showing his model Lina Franziska Fehrmann, and his 1910 work "Fränzi in front of a Carved Chair" portraying Fränzi before a chair carved with a naked female figure. Brief contextualizations are provided on Kirchner's life and role in the expressionist Die Brücke movement in Germany in the early 20th century.
SHGC The Womens Art Movement (Realism) Part 3rachaelwhare
The document discusses the artwork "Untitled (Your Body is a Battleground)" by artist Barbara Kruger. It summarizes that the work critiques modern standards of beauty through a divided photographic image of a model's face with the text "Your body is a battleground." The work was originally intended as a poster for a pro-choice march. It also discusses Kruger's style of incorporating found images with provocative text.
Realism emerged as a literary technique in the 19th century that sought to faithfully represent reality in fiction, focusing on everyday middle-class life rather than romanticized topics. It had profound influence on novels worldwide and became the dominant mode. Naturalism developed from Realism by applying scientific methods to characterize subjects and observe their behavior within defined environments. Émile Zola was a major proponent of Naturalism and argued for using scientific analysis of inherited traits and environment to create characters and plots.
STUCK, Franz von, Featured Paintings in Detailguimera
The document provides details on 15 paintings by Franz von Stuck, including title, date, medium, dimensions and location. For each painting there are 3-5 images labelled as details. Brief descriptions are provided for some of the paintings, discussing themes of mythology, biblical stories, and symbolism in von Stuck's works. The paintings include Lucifer, The Kiss of the Sphinx, The Sin, Wounded Amazon, Salome, Golgotha, Pietà, Wild Chase, Inferno, The Murderer, and Sphinx.
KIRCHNER, Ernst Ludwig, Featured Paintings in Detail (1)guimera
The document profiles several street scene paintings by German Expressionist artist Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. It describes Kirchner's fascination with depicting streetwalkers and life in Berlin during 1913-1915, when he painted over a dozen paintings of prostitutes in the city streets. The paintings are characterized by vivid colors, abstracted figures, and themes of sexuality. Several of the paintings are analyzed in detail for their compositions, color palettes, and symbolic imagery comparing the women to birds. The document also provides brief biographical information on Kirchner as a key member of the Die Brücke expressionist group before and after World War I.
Flirting with controversy: Gustave CourbetDeborahJ
1. The document provides an introduction to Realism in 19th century art, focusing on French artist Gustave Courbet as the leading figure of this movement.
2. Courbet sought to depict everyday subjects and scenes of modern life in a truthful, objective style that broke from traditional academic conventions.
3. His work was considered controversial and subversive by critics for undermining established styles and subject matter, as well as for Courbet's political involvement in socialist causes.
SHGC The Womens Art Movement (Realism) Part 2rachaelwhare
The document discusses several feminist artists from the 1960s-1980s including Judy Chicago, Miriam Schapiro, and Barbara Kruger. It summarizes Judy Chicago's 1983 Birth Project which involved over 130 needleworkers collaborating to create images of birth. It also discusses Schapiro's use of textiles and domestic crafts to highlight women's roles and experiences, as well as her co-founding of the feminist art program with Chicago. Kruger is noted for combining found photography with bold text to critique media images and cultural forces that shape gender roles.
This document provides an overview of major themes and genres in French literature and film, including philosophical humor in works by Voltaire and Rabelais, romantic adventure stories, realism in the 19th century, and existentialism in works by Camus, Sartre, and de Beauvoir in the 20th century. It discusses literary works such as Candide by Voltaire, Les Miserables by Hugo, and The Second Sex by de Beauvoir. The document also briefly mentions French influences on American film through movies like Sabrina and Ratatouille.
20th Century - Major Artistic & Literary Movements.pptxNirav Amreliya
The document provides an overview of major artistic and literary movements of the 20th century that shaped art, including stream of consciousness, expressionism, absurdism, surrealism, and dadaism. It discusses key figures and their works, such as Virginia Woolf using stream of consciousness, Edvard Munch's expressionist paintings, plays by Eugène Ionesco exemplifying absurdism, André Breton founding the surrealist movement, and Hugo Ball establishing the Dada movement with sound poems. The document concludes by noting how art and design are influenced by politics and society.
Avant-Garde Is Kitsch. An Essay On Modernism And Modernity In Politics And Cu...Luz Martinez
The document discusses how four young art students each painted the same landscape in Tivoli but produced four very different paintings due to individual temperaments and perspectives. It notes that while they aimed for objective representation, factors like an artist's disposition inevitably influenced how they perceived and rendered form, color, light and shadow. The narrator recalls being surprised by this early lesson in the subjectivity of vision and art.
The document discusses several artworks created by German Dada artist Hannah Höch between 1924-1930. The artworks juxtapose modern and primitive imagery to comment on the role of women in modern German society. Höch combined images of body parts, industrial objects, and stereotypical portrayals of femininity to critique norms and raise questions about women's sexuality and identity in a rapidly changing world.
The document provides background information on Giorgio de Chirico, a pioneer of metaphysical painting who was highly influential on the Surrealist movement. It discusses de Chirico's early works from the 1910s that depicted strange, dreamlike cityscapes with sharp contrasts and exaggerated perspectives. These works evoked an ominous, dream-like quality and disoriented the viewer. The document also briefly summarizes some of de Chirico's most famous paintings from this period that illustrated his philosophy of approximating a dream-like state of mind through illogical elements, unexpected perspectives, and strange relationships between objects.
The document discusses the emergence and key aspects of modernism in literature in the early 20th century. It introduced modernist authors like James Joyce and Virginia Woolf and describes how modernist works broke from traditional forms through experimentation with techniques like stream of consciousness, fragmentation, and multiple perspectives. Specifically, it outlines the development of free verse as a rejection of traditional poetic forms and meters, and surveys styles like Imagism, the works of T.S. Eliot, and different variations of free verse practiced by poets such as Whitman, Lawrence, Ginsberg, Williams, and e.e. cummings.
In the late 19th century, industrialization allowed the Western world to dominate globally. Realist and Impressionist art movements emerged in response to social and economic changes brought by industrialization. Realist works by artists like Courbet, Millet, and Daumier documented everyday life and social issues. Impressionism, led by Monet, focused on capturing light and fleeting visual impressions. Post-Impressionists like Cézanne, Gauguin, Seurat, and Van Gogh reacted against Impressionism's limitations by emphasizing composition, emotion, and non-traditional perspectives.
Modernism And the trends of Modern Poetry.AleeenaFarooq
This document provides an overview of the history and key developments in modern poetry. It discusses how modern poetry emerged from a break with traditional forms and conventions at the end of the 19th century. Modern poetry is characterized by experimentation with form and language, themes of anxiety and disillusionment reflecting the modern age, and a rejection of traditional poetic structures like meter and rhyme in favor of freer forms. The document outlines trends in modern poetry like an increased focus on realism, themes of war and social issues, as well as movements like Imagism that further transformed poetic diction and style.
Andrew Wyeth was an American realist painter known for works depicting rural and small town life. He worked in a regionalist style, often painting scenes around his hometown of Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania and summer home in Cushing, Maine. One of his most famous works is Christina's World, currently in the Museum of Modern Art. Wyeth was influenced by his father, N.C. Wyeth, who was also a famous illustrator and painter. He preferred to paint landscapes in winter and fall when the "bone structure" was visible and more of the story was left untold.
Artists mentioned in Lovecraft's "Pickman's Model"kcfronk
The document discusses various artists and their ability to depict frightening or terrifying scenes and subjects in their work. It mentions the 18th century Spanish painter Francisco Goya and his depictions of human bestiality. It also discusses the early 20th century American artist Virgil Finlay and his illustrations for H.P. Lovecraft's stories, praising them as imaginative masterpieces. Finally, it mentions the British artist William Hogarth and compares his work to that of Goya in its dark and apocalyptic style.
This document summarizes Honoré de Balzac's connection to Ukraine in the 19th century. It discusses how Balzac dreamed of moving east and eventually spent almost two years on an estate near Kiev. He struggled with debt throughout his life. He received an anonymous letter from Ukraine praising his work, beginning a correspondence. The letter writer signed as "L'Étrangère," and they advised communicating through placing notes in a French newspaper allowed in Russia.
Romain Rolland was a French writer and pacifist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1915. He was born in 1866 in Clamecy, France and studied history before becoming a professor. Rolland advocated for creating a "people's theater" that was accessible to the masses. His most famous work was the 10-volume novel Jean-Christophe, published between 1903-1912. Rolland was a lifelong pacifist who protested World War 1 and corresponded with other influential figures like Gandhi and Freud. He died in 1944 in Vézelay, France while continuing his writing and advocacy for peace.
The document summarizes the narrative artwork "Places of Rebirth" by Thai artist Navin Rawanchaikul. The large-scale acrylic painting tells the story of the artist's family migration from Pakistan to Thailand in pursuit of opportunity. It blends images of the artist's family history with those of people he met in Pakistan, combining personal and national narratives. The work underscores how notions of nation are defined by historical accounts while layering those accounts with the personal and imaginary.
Somerset Maugham Stylie. Golubeva J. Kossolukina L.Julia Golubeva
William Somerset Maugham was a British short story writer and novelist known for his deep psychological insights into human nature. His writing style has been described as "plain" and using common phrases, but he was still able to create vivid characters through direct and indirect characterization techniques. While some critics felt his writing lacked metaphors and sounded repetitive at times, others praised him for his dedication to his craft and ability to write accessibly for readers. Maugham himself acknowledged limitations in his writing style but focused on writing in a way that suited his purposes as a storyteller.
KIRCHNER, Ernst Ludwig, Featured Paintings in Detail (2)guimera
The document presents details on several paintings by German expressionist artist Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. It includes descriptions of Kirchner's 1909 painting "Marzella" depicting a young girl he met near a lake, his 1910 portrait "Seated Girl (Fränzi Fehrmann)" showing his model Lina Franziska Fehrmann, and his 1910 work "Fränzi in front of a Carved Chair" portraying Fränzi before a chair carved with a naked female figure. Brief contextualizations are provided on Kirchner's life and role in the expressionist Die Brücke movement in Germany in the early 20th century.
SHGC The Womens Art Movement (Realism) Part 3rachaelwhare
The document discusses the artwork "Untitled (Your Body is a Battleground)" by artist Barbara Kruger. It summarizes that the work critiques modern standards of beauty through a divided photographic image of a model's face with the text "Your body is a battleground." The work was originally intended as a poster for a pro-choice march. It also discusses Kruger's style of incorporating found images with provocative text.
Realism emerged as a literary technique in the 19th century that sought to faithfully represent reality in fiction, focusing on everyday middle-class life rather than romanticized topics. It had profound influence on novels worldwide and became the dominant mode. Naturalism developed from Realism by applying scientific methods to characterize subjects and observe their behavior within defined environments. Émile Zola was a major proponent of Naturalism and argued for using scientific analysis of inherited traits and environment to create characters and plots.
STUCK, Franz von, Featured Paintings in Detailguimera
The document provides details on 15 paintings by Franz von Stuck, including title, date, medium, dimensions and location. For each painting there are 3-5 images labelled as details. Brief descriptions are provided for some of the paintings, discussing themes of mythology, biblical stories, and symbolism in von Stuck's works. The paintings include Lucifer, The Kiss of the Sphinx, The Sin, Wounded Amazon, Salome, Golgotha, Pietà, Wild Chase, Inferno, The Murderer, and Sphinx.
KIRCHNER, Ernst Ludwig, Featured Paintings in Detail (1)guimera
The document profiles several street scene paintings by German Expressionist artist Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. It describes Kirchner's fascination with depicting streetwalkers and life in Berlin during 1913-1915, when he painted over a dozen paintings of prostitutes in the city streets. The paintings are characterized by vivid colors, abstracted figures, and themes of sexuality. Several of the paintings are analyzed in detail for their compositions, color palettes, and symbolic imagery comparing the women to birds. The document also provides brief biographical information on Kirchner as a key member of the Die Brücke expressionist group before and after World War I.
Flirting with controversy: Gustave CourbetDeborahJ
1. The document provides an introduction to Realism in 19th century art, focusing on French artist Gustave Courbet as the leading figure of this movement.
2. Courbet sought to depict everyday subjects and scenes of modern life in a truthful, objective style that broke from traditional academic conventions.
3. His work was considered controversial and subversive by critics for undermining established styles and subject matter, as well as for Courbet's political involvement in socialist causes.
SHGC The Womens Art Movement (Realism) Part 2rachaelwhare
The document discusses several feminist artists from the 1960s-1980s including Judy Chicago, Miriam Schapiro, and Barbara Kruger. It summarizes Judy Chicago's 1983 Birth Project which involved over 130 needleworkers collaborating to create images of birth. It also discusses Schapiro's use of textiles and domestic crafts to highlight women's roles and experiences, as well as her co-founding of the feminist art program with Chicago. Kruger is noted for combining found photography with bold text to critique media images and cultural forces that shape gender roles.
This document provides an overview of major themes and genres in French literature and film, including philosophical humor in works by Voltaire and Rabelais, romantic adventure stories, realism in the 19th century, and existentialism in works by Camus, Sartre, and de Beauvoir in the 20th century. It discusses literary works such as Candide by Voltaire, Les Miserables by Hugo, and The Second Sex by de Beauvoir. The document also briefly mentions French influences on American film through movies like Sabrina and Ratatouille.
20th Century - Major Artistic & Literary Movements.pptxNirav Amreliya
The document provides an overview of major artistic and literary movements of the 20th century that shaped art, including stream of consciousness, expressionism, absurdism, surrealism, and dadaism. It discusses key figures and their works, such as Virginia Woolf using stream of consciousness, Edvard Munch's expressionist paintings, plays by Eugène Ionesco exemplifying absurdism, André Breton founding the surrealist movement, and Hugo Ball establishing the Dada movement with sound poems. The document concludes by noting how art and design are influenced by politics and society.
Avant-Garde Is Kitsch. An Essay On Modernism And Modernity In Politics And Cu...Luz Martinez
The document discusses how four young art students each painted the same landscape in Tivoli but produced four very different paintings due to individual temperaments and perspectives. It notes that while they aimed for objective representation, factors like an artist's disposition inevitably influenced how they perceived and rendered form, color, light and shadow. The narrator recalls being surprised by this early lesson in the subjectivity of vision and art.
Walter Benjamin was a German Jewish philosopher and social critic who was a key member of the Frankfurt School. He studied at the University of Berlin and earned his PhD from the University of Bern. Benjamin was affiliated with the Frankfurt School and Institute for Social Research. He is known for his essays on art, literature, and culture in the modern age of mechanical reproduction. One of his most influential works is "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" which discusses how photography and film changed the experience and perception of art by removing the "aura" of authenticity from the original work. Benjamin fled Nazi Germany in 1933 and later died by suicide in 1940 while attempting to escape from Vichy France into Spain.
ART HISTORY 132SymbolismSymbolism (c. 1865-1.docxdavezstarr61655
ART HISTORY 132
Symbolism
Symbolism
(c. 1865-1915)
term: applied to both visual & literary arts (e.g., Rimbaud)
aim: not to see things, but to see through them to significance & reality far deeper
definition: subjective interpretation reject observation of optical world fantasy forms based on imaginationcolor, line, & shapes used as symbols of personal emotions, rather than to conform to optical image
function: artist as visionaryto achieve seer’s insight, artists must become derangedsystematically unhinge & confuse everyday faculties of sense and reason
themes: religion, mythology, sexual desire (vs. Baudelairian everyday life)
Odilon Redon
(1840-1916)biography: born to a prosperous family
training: failed entrance exams at École des Beaux-Artsbriefly studied under Gérôme (1864)career: interrupted by Franco-Prussian War remained relatively unknown until cult novel by Huysmans titled Against Nature (1884 )story featured decadent aristocrat who collected Redon's drawingsmedia:early work charcoal & lithographylater work oilsaim: “… [to bring] to life, in a human way, improbable beings and making them live according to the laws of probability, by putting – as far as possible – the logic of the visible at the service of the invisible”subject matter: “fantastic” influenced by writings of Edgar Allen Poe strange amoeboid creatures, insects, plants w/ human heads, etc.themes: “fantastic” creaturesmythological scenes
(Left) Redon’s Symbolist Eye Balloon (1878)
and
(right) Crying Spider (1881)
Redon’s Symbolist Eye Balloon (1878)
vs.
Daumier’s Nadar (c. 1860)
Redon
Cyclops (1898)subject: mythologicalPolyphemus & Galateanarrative loving moment vs. jealouslytheme: psychologicalconscious vs. unconsciouswaking vs. sleepingtone: hauntingbrushwork: painterly (Impressionist) composition: dynamiccolor: vibrantwhimsical harmoniousperspective: aerial
Redon’s Symbolist Cyclops (c. 1900)
vs.
Carracci’s Italian Baroque Polyphemus in the Farnese Gallery (c. 1600)
Henri Rousseau
(1844-1910)biography:served in French army bureaucrat in Paris Customs Office (1871-1893)took up painting as a hobby accepted early retirement in 1893 to devote himself to art
career: suffered ridicule & endured poverty
aesthetic: “naïve”
themes: jungle scenes
sources: claimed inspiration from his military experiences in Mexicoin fact, sources were illustrated books & visits to zoo/botanical gardens in Paris
Rousseau’s Sleeping Gypsy
(1897)
Rousseau’s The Dream
(1910)
James Ensor
(1860-1949)nationality: Belgian
personal crisis: family forbade him to marryplunged to depths of despair returned to painting religious subjects sold contents of his studio in 1890s
aesthetic: avant-garde Les XX (the Twenty)goal to promote new artistic developments throughout Europegroup’s leader/foundertreated harshly by art critics disbanded after a decade challenged rules of perspective free use of color and space and brus.
Modernism in Art: An Intoduction. Picasso's exorcism: Fear of 'Primitives' a...James Clegg
The forth in a series of lecture introducing Modernism. This week focuses upon Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, building a long context of Imperial attitudes and 'primitivism'.
A.E. Housman was an English poet and scholar born in 1859 in Worcestershire, England. He wrote two poetry volumes, A Shropshire Lad and Last Poems, the latter of which was successful. As a scholar he is respected for his annotated editions of Roman astronomer Marcus Manilius. Housman died in 1936 in Cambridge, England.
This chapter provides background on Adolf Hitler and the early days of the Nazi party in Germany. It describes Hitler's upbringing in Austria and struggles as a young man in Vienna. It details how he joined the German army in WWI and was decorated for bravery. After the war, Hitler was inspired to enter politics after hearing Anton Drexler speak. He joined Drexler's small nationalist party and quickly became its leader. The chapter outlines Hitler's early struggles to grow the Nazi party through public speeches, despite opposition from socialists. It describes a pivotal early Nazi rally that was violently disrupted but from which Hitler and the party emerged stronger. The chapter establishes Hitler's rise from an unknown soldier to a leader of a bur
This document provides an overview of several major literary movements from 1900-2000, including Modernism, Stream of Consciousness, Expressionism, Surrealism, Symbolism, Futurism, and Dadaism. It summarizes the origins, key ideas, and major figures of each movement. The document was prepared by Khushbu Lakhupota for a history of English literature course at MKBU and includes citations for additional references.
This Presentation is about Modern Century literaure, Modernism, Poetry and Modern Novel. and Stream of Consiousness. also discuss about Poets and Novelists. This era started from 1900 to 1961
The document defines terms related to literature and awards prizes for 1971, 1967, and 1952. It describes Pablo Neruda winning the 1971 Nobel Prize for poetry that embodied Chile's destiny and dreams. Bernard Malamud won the 1967 Pulitzer Prize for his novel The Fixer about a Jewish man unjustly imprisoned in Tsarist Russia. Marianne Moore received the 1952 Pulitzer Prize for her collected poems known for irony, wit, and satire.
The document provides biographical information on German artists George Grosz and Otto Dix who were active during World War 1 and the Weimar Republic period in Germany. Both artists produced politically charged works that critiqued and satirized German militarism, nationalism, and the rise of fascism under the Nazi party. Their art depicted the brutality of war and criticized what they saw as the moral failings and corruption of German society at the time. Both artists were considered to produce "degenerate art" by the Nazis and faced persecution after they came to power in 1933.
This document provides an introduction and table of contents for an essay exploring notions of social reality and photographic manipulation in Weimar Germany. It begins with a brief history of photography from its origins in the 19th century through developments like the daguerreotype and wet plate collodion process. It discusses how early photographers faced limitations from both the technology and social/political climates. The introduction also references Plato's Allegory of the Cave to illustrate how perception of truth can be subjective. The essay will examine key figures like John Heartfield and their use of photomontage to depict social reality for the proletariat in a way that challenges propaganda. It will discuss debates between thinkers like Brecht, Benjamin, and Luk
The document traces the origins and evolution of the concept of modernity from the 6th century through the 20th century. It discusses how modernity was initially viewed negatively in contrast to antiquity, but began being celebrated with thinkers like Descartes who broke from ancient traditions. Key developments like the Enlightenment, Industrial Revolution, and scientific/technological advances led to new art movements like Romanticism, Symbolism, and the avant-garde that experimented with form and sought to liberate humanity. Dada, Surrealism, Precisionism, and early abstract films broke from conventions to celebrate or question modern experience.
The document discusses the Age of Sensibility period from 1780-1840 in Europe. It describes how artists, writers and thinkers of the time such as Fuseli, De Sade, and Diderot challenged social norms regarding sexuality and censorship through their works. It also discusses the influential neoclassicist artistic movement of the period and lists many of the major artistic and literary figures like Blake, Coleridge, and Wordsworth who were part of social and intellectual circles at the time exploring philosophy, spirituality and new ideas.
This document provides an overview of social protest and affirmation in art from the last 200+ years. It discusses how artists have used their work to protest war, oppression, and injustice through various strategies like illustration, shock, humor, and narrative. Examples are given of artworks that protested military conflicts, affirmed oppressed identities, questioned social norms, and criticized aspects of society and government that reinforce the status quo. The risks of political art are also noted. In the end, discussion topics are posed about the role and effectiveness of protest art.
Contents
Modernism
Realism
Henrik Ibsen
Henrik Ibsen’s Approach to Feminism
(Project #1)
“The Master Builder”
Epistemology, techniques, themes, characters
“The Master Builder”: A Kaleidoscopic Play
Autobiographical Elements in “The Master Builder”
Socialist Realism
George Bernard Shaw
“Heartbreak House”: as A Socialist Realist Play
Bibliography
This document provides an overview of various literary movements and periods in American and English literature. It discusses movements such as Modernism, Romanticism, Realism, and Postmodernism. For each movement, it briefly describes the time period, key characteristics or themes, and examples of influential authors. It also separates out and describes in more detail specific American literary periods such as the Colonial Period. Overall, the document serves as a reference guide for understanding different eras and styles in the development of American and English literature.
The document provides an overview of concepts related to modernity and surrealism. It discusses how modernity emerged from enlightenment thinking and a break from the past. It then summarizes expressionism as a means of personal expression through painterly methods. Surrealism is discussed as a rejection of realism and rational thought in favor of unconscious expression, as championed by Andre Breton. Key surrealist artists are mentioned, including Max Ernst, Joan Miro, and Henri Rousseau, known for his primitive style.
4. CHRISTOPHER ISHERWOOD
1904 - 1986
•Born at Wyberslegh Hall, High
Lane, Cheshire in North West
England.
•Attended preparatory school St.
Edmund's, and met W. H. Auden.
•At Repton School he met Edward
Upward, with whom he wrote the
extravagant "Mortmere" stories.
5. CHRISTOPHER ISHERWOOD
1904 - 1986
• In 1925 he was reintroduced to
W. H. Auden and became
Auden's literary mentor.
•He worked as a private tutor in
Berlin
6. •Isherwood and Auden decided to
emigrate to the United States in
January 1939.
•Their emigration few months
before Britain entered the Second
World War, exposed them to
charges that they lacked
patriotism.
7. •He joined to the Vedanta Society.
•At the age of 48, he met teen-aged
Don Bachardy.
9. Tomorrow belongs to me
The sun on the meadow is summery warm
The stag in the forest runs free
But gathered together to greet the storm
Tomorrow belongs to me.
The branch on the linden is leafy and green
The Rhine gives its gold to the sea
But somewhere a glory awaits unseen
Tomorrow belongs to me
The babe in his cradle is closing his eyes
The blossom embraces the bee
But soon says the whisper, arise, arise
Tomorrow belongs to me
Now Fatherland, Fatherland, show us the sign
Your children have waited to see
The morning will come
When the world is mine
Tomorrow belongs to me
10. THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC
Established in 1919 in Germany to replace
the imperial form of government.
11. YEARS OF CRISIS 1919 - 1923
• The German peace delegation in France signed
the Treaty of Versailles.
•First years of the Weimar Republic were
years of political crisis, economic
crisis, financial crisis; until 1923.
12. GOLDEN ERA 1923 - 1929
• The immediate effect was to stabilize the
unlimited demand for properties of the period of
inflation.
• Reborn international confidence and
international loans to Germany began to
flock, attracted by high interest rates.
13. THIRD REICH
(NAZI GERMANY)
Germany’s President Paul von
Hindenburg appointed Adolf Hitler as
Chancellor of Germany, honoring
Hitler's request.
An Enabling Act passed in parliament
gave Hitler unrestricted legislative
power.
14. •Hitler established a centralized
totalitarian state.
•In 1935, Germany reacquired control of
the Saar and in 1936 military control of
the Rhineland, both of which had been lost
by the Treaty of Versailles.
•After Hitler’s suicide, german troops gave up in all
Europe, finishing the nazi Germany .
15. Entartete Kunst
Entartete Kunst (Degenerate Art) is a term adopted by the Nazi
regime in Germany to describe modern art.
Such art was banned because it was un-German or Jewish Bolshevist
in nature, and those identified as degenerate artists were subjected to
sanctions. These included being dismissed from teaching positions,
being forbidden to exhibit or to sell their art, and in some cases being
forbidden to produce art entirely.
The Nazis promoted paintings and sculptures that were narrowly
traditional in manner and that exalted the "blood and soil" values of
racial purity, militarism, and obedience. Similarly, music was
expected to be tonal and free of any jazz influences. Films and plays
were also censored.
“Willkommen” from the Cabaret
motion picture
16. I am a camera
Hypothesis
Goodbye to Berlin is, from the point
From my window, the deep solemn of view of sociological theories of
massive street. Cellar-shops where novel, a portrait of the Berlin of the
the lamps burn all day, under the
1930´s which is established through
shadow of top-heavy balconied
façades, dirty plaster frontages its images and characters.
embossed with scrollwork and
heraldic devices. The whole district
is like this: street leading into
street of houses like shabby
monumental safes crammed with
the tarnished valuables and second-
hand furniture of a bankrupt
middle class. I am a camera with
its shutter open, quite passive, Alan Cumming reading the first part of "Goodbye to
Berlin" from Christopher Isherwood's actual
recording, not thinking. bedroom at that time. Taken from the BBC
documentary "The real Cabaret“.
17. Theoretical issues
Lukács’ sense of aesthetics defines a text (either literary or not) as
realist when it represents society or a social event as a whole
coherent system from characters and typical action.
There was a little domestic argument, because Herr Bernstein didn't want his
wife to go shopping in the car that afternoon. During the last few days, there
has been a lot of Nazi rioting in the city.
"You can go in the tram, said Herr Bernstein. "I will not have them throwing
"
stones at my beautiful car. ”
A
" nd suppose they throw stones at me?" asked Frau Bernstein good-
humouredly.
A
" ch, what does that matter? If they throw stones at you, I will buy you a
sticking-plaster for your head. It will cost me only five groschen. But if they
throw stones at my car, it will cost me perhaps five hundred marks.
18. Theoretical issues
The fundamental idea of novels derives from Hegel’s theory of
history according to which, in modern society, the union between
conscience and world (subject – object) has disappeared due to the
alienation of the individual;.
As soon as I'd got dressed, I went down into the street. Sure enough, there was
a crowd outside the branch bank on the Nollendorfplatz corner, (…) Most of the
people were staring intently and rather stupidly at the locked door. In the
middle of the door was fixed a small notice, beautifully printed in Gothic type,
like a page from a classic author. The notice said that the Reichspresident had
guaranteed the deposits. Everything was quite all right. Only the bank wasn't
going to open.
19. Theoretical issues
Lucien Goldmann developed his ideas about novels using as a
basis Lukács’ theory and Marx’s critic of politic economy.
According to the last one, the essential feature of capitalist society
is the fact of being ruled by the exchange-value. The exchange-
value has the use-value (or authentic-value) as its semantic
opposite. There’s a three-party relationship established between
man, world and value.
Lukács’ heroes emerge from a degraded cultural reality whose
crisis of values is produced by the contradictions between
Liberalism and Clericalism, Capitalism and
Socialism, Christianity and Atheism, and so forth.
“Money” from the cabaret motion picture
20. Theoretical issues
According to Goldmann, in real life and in the novel as well, the
authentic values are implicit, since they’re not easily perceptible.
The last day or two, I've been sort of feeling what it would be like to be a
mother. Do you know, last night, I sat here for a long time by myself and held
this cushion in my arms and imagined it was my baby? And I felt a most
marvelous sort of shut-off feeling from all the rest of the world. I imagined
how it'd grow up and how I'd work for it, and how, after I'd put it to bed at
nights, I'd go out and make love to filthy old men to get money to pay for its
food and clothes...
21. Theoretical issues
Social criticism of novels, as conceived by Duchet, is sociology of
the literary text which highlights the importance of its origin and
social value. It unveils all sort of social discourses that conforms
the novel: sociograms, ideologems, images and ideologies in order
to recognize the society in which it was born.
Social aspects are not reflected in the piece but reproduced,
therefore, the gold rule of social criticism is that the researcher
mustn’t add or subtract anything to the text.
22. Conclusions
Christopher Isherwood’s writing style permits an inside look at the
social context through the situations and dialogues described in
Goodbye to Berlin.
Although there are many passages in the book that are related to
real events that are not very well stated by the author, the social
critical approaches to literature allow the reader to make an
inductive construction of the social context parting from
representative situations.
Objectivity of the writer is partially achieved within the “I am a
camera” logic though he is the narrator and a character as well.
23. Bibliography
DUCHET, Claude (1971). Pour une sociocritique ou variations sur un Incipit
EN: Litterature.. París: Larousse.
FOSSE, Bob (1977). Cabaret. ABC Pictures
GOLDMANN, Lucien (1964). Para una sociología de la novela. Madrid:
Ayuso.
GUZMÁN, José Manuel (2008). Panorama de las teorías sociológicas de la
novela IN Cultura y representaciones sociales Year:3, Number:5.
ISHERWOOD, Christopher (1977). Goodbye to Berlin. Washington: Hunter
Publishing
LUKÁCS, Gyorgy (1920). La teoría de la novela. Buenos Aires: Siglo XX.